Tsumcorite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Tsumcorite
Formula:
PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O
May contain minor Fe3+ replacing Zn.
Colour:
Yellow-brown, red-brown, orange
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4½
Specific Gravity:
5.2
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named after its type locality, the Tsumeb Corporation (Tsumcor) mine, Tsumeb, Namibia
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4039
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4039:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
044f9c4d-550f-48b0-b893-8d8d64242a83
IMA Classification of Tsumcorite
Approved
Approval year:
1969
First published:
1971
Classification of Tsumcorite
8.CG.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
G : With large and medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:1
Dana 7th ed.:
40.2.9.1
40.2.9.1
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
20.5.14
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
5 : Arsenates of Ti and Pb
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
5 : Arsenates of Ti and Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tmc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Tsumcorite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Debbie Woolf | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Tsumcorite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Yellow-brown, red-brown, orange
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
4½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
{001}, good.
{001}, good.
Density:
5.2 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.39 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Tsumcorite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.870 - 1.910 nβ = 1.890 - 1.930 nγ = 1.920 - 1.960
2V:
Measured: 67° to 84°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.050
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
dispersion not observed
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = Z = pale yellow; Y = yellow.
Chemistry of Tsumcorite
Mindat Formula:
PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O
May contain minor Fe3+ replacing Zn.
May contain minor Fe3+ replacing Zn.
Crystallography of Tsumcorite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.124 Å, b = 6.329 Å, c = 7.577 Å
β = 115.3°
β = 115.3°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.442 : 1 : 1.197
Unit Cell V:
395.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Common, on a unknown law
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009499 | Tsumcorite | Tillmanns E, Gebert W (1973) The crystal structure of tsumcorite, a new mineral from the Tsumeb Mine, S.W. Africa Acta Crystallographica B29 2789-2794 |  | 1973 | Tsumeb mine, Namibia, Africa | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.244 Å | (100) |
| 4.663 Å | (90) |
| 2.863 Å | (90) |
| 2.742 Å | (70) |
| 3.021 Å | (60) |
| 2.573 Å | (50) |
| 2.540 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Type Occurrence of Tsumcorite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Radiating fibrous crusts.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Geier, B.H., Kautz, K., Müller, G. (1971) Tsumcorit(e) [PbZnFe(AsO4)2] · H2O, ein neues mineral aus den oxidationszonen der Tsumeb-Mine, Südwestafrika. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte: 1971: 305-309.
Synonyms of Tsumcorite
Other Language Names for Tsumcorite
Relationship of Tsumcorite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Alumolukrahnite | Ca[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Cabalzarite | CaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Cobaltlotharmeyerite | CaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Cobalttsumcorite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Ferrilotharmeyerite | CaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Gartrellite | PbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Helmutwinklerite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Kaliochalcite | KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)] | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Krettnichite | PbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Lotharmeyerite | CaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Lukrahnite | CaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Manganlotharmeyerite | CaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Mawbyite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Mounanaite | PbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Natrochalcite | NaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickellotharmeyerite | CaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickelschneebergite | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Nickeltsumcorite | Pb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Phosphogartrellite | PbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Rappoldite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Schneebergite | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Thometzekite | PbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
| Yancowinnaite | PbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O | Tric. 1 : P1 |
| Zincgartrellite | PbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 26 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 21 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 20 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| 14 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| 14 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Adamite | Zn2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Zincolivenite | CuZn(AsO4)(OH) |
| 8 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 7 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Copper-bearing Adamite | (Zn,Cu)2AsO4OH |
| 7 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| 6 photos of Tsumcorite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CG. | Ca-Huréaulite | CaMn5(PO4)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CG. | Fluckite | CaMn2+(AsO3OH)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG. | Dondoellite | Ca2Fe(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG. | Alumolukrahnite | Ca[CuAl](AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.05 | Cassidyite | Ca2Ni(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Collinsite | Ca2Mg(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Fairfieldite | Ca2Mn2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Gaitite | Ca2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Messelite | Ca2Fe2+(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Parabrandtite | Ca2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Anorthoroselite | Ca2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Talmessite | Ca2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Hillite | Ca2Zn(PO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.05 | Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Parabrandtite) | Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Brandtite | Ca2Mn2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Roselite | Ca2Co(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Wendwilsonite | Ca2Mg(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Zincroselite | Ca2Zn(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Rruffite | Ca2Cu(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.10 | Unnamed (Fe2+-analogue of Brandtite) | Ca2Fe2+(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Ferrilotharmeyerite | CaZnFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Lotharmeyerite | CaZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Mawbyite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Mounanaite | PbFe3+2(VO4)2(OH,F)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Thometzekite | PbCu2+2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Cobaltlotharmeyerite | CaCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Cabalzarite | CaMg2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Krettnichite | PbMn3+2(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Cobalttsumcorite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickellotharmeyerite | CaNi2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Manganlotharmeyerite | CaMn3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Schneebergite | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickelschneebergite | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Yancowinnaite | PbCuAl(AsO4)2OH · H2O |
| 8.CG.15 | Nickeltsumcorite | Pb(Ni,Fe3+)2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.15 | Magnesiofluckite | CaMg(AsO3OH)2(H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Gartrellite | PbCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH) · H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Helmutwinklerite | PbZn2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Zincgartrellite | PbZn2(AsO4)2(H2O,OH)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Rappoldite | PbCo2(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.20 | Phosphogartrellite | PbCuFe3+(PO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.20 | Lukrahnite | CaCuFe3+(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 8.CG.25 | Pottsite | (Pb3xBi4-2x)(VO4)4 · H2O (0.8 < x < 1.0) |
| 8.CG.25 | Armellinoite-(Ce) | Ca4Ce4+(AsO4)4 · H2O |
| 8.CG.35 | Nickeltalmessite | Ca2Ni(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CG.55 | Irhtemite | Ca4Mg(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 4H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Dissolves in HCl
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Tsumcorite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4039.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Tsumcorite
Reference List:
Krause, Werner, Belendorff, Klaus, Bernhardt, Heinz-Jürgen, Mccammon, Catherine, Effenberger, Herta, Mikenda, Werner (1998) Crystal chemistry of the tsumcorite-group minerals. New data on ferrilotharmeyerite, tsumcorite, thometzekite, mounanaite, helmutwinklerite, and a redefinition of gartrellite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 10 (2) 179-206 doi:10.1127/ejm/10/2/0179
Jambor, John L., Grew, Edward S., Roberts, Andrew C. (1998) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 83. 1347-1352
Frost, Ray L., Kloprogge, J. Theo, Martens, Wayde N. (2004) Raman spectroscopy of the arsenates and sulphates of the tsumcorite mineral group. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 35 (1). 28-35 doi:10.1002/jrs.1076
Frost, Ray L., Weier, Matt (2004) Raman and infrared spectroscopy of tsumcorite mineral group. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 2004 (7) 317-336 doi:10.1127/0028-3649/2004/2004-0317
Localities for Tsumcorite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Day (1998) | |
| Elliott et al. (1988) |
| Nickel et al. (1993) |
| Nickel et al. (1993) | |
Bulgaria | |
| Minceva-Stefanova (2001) |
France | |
| Favreau et al. (2003) |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection |
Germany | |
| Blaß et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| 58. +2 other references |
| Walenta et al. (1961) +2 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Der Aufschluss 2000 (2) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Lapis (4) |
Greece | |
| Schnorrer et al. (1999) |
| Ko Jansen |
| |
| Rieck (1999) | |
| Branko Rieck collection |
Hungary | |
| collector: Bence Bódy |
Mexico | |
| |
Namibia (TL) | |
| Walenta et al. (1961) +4 other references |
| several collections (mislabeled descloizite, see http://www.mindat.org/forum.php?read,7,304581,304581#msg-304581) +1 other reference |
Spain | |
| Schnorrer (2000) |
USA | |
| List provided by Paul Adams at SCMS ... +1 other reference |
| Joe Marty collection (Tony Kampf analysis) |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:111. | |
| EDS and XRD analyzed by Quentin ... |
| Marty et al. (1993) |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Collected by John Dagenais |
| Excalibur mineral specimen |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
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Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Oshikoto Region, Namibia