Nagelschmidtite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Nagelschmidtite
Formula:
Ca7(SiO4)2(PO4)2
Colour:
yellowish white
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
Named in honor of Guenther Nagelschmidt (?, Germany - 19 July 1980), chemist and mineralogist that made the first report of the phase in a slag. He worked at the Safety in Mines Research Establishment, studying mineral dust as a hazard for miners of coal and other materials. He was a pioneer in the use of X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy in the study of mineral dusts.
Type Locality:
Closely related to (chemically similar) flamite. There is also a synthetic compound, 'Unnamed (Ca-Na Phosphate)', said to be a member of the nagelschmidtite family.
The original material seem to contain two polymorphs. Structurally similar to α-C2S (an abbreviated form of α-Ca2SiO4); as in this phase, the nagelschmidtite structure is based on Ca and Ca-T layers, the latter containing vacant Ca sites due to phosphate-for-silicate substitution. Arrangement of tetrahedral (anion) units in the mineral is similar to that found in α, α’H, α’L and β forms of the C2S phase.
Silicophosphates such as nagelschmidtite are important constituents of slags, said to be CaO- and P-containing fertilizers.
The original material seem to contain two polymorphs. Structurally similar to α-C2S (an abbreviated form of α-Ca2SiO4); as in this phase, the nagelschmidtite structure is based on Ca and Ca-T layers, the latter containing vacant Ca sites due to phosphate-for-silicate substitution. Arrangement of tetrahedral (anion) units in the mineral is similar to that found in α, α’H, α’L and β forms of the C2S phase.
Silicophosphates such as nagelschmidtite are important constituents of slags, said to be CaO- and P-containing fertilizers.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2829
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2829:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
6b0b1f42-4bd8-42f2-b95a-80fc08ae005d
IMA Classification of Nagelschmidtite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Nagelschmidtite
9.HA.60
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
H : Unclassified silicates
A : With Alkali and Alkali-earth Elements
53.2.2.1
53 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions or Complex Cations
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions of Complex Cations with (SO4), (CrO4), (PO4), etc·
53 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions or Complex Cations
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and Other Anions of Complex Cations with (SO4), (CrO4), (PO4), etc·
17.6.1
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
6 : Silicates with phosphate
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
6 : Silicates with phosphate
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Nsc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Nagelschmidtite
Colour:
yellowish white
Streak:
white
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Optical Data of Nagelschmidtite
Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.638 - 1.680 nβ = 1.652 - 1.698
Max Birefringence:
δ = 1.638
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Chemistry of Nagelschmidtite
Mindat Formula:
Ca7(SiO4)2(PO4)2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Al,Fe,Cr,Mn,Mg,Na,K,P,S
Crystallography of Nagelschmidtite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
P61
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.38 Å, c = 7.1 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.32
Unit Cell V:
177.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Twinning:
complex, resulting in lamellae intersecting at 60o
Comment:
Structure solution of synthetic sample gave P61 space group, a = 10.82 Å, c = 21.46 Å (Sugiyama et al., 2010).
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.66 Å | (vs) |
| 2.80 Å | (s) |
| 1.94 Å | (s) |
| 3.80 Å | (m) |
| 3.42 Å | (m) |
| 2.20 Å | (m) |
| 1.34 Å | (m) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 26 : Hadean detrital minerals | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Nagelschmidtite
General Appearance of Type Material:
elongated, anhedral grains, up to 150 microns in size
Geological Setting of Type Material:
HT contact-metamorphosed sedimentary rock (a pyrometamorphic formation)
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Nagelschmidtite
German:Nagelschmidtit
Spanish:Nagelschmidtita
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 9.HA. | Qeltite | Ca3TiSi2(Fe3+2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA. | Kalyuzhnyite-(Ce) | NaKCaSrCeTi(Si8O21)OF(H2O)3 |
| 9.HA. | Shinichengite | Ca5[BSi2O7(OH)2]2 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA. | Moragite | Ca3TiSi2(Al2Si)O14 |
| 9.HA.05 | Ertixiite | Na2Si4O9 |
| 9.HA.10 | Kenyaite | Na2Si22O41(OH)8 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.20 | Wawayandaite | Ca6Mn2BBe9Si6O23(OH,Cl)15 |
| 9.HA.25 | Magbasite | KBaFe3+Mg7Si8O22(OH)2F6 |
| 9.HA.35 | Demagistrisite | BaCa2Mn3+4(Si3O10)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2O |
| 9.HA.37 | Donwilhelmsite | CaAl4Si2O11 |
| 9.HA.40 | Igumnovite | Ca3Al2[SiO4]2[◻Cl4] |
| 9.HA.40 | Kasatkinite | Ba2Ca8B5Si8O32(OH)3 · 6H2O |
| 9.HA.42 | Paqueite | Ca3TiSi2(Al,Ti,Si)3O14 |
| 9.HA.45 | Rippite | K2(Nb,Ti)2(Si4O12)O(O,F) |
| 9.HA.47 | Zagamiite | CaAl2Si3.5O11 |
| 9.HA.50 | α-Carnegieite | NaAlSiO4 |
| 9.HA.50 | Rudenkoite | Sr3(Al3.5Si3.5)O10(OH,O)8Cl2 · H2O |
| 9.HA.52 | Atheriastite | near Ca5MgFeAl6Si8O32 · 5H2O |
| 9.HA.55 | Balvraidite | |
| 9.HA.55 | Foshallasite | Ca3[Si2O7] · 3H2O(?) |
| 9.HA.57 | Bhreckite | Ca, Mg, Fe, Si, O, H |
| 9.HA.60 | Bravaisite | |
| 9.HA.65 | Caryochroite | (Na,Sr)3(Fe3+,Mg)10[Ti2Si12O37] · (H2O,O,OH)17 |
| 9.HA.70 | Juanite | Ca10Mg4Al2Si11O39 · 4H2O or near |
| 9.HA.75 | Tacharanite | Ca12Al2Si18O33 (OH)36 |
| 9.HA.80 | Oyelite | Ca10Si8B2O29 · 12.5H2O |
| 9.HA.85 | Denisovite | K14+x(Ca,Na,Mn,Fe)48[Si60O162]F16(Ox,OH4-x) · 2H2O |
| 9.HA.90 | Tiettaite | K4Na12Fe3+Si16O41(OH)4 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Nagelschmidtite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2829.html
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References for Nagelschmidtite
Reference List:
Fleischer, Michael, Cabri, Louis J., Chao, George Y., Pabst, Adolf (1978) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 63 (3-4) 424-427
Gfeller, Frank, Widmer, Remo, Krüger, Biljana, Galuskin, Evgeny V., Galuskina, Irina O., Armbruster, Thomas (2015) The crystal structure of flamite and its relation to Ca2 SiO4 polymorphs and nagelschmidtite. European Journal of Mineralogy, 27 (6) 755-769 doi:10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2476
Localities for Nagelschmidtite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany | |
| Skrzyńska et al. (2023) |
Israel | |
| Sharygin et al. (2008) |
Middle East (TL) | |
| Gross (1977) |
Palestine | |
| Seryotkin Y.V. +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Pakhomovsky et al. (2014) |
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Hatrurim Formation, Middle East