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Tourmaline from Turkestan

Afghanistan
 
  • Badakhshan
    • Ishkashim District
      • Eshkashim pegmatite field
Orris, G.J., Bliss, J.D. (2002) Mine and mineral occurrences of Afghanistan. Open-File Report 2002-110. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02110
China
 
  • Xinjiang
    • Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture (Bayingolin Autonomous Prefecture; Bayinguoleng Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Hejing Co. (Xejing Co.)
Duan, Shigang, Jiang, Zongsheng, Luo, Wenjuan (2024) Geochronology and Geochemistry of Volcanic and Intrusive Rocks from the Beizhan Iron Deposit, Western Xinjiang, NW China: Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications. Minerals, 14 (1) doi:10.3390/min14010016
Li, Yan, Jiang, Zongsheng, Wang, Dachuan, Zhang, Zuoheng, Duan, Shigang (2024) Genesis of the Beizhan Iron Deposit in Western Tianshan, China: Insights from Trace Element and Fe-O Isotope Compositions of Magnetite. Minerals, 14 (3) doi:10.3390/min14030304
Zuoheng Zhang, Wei Hong, Zongsheng Jiang, Shigang Duan, Zhihua Wang, Fengming Li, Fupin Shi, Jun Zhao, and Renqiao Zheng (2012): Mineral Deposits 31(5), 941-964
Zuoheng Zhang, Wei Hong, Zongsheng Jiang, Shigang Duan, Zhihua Wang, Fengming Li, Fupin Shi, Jun Zhao, and Renqiao Zheng (2012): Mineral Deposits 31(5), 941-964
    • Changji Autonomous Prefecture (Sanji Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Mori Co. (Mulei Co.)
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
      • Qitai Co. (Gucheng Co.; Guqung Co.)
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
Yang, Fuquan, Mao, Jingwen, Bierlein, Frank P., Pirajno, Franco, Zhao, Caisheng, Ye, Huishou, Liu, Feng (2009) A review of the geological characteristics and geodynamic mechanisms of Late Paleozoic epithermal gold deposits in North Xinjiang, China. Ore Geology Reviews, 35 (2) 217-234 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.09.003
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
        • Shuangquan gold field
Ge, Zhanlin, Gu, Xuexiang, Zhang, Yongmei, Ma, Cheng, Hao, Di, Zheng, Yanrong, Zhang, Xiaoxing, Wang, Luzhi, Liu, Ming, Chen, Weizhi (2023) Ore Mineralogy, Fluid Inclusion Geochemistry, and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Nanmingshui Gold Deposit in East Junggar, Xinjiang, Northwest China: Implications for Ore Genesis. Minerals, 13 (10) doi:10.3390/min13101296
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
Dong Zhang, Junjie Fan, Peng Liu, Aijun Pan, Zhihua Wang, Feng Zhang, Baoyi Jin, Bin Wang, Yinyin Chao, Jun Zhao, Wenda Lei, and Chuantao Ren (2014): Mineral Deposits 33(2), 286-306
    • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
      • Yizhou District
Xiaojun Li and Xinhui Li (1999): Geology and Prospecting 35(3), 9-13
Wei Zhang, Junhao Wei, Jihua Li, and Jinxian Wang (2005): Resources Environment & Engineering 19(4), 273-280
Jingwen Mao, Goldfarb, R.J., Yitian Wang, Hart, C.J., Zhiliang Wang, and Jianmin Yang (2005): Episodes 28(1), 23-36
Shizhong Chen, Jiyuan Zhou, Lianxing Gu, Bingfang Cui, and Huiliang Xiao (2000): Mineral Deposits 19(3), 193-200
        • Xiaoshitouquan Ag-Cu ore field
Junchen Yang, Yun Deng, Yifeng Meng, and Tianfu Li (1998): Geology and Prospecting 34(2), 19-22
Junchen Yang, Yun Deng, Yifeng Meng, and Tianfu Li (1998): Geology and Prospecting 34(2), 19-22
        • Yamansu
Weixuan Fang, Jie Xu, Zhengtao Liu, and Guoduan Xu (2003): Geology and Prospecting 39(6), 18-20
Weixuan Fang, Zhuanying Huang, Hongfeng Tang, and Zhenquan Gao (2006): Geology in China 33(3), 529-544
Long, L. (2020) Geochemical Characteristics of Mineral Assemblages from the Yamansu Iron Deposit, NW China, and Their Metallogenic Implications. Minerals 10, 39.
Sun, Z.
Wang, J.
Wang, Y.
    • Hotan Prefecture
      • Dahongliutan pegmatite field
Zhang, X. Y., Wang, H., & Yan, Q. H. (2022). Garnet geochemical compositions of the Bailongshan lithium polymetallic deposit in Xinjiang Province: Implications for magmatic-hydrothermal evolution. Ore Geology Reviews, 105178.
Zhang, Z., Jiang, Y., Niu, H., & Qu, P. (2021). Fluid inclusion and stable isotope constraints on the source and evolution of ore-forming fluids in the Bailongshan pegmatitic Li-Rb deposit, Xinjiang, western China. Lithos, 380, 105824.
    • Kashi Prefecture (Kashgar Prefecture; Qeshqer Prefecture)
      • Tashiku'ergan Co. (Taxkorgan Co.; Tashqurqan Co.)
Michelou, Jean & Pardieu, Vincent. (2009). A Glimpse of the New Fine Emerald Deposit at Xinjiang's Davdar Mine. InColor Spring 2009 pp 26-31
    • Kezilesu Autonomous Prefecture (Kizilsu Autonomous Prefecture; Qizilsu Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Aketao Co. (Akto Co.; Aqto Co.)
        • Subashi (Subashen)
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
    • Turpan
      • Shanshan Co.
        • Kanggur-Xifengshan gold belt
Liu, B., Sun, P. H., Wu, Q. H., Jiang, J. B., Li, H., Dick, J., ... & Meng, Y. T. (2022). Timing and origin of orogenic gold mineralization in the Kanggurtag area, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews, 105080.
Liu, B., Sun, P. H., Wu, Q. H., Jiang, J. B., Li, H., Dick, J., ... & Meng, Y. T. (2022). Timing and origin of orogenic gold mineralization in the Kanggurtag area, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews, 105080.
Liu, B., Sun, P. H., Wu, Q. H., Jiang, J. B., Li, H., Dick, J., ... & Meng, Y. T. (2022). Timing and origin of orogenic gold mineralization in the Kanggurtag area, NW China. Ore Geology Reviews, 105080.
Li, P., Liang, T., Feng, Y. G., Zhao, T. Y., Feng, J., Han, Q., ... & Jin, L. Y. (2022). Zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os geochronology and geochemistry of the Tieling deposit in the Eastern Tianshan, NW China: Insights into the timing of mineralization and tectonic setting. Ore Geology Reviews, 141, 104656.
      • Toksun Co.
Peng, Xinjian, Maozhong Min, Haiming Qiao, Jinping Wang, and Mostafa Fayek. (2016) "Uranium-Series Disequilibria in the Groundwater of the Shihongtan Sandstone-Hosted Uranium Deposit, NW China" Minerals 6, no. 1: 3. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6010003
    • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture)
        • Aletai Co. (Altay Co.)
Dong Yongguan, and Zhang Chuanlin (2000): Acta Geologica Sinica 74(3), 582-586.
Denghong Wang, Yuchuan Chen, and Zhigang Xu (2003): Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry 22(1), 14-17
          • Kelang basin
Feng Liu, Fuquan Yang, Yanhe Li, Baoqin Ma, Fengmei Chai, and Xinxia Geng (2009): Mineral Deposits 28(3), 251-264
Jiuhua Xu, Rufu Ding, Yuling Xie, Changhua Zhong, and Lihua Shan (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (in press).
Li, D., Fu, Y., & Sun, X. (2018). Onset and duration of Zn—Pb mineralization in the Talate Pb—Zn (—Fe) skarn deposit, NW China: Constraints from spessartine U—Pb dating. Gondwana Research, 63, 117-128.
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
        • Fuhai Co. (Burultokay Co.)
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
        • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004) http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
          • Koktokay pegmatite field (Keketuohai pegmatite field)
            • Altay Mine
Zhao, Yan, Yang, Wubin, Leng, Chengbiao, Shan, Qiang, Niu, Hecai, Li, Ningbo (2023) Exotic REE behaviors of zircon in the Koktokay No. 3 granitic pegmatite, Xinjiang, northwest China. Ore Geology Reviews, 154. 105329 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105329
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
          • Maizi basin
Sun, C., Yang, X., Zhang, H., Ji, W., Chen, B., Dong, Z., ... & Xi, D. (2022). Tracing the formation and modification of the Keketale VMS-type Pb-Zn deposit, Altai Mountains: Insights from ore deposit geology, geochronology, and magnetite geochemistry. Ore Geology Reviews, 144, 104852.
Shulai Wang, Zhenglin Guo, Yuwang Wang, and Zhengli Mao (2005): Geology and Prospecting 41(6), 27-33
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
Denghong Wang, Yuchuan Chen, and Zhigang Xu (2001): Acta Geologica Sinica 80(3), 419-425
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
Yushe Zhao and Bin Zhang (2014): Northwestern Geology 47(2), 156-163
Jiaxin Teng and Qingming Wang (2006): Northwestern Geology 39(2), 17-33
Wang, Mengtao, Zhang, Xin (2023) Petrogenesis of Devonian and Permian Pegmatites in the Chinese Altay: Insights into the Closure of the Irtysh–Zaisan Ocean. Minerals, 13 (9) doi:10.3390/min13091127
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
        • Habahe Co. (Kaba Co.; Qaba Co.)
Wang, Mengtao, Zhang, Xin (2023) Petrogenesis of Devonian and Permian Pegmatites in the Chinese Altay: Insights into the Closure of the Irtysh–Zaisan Ocean. Minerals, 13 (9) doi:10.3390/min13091127
wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004) http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
        • Qinghe Co. (Qinggil Co.; Chinggil Co.)
Wang, Mengtao, Zhang, Xin (2023) Petrogenesis of Devonian and Permian Pegmatites in the Chinese Altay: Insights into the Closure of the Irtysh–Zaisan Ocean. Minerals, 13 (9) doi:10.3390/min13091127
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic mineral deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
Denghong Wang, Yuchuan Chen, and Zhigang Xu (2001): Acta Geologica Sinica 80(3), 419-425
          • Dakalasu-Kekexier pegmatite field
Zhou, Qifeng, Kezhang Qin, Dongmei Tang, and Chunlong Wang. (2022) "A Combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS Study of Muscovite from Pegmatites in the Chinese Altai, NW China: Implications for Tracing Rare-Element Mineralization Type and Ore-Forming Process" Minerals 12, no. 3: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030377
Zhou, Jiehao, Hui Zhang, Yong Tang, Zhenghang Lv, and Shenjin Guan. 2023. "Characteristics and Geological Significance of CO2-Rich Fluid Inclusions in Dakalasu No. 1 Pegmatite Dyke, Altay" Minerals 13, no. 3: 365. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13030365
Huashan Sun and Huaizhong Gao (2001): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 16(3), 173-181
Fuquan Yang and Hai Wu (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 15(1), 39-45
Wangsheng Zhang, Huaizhong Gao, and Ruiying Lu (1998): Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry 17(3), 164-168
Huiliang Xiao, Yongguan Dong, Henian Wang, Jiyuan Zhou, and Xingjian Rui (2002): Resources Survey and Environment 23(2), 130-139
          • Qinghe pegmatite field
Zhou, Qifeng, Kezhang Qin, Dongmei Tang, and Chunlong Wang. (2022) "A Combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS Study of Muscovite from Pegmatites in the Chinese Altai, NW China: Implications for Tracing Rare-Element Mineralization Type and Ore-Forming Process" Minerals 12, no. 3: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030377
Zhou, Qifeng, Kezhang Qin, Dongmei Tang, and Chunlong Wang. (2022) "A Combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS Study of Muscovite from Pegmatites in the Chinese Altai, NW China: Implications for Tracing Rare-Element Mineralization Type and Ore-Forming Process" Minerals 12, no. 3: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030377
          • Xiaokalasu-Qiebielin pegmatite field
Zhou, Qifeng, Kezhang Qin, Dongmei Tang, and Chunlong Wang. (2022) "A Combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS Study of Muscovite from Pegmatites in the Chinese Altai, NW China: Implications for Tracing Rare-Element Mineralization Type and Ore-Forming Process" Minerals 12, no. 3: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030377
Zhou, Qifeng, Kezhang Qin, Dongmei Tang, and Chunlong Wang. (2022) "A Combined EMPA and LA-ICP-MS Study of Muscovite from Pegmatites in the Chinese Altai, NW China: Implications for Tracing Rare-Element Mineralization Type and Ore-Forming Process" Minerals 12, no. 3: 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12030377
Fuquan Yang, Guoren Liu, Jihua Qin, Zhixin Zhang, Zhenjiang Liu, Liwu Zhang, Guangzhi Wei, Feng Liu, and Xinxia Geng (2012): Mineral Deposits 31(5), 965-982
      • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
        • Tuoli Co. (Toli Co.)
          • Baogutu
Rui Zhang, Yunxiao Zhang, Gengsheng Tong, Jiang Wang, and Longqian Li (2006): Geology in China 33(6), 1354-1360
          • Sartohay (Sartokay; Sartuohai; Saertuohai)
Zhou, M.-F., Robinson, P.T., Malpas, J., Sun, M., Aitchison, J., Bai, W.J., Hu, X.-F., and Yang, J.-S. (2001): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 19(4), 517-534.
Kazakhstan
 
  • Abai Region
    • Ayagoz District
      • Aqtoghay
KAZ Minerals
  • Almaty Region
    • Enbekshikazakh District
(1998) International strategic mineral issues summary report: tungsten. Circular 930-O. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/cir930o
  • East Kazakhstan Region
    • Kurshim District
Lobanov, K. V., & Gaskov, I. V. (2012). The Karchiga copper massive sulfide deposit in the high-grade metamorphosed rocks of the Kurchum block: geologic structure, formation, and metamorphism (Rudny Altai). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 53(1), 77-91.
  • Jambyl Region
    • Moiynkum District
Kyrgyzstan
 
  • Batken Region
    • Leylek District
Pekov, Igor V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ocean Pictures, Moscow. 369pp.
    • Turkestan Ridge
Pekov, Igor V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ocean Pictures, Moscow. 369pp.
  • Chuy Region
    • Kemin District
      • Oktorkoy ore district
Jenchuraeva, R.J. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 434-440.
  • Naryn Region
Baocheng Fan, Baoqiang Li, Wenhua Ji, Guanglu Meng, Jifei Cao, Bin Wang, Jing Zhang, Xin Cao, Pengrui Lü, and Bo Yang (2014): Northwestern Geology 47(1), 165-170
  • Talas Region
    • Karakol ore district
Jenchuraeva, R.J. (1997): Mineralium Deposita 32, 434-440.
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155
Seltmann, R., & Porter, T. M. (2005). The porphyry Cu–Au/Mo deposits of Central Eurasia: 1. Tectonic, geologic and metallogenic setting and significant deposits. Super porphyry copper and gold deposits: a global perspective, 2, 467-512.
    • Talas Silver District
      • Kumyshtag ore cluster
Pavlova, Galina G., Borisenko, Alexander S. (2009) The age of Ag–Sb deposits of Central Asia and their correlation with other types of ore systems and magmatism. Ore Geology Reviews, 35 (2) 164-185 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.11.006
Russia
 
  • Altai Republic
    • Kosh-Agachsky District
Baofu Han (2008): Acta Petrologica Sinica 24(4), 655-660
Potseluev, A.A., Babkin, D.I., and Kotegov, V.I. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(5), 384-401.
Tajikistan
 
  • Districts of Republican Subordination
Belakowski, Dimitrii I. (1991) Die seltenen Mineralien von Dara-i-Pioz im Hochgebirge Tadshikistans [The rare minerals of Dara-i-Pioz in the high mountains of Tajikistan]. Lapis, 16 (12) 42-48
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    • Murghob
      • Rangkul
Hofmeister, W. (2020) Petrogenesis of the Snezhnoe Ruby Deposit, Central Pamir. Minerals 10, 478.
Litvinenko, A.K.
Sorokina, E.S.
Häger, T.
Kostitsyn, Y.A.
Botcharnikov, R.E.
Somsikova, A.V.
Ludwig, T.
Romashova, T.V.
Kievlenko, Eugenii Ya., Soregaroli, A. - Ed. (2003) Geology of Gems - First English Edition. Ocean Pictures Ltd, Littleton, Colorado. p.1-468.
    • Pamir Silver District
      • Bazardara ore cluster
Pavlova, Galina G., Borisenko, Alexander S. (2009) The age of Ag–Sb deposits of Central Asia and their correlation with other types of ore systems and magmatism. Ore Geology Reviews, 35 (2) 164-185 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2008.11.006
    • Rangkul' Highlands
[var. Rubellite]
Thomas, R., & Davidson, P. (2010). Hambergite-rich melt inclusions in morganite crystals from the Muiane pegmatite, Mozambique and some remarks on the paragenesis of hambergite. Mineralogy and Petrology, 100(3-4), 227-239.
Zagorsky, V. Y., Makagon, V. M., & Shmakin, B. M. (1999). Systematics of granitic pegmatites. Can. Mineral, 37(3), 800-802.
Evseev, A. A. (1995) Kazaknstan and Middle Asia. A brief Mineralogical Guide. World of Stone 8:24-30
    • Shughnon
      • Shakhdara Range
Pekov, Igor V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ocean Pictures, Moscow. 369pp.
Konovalenko, S. I., Voloshin, A. V., Pakhomovskiy, Ya. A., Anen'yev, S. S., Perlina, G. A., Rogachev, D. L., Kuznetsov, V. Ya. (1984) Tusionite, MnSn(BO3)2, a new Borate from Granite Pegmatite of Southwestern Pamir. International Geology Review, 26 (4) 481-485 doi:10.1080/00206818409466576
  • Sughd
    • Gissar Range
Soloviev, S. G., Kryazhev, S. G., & Dvurechenskaya, S. S. (2019). Genesis of the Maikhura tungsten-tin skarn deposit, Tajik Tien Shan: Insights from petrology, mineralogy, and fluid inclusion study. Ore Geology Reviews, 104, 561-588.
Uzbekistan
 
  • Navoiy
    • Central Kyzylkum Region
      • Lyavlyakan-Beshkak ore field
Solodov, I.N., Nesterova, M.V., Shugina, G.A., Ganina, N.I., Shulik, L.S., and Solodov, D.I. (2001): Lithology and Mineral Resources 36(1), 43-62.
      • Zarafshan
        • Muruntau ore field
Kempe, U., Graupner, T., Seltmann, R., de Boorder, H., Dolgopolova, A., & van Emmichoven, M. Z. (2016). The Muruntau gold deposit (Uzbekistan)–a unique ancient hydrothermal system in the southern Tien Shan. Geoscience Frontiers, 7(3), 495-528.
Fuquan Yang, Yitian Wang, Mengwen Li, Huijuan Deng, and Liben Wang (2005): Geological Bulletin of China 24(5), 462-469
Eilu, Pasi (2003) Exploration for orogenic gold deposits. Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining. Rovaniemi.
Kempe, U., Belyatsky, B.V., Krymsky, R.S., Kremenetsky, A.A., and Ivanov, P.A. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 379-392
Graupner, T., Kempe, U., Spooner, E.T.C., Bray, C.J., Kremenetsky, A.A., and Irmer, G. (2001): Economic Geology 96(1), 1-23
  • Tashkent Region
    • Ohangaron District
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008. Open-File Report 2008-1155
 
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