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Veneridae

Description

The Veneridae or venerids, common name: venus clams, are a very large family of minute to large, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. Over 500 living species of venerid bivalves are known, most of which are edible, and many of which are exploited as food sources.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)3445https://www.gbif.org/species/3445
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)62779https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=62779
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Veneridae
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Veneroidei : Veneridae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMolluscaLinnaeus 1758
classBivalviaLinnaeus 1758
-EubivalviaCarter 2011
subclassAutobranchia
infraclassHeteroconchia
-CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
-CardioniFerussac 1822
-CardiidiaFerussac 1822
-CardiataFerussac 1822
superorderCardiiformiiFerussac 1822
orderCardiidaFerussac 1822
suborderCardiidinaFerussac 1822
-Veneroidei
-VeneroiteiGray 1854
superfamilyVeneroidea
familyVeneridaeRafinesque 1815
Common Namevenus clam
Scientific NameVeneridae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated without evidenceGlenn, 1904
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Pelecypodastated without evidenceClark and Arnold, 1923
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated without evidenceOlsson, 1931
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated with evidenceVokes, 1980
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated without evidenceSquires, 1984
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated with evidenceWard and Blackwelder, 1987
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated without evidenceSquires, 1987
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroidastated without evidenceSquires, 1988
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneraceastated without evidenceBeu et al., 1990
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroidastated without evidenceGordillo, 1991
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroideastated without evidenceWard, 1992
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroidastated with evidenceGardner, 2005
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroideastated with evidenceBieler and Mikkelsen, 2006
Veneridaefamilybelongs to VeneroideaimpliedNevesskaja, 2009
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroideastated without evidenceBouchet et al., 2010
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroideastated with evidenceCarter et al., 2011
Veneridaefamilybelongs to Veneroideastated without evidenceHickman, 2015
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)1,139
Extant Size (PBDB)371 (33%)
First Recorded Appearance339 - 336 Ma
Carboniferous
Motilityfacultatively mobile
Visionblind (based on Bivalvia)
Dietsuspension feeder
Ecospace CommentsLIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).
Taphonomyaragonite
Primary Reference (PBDB)H. E. Vokes. 1980. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue
Common Name(s) Venus Clam, Venusmusslor, Venus Clams, Venusmuscheln, Artemisschelpen, Tapijtschelpen, Venus Shells, Venusschelpen, マルスダレガイ
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veneridae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Callistinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)451125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Callocardiinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)2,721180 Ma
Early Jurassic
0 Ma
Extant
Gouldiinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)408145 Ma
Late Jurassic
0 Ma
Extant
Meretricinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)1,333145 Ma
Late Jurassic
0 Ma
Extant
Sunettinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)46125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Venerinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)4,847247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Agriopoma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Venus2938.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Ameghinomya
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Amiantis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Anomalocardia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
8628.4 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Anomalodiscus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Antigona
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9237.2 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Aphrodora
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Asaphinoides
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Atamarcia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Austrocallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1033.9 Ma
Oligocene
5.33 Ma
Miocene
Austrocardilanx
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
5165 Ma
Middle Jurassic
161 Ma
Jurassic
Austrovenus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
511.6 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Bassina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1023.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Callista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
451125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Callistina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
40113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Callistotapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Callithaca
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Callocardia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
14766.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Callpita
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Calva
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
80105 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Chamelea
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4933.9 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Chione
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
510101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Chionella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Chioneryx
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
811.6 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Chionista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1411.6 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Chionopsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
27833.9 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Choristodon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
711.6 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Circe
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7461.6 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Circenita
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Circomphalus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2823.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Clausinella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4648.6 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Clementia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
289101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Clementina
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
116.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Cockburnia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
456.0 Ma
Paleocene
56.0 Ma
Paleocene
Compsomyax
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Comus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cooperella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
33.60 Ma
Pliocene
0 Ma
Extant
Costacallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10366.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Costellipitar
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cryptonema
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyclina
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyclinella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10247.8 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Cyclorisma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
131145 Ma
Late Jurassic
70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cyclorismina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1785.8 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Cytheriopsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
541.3 Ma
Eocene
20.4 Ma
Miocene
Dollfusia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Dorisca
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Dosina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4137.2 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Dosinia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
920101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Dosiniopsis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
5183.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Egesta
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Eucallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Eumarcia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3056.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Eurhomalea
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6956.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Ezocallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ezocallista
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
523.0 Ma
Miocene
5.33 Ma
Miocene
Flaventia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
42140 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
93.9 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Fossacallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1741.3 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Frigichione
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gafrarium
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3066.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Gemma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6647.8 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Globivenus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9933.9 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Gomphina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
456.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Gouldia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
304145 Ma
Late Jurassic
0 Ma
Extant
Gouldiopa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Granicorium
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Grateloupia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
341.3 Ma
Eocene
23.0 Ma
Miocene
Hinemoana
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Humilaria
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
83.60 Ma
Pliocene
0 Ma
Extant
Hyphantosoma
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Hysteroconcha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1520.4 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Iliochione
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
115.33 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Irus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
223.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Irusella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
93.60 Ma
Pliocene
0 Ma
Extant
Jukesena
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Kaneharaia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Katelysia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2137.2 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Katherinella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7766.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Kuia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1937.2 Ma
Eocene
11.6 Ma
Miocene
Kyrina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Laevicirce
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Lajonkairia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
17.25 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Lamelliconcha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
13455.8 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Legumen
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
205101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Lepidocardia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Leukoma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
16728.4 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Lioconcha
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3016.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Liocyma
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2733.9 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Lirophora
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
42638.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Macridiscus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Macrocallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
532101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Marama
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2943.0 Ma
Eocene
6.50 Ma
Miocene
Marcia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2341.3 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Marwickia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2866.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
61.6 Ma
Paleocene
Megapitaria
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Melosia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1023.0 Ma
Miocene
16.0 Ma
Miocene
Mercenaria
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Quahog375101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Mercimonia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
747.8 Ma
Eocene
23.0 Ma
Miocene
Meretrix
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
188101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Meroena
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
947.8 Ma
Eocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Mesocallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
88105 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
70.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Microcirce
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Mysia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Notocallista
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1261.6 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Notopaphia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nutricola
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
5323.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Paleomarcia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Panchione
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Paphia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
161113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Paphonotia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10.13 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Parastarte
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2437.2 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Paratapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Parvicirce
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Pelecyora
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6356.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Periglypta
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
14147.8 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Petricola
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
104113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Petricolaria
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Pitar
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1,247101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Pitarenus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Pitaria
genus
listed (PBDB)9659.2 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Placamen
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4237.2 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Pleiorytis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1628.1 Ma
Oligocene
3.60 Ma
Pliocene
Polititapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
411.6 Ma
Miocene
11.6 Ma
Miocene
Privigna
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Protapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Proteopitar
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Protocallithaca
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Proxichione
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Psathura
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
147.8 Ma
Eocene
47.8 Ma
Eocene
Pseudamiantis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
5.33 Ma
Miocene
Pullastra
genus
listed (PBDB)5339 Ma
Carboniferous
0 Ma
Extant
Redicirce
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Rhabdopitaria
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1847.8 Ma
Eocene
41.3 Ma
Eocene
Rohea
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ruditapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
45.33 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Samarangia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
0 Ma
Extant
Saxidomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Securella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4728.4 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Sinodia
genus
listed (PBDB)556.0 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Sinonia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9101 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
93.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sunetta
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1433.9 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Tapes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
117247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Tawera
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3041.3 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Textivenus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
247.8 Ma
Eocene
41.3 Ma
Eocene
Timoclea
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
13723.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Tivela
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10861.6 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Tivelina
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
6366.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
33.9 Ma
Oligocene
Transennella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10961.6 Ma
Paleocene
0 Ma
Extant
Transenpitar
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Turia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1047.8 Ma
Eocene
19.0 Ma
Miocene
Turtonia
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Venerella
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1747.8 Ma
Eocene
0.78 Ma
Pleistocene
Veneriglossa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Venerupis
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
55133 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
0 Ma
Extant
Venidia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
237.2 Ma
Eocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Venus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
317237 Ma
Middle Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Xenoloupia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
141.3 Ma
Eocene
41.3 Ma
Eocene
Aphrodina aviasi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aphrodina garnieri
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aphrodina marina
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Aphrodina varians
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyprimeria aegyptiaca
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyprimeria nepotina
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyprimeria washitaensis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cyprimeria whitneyi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Icanotia atlantica
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Therithium lymani
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Rzehakiidae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Rzehakiidae
Mysiidae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Mysiidae
Gafrariidae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Gafrariidae
Oncophoridae GBIFfamilyAnimalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Oncophoridae

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1815Veneridae Rafinesque
1838Cythereinae Gray
1900Cooperellidae Dall
1904Veneridae Glenn p. 304
1923Veneridae Clark and Arnold p. 146
1928Paphiinae Finlay
1931Veneridae Olsson p. 56
1936Chionidae Frizzell
1937Veneridae Popenoe p. 391
1957Veneridae Rivera p. 195
1980Veneridae Vokes p. 166
1980Cooperellidae Vokes p. 179
1983Veneridae Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 98
1984Veneridae Squires p. 50
1987Veneridae Squires p. 68
1987Veneridae Ward and Blackwelder p. 130
YearName and Author
1988Veneridae Squires p. 19
1990Veneridae Beu et al. p. 400
1991Veneridae Gordillo p. 129
1992Veneridae Ward p. 100
1999Veneridae Squires p. 27
2000Veneridae Coan et al. p. 259
2001Veneridae Todd
2005Veneridae Gardner p. 360
2006Veneridae Bieler and Mikkelsen
2009Cooperellidae Nevesskaja
2009Veneridae Nevesskaja
2010Veneridae Bouchet et al.
2010Veneridae Matsubara et al. p. 135
2011Veneridae Carter et al. p. 16
2012Veneridae Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 749
2015Veneridae Hickman p. 32

References

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue
Glenn L. C. (1904) Pelecypoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 274-401
Clark B. L., Arnold R. (1923) Fauna of the Sooke Formation Vancouver Island, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 14 5, 123-234
Olsson A. A. (1931) Contributions to the Tertiary Paleontology of Northern Peru: Part 4, The Peruvian Oligocene, Bulletins of American Paleontology 17 63
Popenoe W. P. (1937) Upper Cretaceous Mollusca from Southern California, Journal of Paleontology 11 5, 379-402
Rivera R. (1957) Moluscos fosiles de la Formacion Paracas, Dpto. de Ica, Sociedad Geologica del Peru Primer Congreso Nacional de Geologia Anales - Parte II 32, 165-219
Gliozzi E., Malatesta A. (1983) I molluschi del Paleocene di Baixa Chinhauanine nel bacino del Rio Massintonto (Maputo - Mozambico), Geologica Romana 22, 85-145
Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76
Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93
Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283
Squires R. L. (1988) Eocene Macropaleontology of Northern Lockwood Valley, Ventura County, California, Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) 398, 1-23
Beu A. G., Maxwell P.A., et al (1990) Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58
Gordillo S. (1991) Paleoecologia de moluscos marinos del Holoceno medio de Isla Gable, Canal Beagle, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, Ameghiniana 28 1-2, 127-133
Ward L. W. (1992) Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America, Virginia Museum of Natural History 2
Coan E. V., Scott P. V., et al (2000) Bivalve seashells of western North America, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural history Monographs 2, 1-764
Todd J. A. (2001) Systematic list of bivalves in the Panama Paleontology Project collections, [http://eusmilia.geology.uiowa.edu/database/bivalves/systemat/bivaltax.htm#list]
Gardner R. (2005) Middle-Late Jurassic bivalves of the superfamily Veneoridea from New Zealand and New Caledonia, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 48, 325-376
Bieler R., Mikkelsen P. M. (2006) Bivalvia - a look at the branches, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148, 223-235
Nevesskaja L. A. (2009) Principles of Systematics and the System of Bivalves, Paleontological Journal 43 1, 1-11 doi:10.1134/S0031030109010018
Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201
Matsubara T., Kurita H., et al (2010) Eocene Mollusca from the Tainohata Formation in Kobe City, southwest Japan, Paleontological Research 14 2, 119-144 doi:10.2517/1342-8144-14.2.119
Carter J. G., Altaba C. R., et al (2011) A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca), University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Paleontological Contributions 4, 1-47
Coan E. V., Valentich-Scott P. (2012) Bivalve Seashells of Tropical West America. Marine Bivalve Mollusks from Baja California to Northern Peru, Santa Barbara museum of Natural history monographs 6, 1-1258
Hickman C. S. (2015) Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part III: The heteroconchs, PaleoBios 32, 1-44
Jukes-Brown A.D. 1914. A synopsis of the family Veneridae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 11(1): 58-74; 11(2): 75-94 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Kappner, I.; Bieler, R. (2006). Phylogeny of venus clams (Bivalvia: Venerinae) as inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 40(2): 317-331. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Chen, J.; Li, Q.; Kong, L.; Zheng, X. (2011). Molecular phylogeny of venus clams (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneridae) with emphasis on the systematic position of taxa along the coast of mainland China. Zoologica Scripta. 40(3): 260-271. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Vaught, K.C.; Tucker Abbott, R.; Boss, K.J. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne. ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Bieler R., Carter J.G. & Coan E.V. (2010). Classification of Bivalve families. Pp. 113-133, in: Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families. Malacologia 52(2): 1-184. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Glover, E. A.; Taylor, J. D. (2010). Needles and pins: acicular crystalline periostracal calcification in venerid bivalves (Bivalvia: Veneridae). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 76(2): 157-179. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
WoRMS (2012) Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.eu/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Rafinesque, C.S. (1815) Analyse de la Nature, ou tableau de I'Univers et des Corps Organises - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Coan, Eugene V., Paul Valentich Scott, and Frank R. Bernard, 2000: Bivalve Seashells of Western North America: Marine Bivalve Mollusks from Arctic Alaska to Baja California. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monographs, Number 2; Studies in Biodiversity, Number 2. viii + 764. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Jukes-Brown A.D. 1914. A synopsis of the family Veneridae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 11(1): 58-74; 11(2): 75-94 - via World Register of Marine Species
Kappner, I.; Bieler, R. (2006). Phylogeny of venus clams (Bivalvia: Venerinae) as inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 40(2): 317-331. - via World Register of Marine Species
Millard, V., 1997: null. Classification of Mollusca: A classification of world wide Mollusca. 1-544. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Chen, J.; Li, Q.; Kong, L.; Zheng, X. (2011). Molecular phylogeny of venus clams (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Veneridae) with emphasis on the systematic position of taxa along the coast of mainland China. Zoologica Scripta. 40(3): 260-271. - via World Register of Marine Species
Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. 2 vols, 1258 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species
Vaught, K.C.; Tucker Abbott, R.; Boss, K.J. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne. ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species
Bieler R., Carter J.G. & Coan E.V. (2010). Classification of Bivalve families. Pp. 113-133, in: Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (2010), Nomenclator of Bivalve Families. Malacologia 52(2): 1-184. - via World Register of Marine Species
Glover, E. A.; Taylor, J. D. (2010). Needles and pins: acicular crystalline periostracal calcification in venerid bivalves (Bivalvia: Veneridae). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 76(2): 157-179. - via World Register of Marine Species
Vaught, K. C. / Abbott, Robert T. and Kenneth J. Boss, 1989: null. A classification of the living Mollusca. xii+195. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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