Chlormayenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Chlormayenite
Formula:
Ca12Al14O32[◻4Cl2]
Originally assumed to be Ca12Al14O33.
Colour:
Colorless
Specific Gravity:
2.85 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Originally named mayenite after the type locality, (near) Mayen, Eifel, Germany. Renamed to chlormayenite in 2013 (IMA 13-C) after the mayenite supergroup was created and the original mayenite was found to contain essential Cl.
The Cl analogue of fluormayenite and vacancy analogue of chlorkyuygenite.
The Mayenite Supergroup was revised in 2013 (IMA 13-C); as a consequence, the mineral brearleyite has been discredited as being the same as chlormayenite; mayenite has been redefined and renamed chlormayenite; kyuygenite has been renamed chlorkyuygenite.
See also Galuskin et al. (2009, 2010).
Well-known cement phase.
Note that synthetic pure Ca12Al14O33 is known, but it is stabilised by moisture; the content of water reaches a maximum of 1.3% at ~950 °C and is present as OH groups. The composition of this phase is best described as Ca12Al14O32(OH)2 (Nurse et al., 1965a,b).
The mayenite supergroup species (in general, coded as C12A7, or C12A7e-) show unique electrochemical properties, with some anions in their structure (e.g., oxygen anions) migrating through the structure. As such, the mayenites behave as metals even though they are very non-metal in terms of general chemistry. Transitions seen in their structure may be related to superconducting. The mayenites represent a group of chemicals known as "salts of an electron", also known as electrides (e.g., Weber et al., 2021).
The Mayenite Supergroup was revised in 2013 (IMA 13-C); as a consequence, the mineral brearleyite has been discredited as being the same as chlormayenite; mayenite has been redefined and renamed chlormayenite; kyuygenite has been renamed chlorkyuygenite.
See also Galuskin et al. (2009, 2010).
Well-known cement phase.
Note that synthetic pure Ca12Al14O33 is known, but it is stabilised by moisture; the content of water reaches a maximum of 1.3% at ~950 °C and is present as OH groups. The composition of this phase is best described as Ca12Al14O32(OH)2 (Nurse et al., 1965a,b).
The mayenite supergroup species (in general, coded as C12A7, or C12A7e-) show unique electrochemical properties, with some anions in their structure (e.g., oxygen anions) migrating through the structure. As such, the mayenites behave as metals even though they are very non-metal in terms of general chemistry. Transitions seen in their structure may be related to superconducting. The mayenites represent a group of chemicals known as "salts of an electron", also known as electrides (e.g., Weber et al., 2021).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2606
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2606:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
4244fc8e-6c89-4165-8cf8-ef2d3271aef9
IMA Classification of Chlormayenite
Classification of Chlormayenite
4.CC.20
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
C : Metal: Oxygen = 2: 3,3: 5, and similar
C : With large and medium-sized cations
7.11.3.1
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
11 : Miscellaneous
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
11 : Miscellaneous
7.4.13
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Cmy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Chlormayenite
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Colorless
Streak:
White
Density:
2.85 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chlormayenite
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.600
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Chemistry of Chlormayenite
Mindat Formula:
Ca12Al14O32[◻4Cl2]
Originally assumed to be Ca12Al14O33.
Originally assumed to be Ca12Al14O33.
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Chlormayenite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
4 3m - Hextetrahedral
Space Group:
I4 3d
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.98 Å
Unit Cell V:
1,719.37 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Comment:
Cell parameter ranges from 11.97-12.02 A. Former "chlormayenite" (IMA2010-062) has a = 11.9794 A.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0009964 | Chlormayenite | Boysen H, Lerch M, Stys A, Senyshyn A (2007) Structure and oxygen mobility in mayenite (Ca12Al14O33): a high-temperature neutron powder diffraction study Acta Crystallographica B63 675-682 | 2007 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0009965 | Chlormayenite | Boysen H, Lerch M, Stys A, Senyshyn A (2007) Structure and oxygen mobility in mayenite (Ca12Al14O33): a high-temperature neutron powder diffraction study Acta Crystallographica B63 675-682 | 2007 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0009966 | Chlormayenite | Boysen H, Lerch M, Stys A, Senyshyn A (2007) Structure and oxygen mobility in mayenite (Ca12Al14O33): a high-temperature neutron powder diffraction study Acta Crystallographica B63 675-682 | 2007 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0009967 | Chlormayenite | Boysen H, Lerch M, Stys A, Senyshyn A (2007) Structure and oxygen mobility in mayenite (Ca12Al14O33): a high-temperature neutron powder diffraction study Acta Crystallographica B63 675-682 | 2007 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0010566 | Chlormayenite | Bussem W, Eitel A (1936) Die struktur des pentacalciumtrialuminats Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 95 175-188 | 1936 | 0 | 293 | ||
0017939 | Chlormayenite | Buessem W, Eitel A (1936) Die Struktur des Pentacalciumtrialuminats _cod_database_code 1011034 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 95 175-188 | 1936 | 0 | 293 | ||
0019192 | Chlormayenite | Iwata T, Haniuda M, Fukuda K (2008) Crystal structure of Ca12Al14O32Cl2 and luminescence properties of Ca12Al14O32Cl2:Eu2+ Journal of Solid State Chemistry 181 51-55 | 2008 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0018992 | Chlormayenite | Galuskin E V, Kusz J, Armbruster T, Bailau R, Galuskina I O, Ternes B, Murashko M (2012) A reinvestigation of mayenite from the type locality, the Ettringer Bellerberg volcano near Mayen, Eifel district, Germany Mineralogical Magazine 76 707-716 | 2012 | Ettringer Bellerberg volcano near Mayen, Eifel district, Germany | 0 | 293 | |
0014739 | Chlormayenite | Bartl H, Scheller T (1970) Zur struktur des 12CaO*7Al2O3 Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1970 547-552 | 1970 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.001 Å | (41) |
2.685 Å | (100) |
2.451 Å | (55) |
2.192 Å | (33) |
1.947 Å | (24) |
1.665 Å | (42) |
1.604 Å | (61) |
1.310 Å | (22) |
Comments:
Data for former "chlormayenite" (IMA2010-062).
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Chlormayenite
Co-Type Localities:
General Appearance of Type Material:
Colorless rounded grains having no recognizable crystal faces, with a maximum diameter of 60 microns.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mineralogisches Museum, Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut, Universität Köln, Germany, M5026,86 (Holotype).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 120045A0 (Type).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA,, USNM 7590, (Type).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 120045A0 (Type).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA,, USNM 7590, (Type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Thermally metamorphosed marly limestone inclusions in effusive volcanic rocks.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Chlormayenite
Other Language Names for Chlormayenite
Varieties of Chlormayenite
Gallium-bearing Chlormayenite | May bear up to 3.17 wt.% Ga (i.e., max. 4.26 wt.% Ga2O3). |
Relationship of Chlormayenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Chlorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4Cl2] | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d |
Fluorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4F2] | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d |
Fluormayenite | Ca12Al14O32F2 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3d |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.CC. | Xuite | Ca3Fe3+2[(AlO3(OH)]3 |
4.CC. | Allendeite | Sc4Zr3O12 |
4.CC. | Bitikleite | Ca3(Sb5+Sn4+)[AlO4]3 |
4.CC. | Yttriaite-(Y) | Y2O3 |
4.CC. | Chlorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4Cl2] |
4.CC. | Anzaite-(Ce) | Ce3+ 4Fe2+Ti6O18 (OH)2 |
4.CC. | Heamanite-(Ce) | (K0.5Ce0.5)TiO3 |
4.CC. | Priscillagrewite-(Y) | (Ca2Y)Zr2(AlO4)3 |
4.CC. | Saranovskite | SrCaFe2+2(Cr4Ti2)Ti12O38 |
4.CC. | Botuobinskite | SrFe2+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)[O36(OH)2] |
4.CC. | Mirnyite | SrZr4+Mg2(Cr3+6Ti4+12)O38 |
4.CC. | Haitaite-(La) | LaU4+Fe3+2(Ti13Fe2+4Fe3+)O38 |
4.CC. | Shagamite | KFe11O17 |
4.CC.05 | Chrombismite | Bi3+16Cr6+O27 |
4.CC.10 | Freudenbergite | Na2(Ti,Fe)8O16 |
4.CC.10 | Fluormayenite | Ca12Al14O32F2 |
4.CC.10 | Fluorkyuygenite | Ca12Al14O32[(H2O)4F2] |
4.CC.15 | Grossite | CaAl4O7 |
4.CC.17 | Goldschmidtite | KNbO3 |
4.CC.20 | Unnamed (HBU UK-4) | NaFe2+Zn2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb)6Ti12O38 |
4.CC.20 | Paseroite | PbMn2+(Mn2+,Fe3+)2(V5+,Ti,◻)18O38 |
4.CC.20 | Mianningite | (◻,Pb,Ce,Na)(U4+,Mn,U6+)Fe3+2 (Ti,Fe3+)18O38 |
4.CC.20 | UM1987-03-O:FePbTiU | ~(U,Pb)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Mn)21O38 |
4.CC.22 | Kahlenbergite | KAl11O17 |
4.CC.22 | Gorerite | CaAlFe3+11O19 |
4.CC.25 | Yafsoanite | Ca3Te6+2(ZnO4)3 |
4.CC.25 | Nixonite | Na2Ti6O13 |
4.CC.30 | Latrappite | Ca2NbFe3+O6 |
4.CC.30 | Lueshite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.30 | Natroniobite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.30 | Perovskite | CaTiO3 |
4.CC.30 | Barioperovskite | BaTiO3 |
4.CC.30 | Lakargiite | Ca(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 |
4.CC.30 | Megawite | CaSnO3 |
4.CC.32 | Usturite | Ca3(Sb5+Zr)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Elbrusite | Ca3(U6+0.5Zr1.5)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Dzhuluite | Ca3(Sb5+Sn4+)[Fe3+O4]3 |
4.CC.32 | Monteneveite | Ca3Sb5+2(Fe3+2Fe2+)O12 |
4.CC.35 | Loparite-(Ce) | (Na,REE)2Ti2O6 |
4.CC.35 | Macedonite | PbTiO3 |
4.CC.35 | Tausonite | SrTiO3 |
4.CC.35 | Isolueshite | (Na,La)NbO3 |
4.CC.35 | Panguite | (Ti,Al,Sc,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3 |
4.CC.37 | Pauloabibite | NaNbO3 |
4.CC.40 | Crichtonite | Sr(Mn,Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(Ce) | Ce(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(La) | La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38 |
4.CC.40 | Davidite-(Y) | (La,Ce,Na,Ca,Pb)(Y,Fe2+,◻)(Fe2+,Mn2+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)18O38 (hypothetical) |
4.CC.40 | Landauite | NaMnZn2(Ti,Fe)6Ti12O38 |
4.CC.40 | Lindsleyite | (Ba,Sr)(Zr,Ca)(Fe,Mg)2(Ti,Cr,Fe)18O38 |
4.CC.40 | Loveringite | (Ca,Ce,La)(Zr,Fe)(Mg,Fe)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,Al)18O38 |
4.CC.40 | Mathiasite | (Mg,Cr,Fe,Ca,K)2(Ti,Zr,Cr,Fe)5O12 |
4.CC.40 | Senaite | Pb(Mn,Y,U)(Fe,Zn)2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Uhligite | Ca3(Ti,Al,Zr)9O20 ? |
4.CC.40 | Dessauite-(Y) | (Sr,Pb)(Y,U)(Ti,Fe3+)20O38 |
4.CC.40 | Cleusonite | (Pb,Sr)(U4+,U6+)(Fe2+,Zn)2(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)18(O,OH)38 |
4.CC.40 | Gramaccioliite-(Y) | (Pb,Sr)(Y,Mn)Fe3+2(Ti,Fe3+)18O38 |
4.CC.45 | Diaoyudaoite | NaAl11O17 |
4.CC.45 | Hawthorneite | BaMgTi3Cr4Fe2+2Fe3+2O19 |
4.CC.45 | Hibonite | CaAl12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Lindqvistite | Pb2Mn2+Fe16O27 |
4.CC.45 | Magnetoplumbite | (Pb,Mn)(Fe,Mn)12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Plumboferrite | Pb2(Fe3+,Mn2+,Mg)11O19 |
4.CC.45 | Yimengite | K(Cr,Ti,Fe,Mg)12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Haggertyite | BaFe2+4Fe3+2Ti5MgO19 |
4.CC.45 | Nežilovite | PbZn2Mn4+2Fe3+8O19 |
4.CC.45 | Batiferrite | BaTi2Fe3+8Fe2+2O19 |
4.CC.45 | Chihuahuaite | FeAl12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Barioferrite | BaFe3+12O19 |
4.CC.45 | Kangite | (Sc,Ti,Al,Zr,Mg,Ca,◻)2O3 |
4.CC.45 | Mizraite-(Ce) | Ce(Al11Mg)O19 |
4.CC.50 | Jeppeite | (K,Ba)2(Ti,Fe)6O13 |
4.CC.55 | Zenzénite | Pb3Fe3+4Mn4+3O15 |
4.CC.60 | Mengxianminite (of Huang et al.) | (Ca,Na)3(Fe,Mn)2Mg2(Sn,Zn)5Al8O29 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chlormayenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2606.html
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References for Chlormayenite
Reference List:
Galuskin, Evgeny V., Gazeev, Viktor M., Lazic, Biljana, Armbruster, Thomas, Galuskina, Irina O., Zadov, Aleksander E., Pertsev, Nikolai N., Wrzalik, Roman, Dzierżanowski, Piotr, Gurbanov, Anatoly G., Bzowska, Grażyna (2009) Chegemite Ca7(SiO4)3(OH)2 a new humite-group calcium mineral from the Northern Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 21 (5) 1045-1059 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1962
Localities for Chlormayenite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| natürliches Vorkommen der Verbindung ... +2 other references |
Czech Republic | |
| Hršelová et al. (2013) |
Germany (TL) | |
| Hentschel (1964) |
| Rüdinger et al. (1993) |
Skrzyńska et al. (2023) | |
| EMPA data (personally collected) +8 other references |
in the collection of Christof Schäfer | |
| Hentschel (1964) |
| Schüller et al. (1986) |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll et al. (2018) |
Israel | |
| Shulamit Gross (1977) +1 other reference |
| Shulamit Gross (1977) |
Jordan | |
| Fleurance et al. (2013) |
| Sokol et al. (2016) |
Sokol +9 other references | |
Middle East | |
Gross (1977) +1 other reference | |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
Ma et al. (2011) +2 other references | |
Palestine | |
| Shulamit Gross (1977) |
| Shulamit Gross (1977) |
Poland | |
| Kruszewski (2018) |
Russia | |
| Sharygin (2015) |
Zateeva et al. (2007) | |
Chesnokov (1993) +1 other reference | |
Cesnokov et al. (1998) | |
| Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
Ukraine | |
| Шарыгин (2015) |
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Caspar quarry, Ettringen, Vordereifel, Mayen-Koblenz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany