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Tilleyite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About TilleyiteHide

00013670014947008258999.jpg
Cecil Edgar Tilley
Formula:
Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2
Colour:
Colourless, white
Lustre:
Vitreous, Dull
Specific Gravity:
2.838
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named after Cecil Edgar Tilley (May 14, 1894 Unley, Adelaide, South Australia - January 24, 1973 Cambridge, UK), Professor of Petrology, University of Cambridge (England).
This page provides mineralogical data about Tilleyite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
3964
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3964:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
68e774fa-8455-415c-bd47-dd5814fd38a5

IMA Classification of TilleyiteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca5Si2O7(CO3)2
First published:
1933

Classification of TilleyiteHide

9.BE.82

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
56.2.9.1

56 : SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O
2 : Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and/or >[4] coordination
17.4.1

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
4 : Silicates with carbonates

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
TlyIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
TlyWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
TilThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of TilleyiteHide

Vitreous, Dull
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, white
Streak:
White
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {201}; poor on {100} and {010}; very poor on
{001}.
Density:
2.838 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.88 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of TilleyiteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.605 - 1.617 nβ = 1.626 - 1.635 nγ = 1.651 - 1.654
2V:
Measured: 85° to 89°, Calculated: 88° to 90°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.046
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v
Comments:
Y = b; X Λ c = 24°; Z Λ a = 38°.

Chemistry of TilleyiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2

Crystallography of TilleyiteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/a
Cell Parameters:
a = 15.108(3) Å, b = 10.241(1) Å, c = 7.579(1) Å
β = 105.17(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.475 : 1 : 0.74
Unit Cell V:
1,131.77 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Twinning:
On {100} simple; rarely, lamellar.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0006060TilleyiteGrice J D (2005) The structure of spurrite, tilleyite and scawtite, and relationships to other silicate-carbonate minerals The Canadian Mineralogist 43 1489-15002005Cornet Hill, Apuseni Mountains, Romania0293
0009150TilleyiteSmith J V (1953) The crystal structure of tilleyite Acta Crystallographica 6 9-1819530293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.01 Å(100)
3.10 Å(60)
1.896 Å(45)
2.982 Å(40)
2.803 Å(40)
2.100 Å(40)
3.19 Å(30)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)

Type Occurrence of TilleyiteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
White patches
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 97301.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 97246.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Contact metamorphic zone between igneous rocks and limestones; low pressure and high temperature.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Larsen, E.S., Dunham, K.C. (1933) Tilleyite, a new mineral from the contact zone at Crestmore, California. American Mineralogist: 18: 469-473.

Other Language Names for TilleyiteHide

German:Tilleyit
Spanish:Tilleyita

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Tilleyite associated with VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
4 photos of Tilleyite associated with WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
3 photos of Tilleyite associated with CalciteCaCO3
1 photo of Tilleyite associated with MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4
1 photo of Tilleyite associated with DiopsideCaMgSi2O6

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.BE.ParalomonosoviteNa64Ti4(Si2O7)2[PO3OH][PO2(OH)2]O2(OF)Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.CámaraiteBa3Na(Fe2+,Mn)8Ti4(Si2O7)4O4(OH,F)7Tric. 1
9.BE.Christofschäferite-(Ce)Ce3CaMnTiFe(3+)Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BE.BobshannoniteNa2KBa(Mn,Na)8(Nb,Ti)4(Si2O7)4O4(OH)4(O,F)2Tric.
9.BE.Calciomurmanite(Na,◻)2Ca(Ti,Mg,Nb)4[Si2O7]2O2(OH,O)2(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.Batievaite-(Y)Y2Ca2Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.Delhuyarite-(Ce)Ce4Mg(Fe3+,W)3◻(Si2O7)2O6(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.XAsimowiteFe2+4O(Si2O7)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
9.BE.MoxuanxueiteNaCa6Zr(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.Alexkuznetsovite-(Ce)Ce2Mn(CO3)(Si2O7)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.Biraite-(La)La2Fe2+(CO3)(Si2O7)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.ZinkgruvaniteBa4Mn2+4Fe3+2(Si2O7)2(SO4)2O2(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.MadeiraiteNa2Ca2Fe2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.BortolaniteCa2(Ca1.5Zr0.5)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.Nacareniobsite-(Y)Na3Ca3YNb(Si2O7)2OF3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.PilanesbergiteNa2Ca2Fe2Ti2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.AlfredcaspariteSr2TiO(Si2O7)Tet. 4mm : P4bm
9.BE.02WadsleyiteMg4O(Si2O7)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
9.BE.05HennomartiniteSrMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.05LawsoniteCaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.05NoelbensoniteBaMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mm2
9.BE.05ItoigawaiteSrAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.05CortesognoiteCaV2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.07IlvaiteCaFe3+Fe2+2(Si2O7)O(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.BE.07ManganilvaiteCaFe2+Fe3+Mn2+(Si2O7)O(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.07Amamoorite CaMn2+2Mn3+(Si2O7)O(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.10SuoluniteCa2(H2Si2O7) · H2OOrth. mm2 : Fdd2
9.BE.12JaffeiteCa6(Si2O7)(OH)6Trig. 3 : P3
9.BE.15FresnoiteBa2Ti(Si2O7)OTet. 4mm : P4bm
9.BE.17BaghdaditeCa6Zr2(Si2O7)2O4Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17BurpaliteNa2CaZr(Si2O7)F2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17HiortdahliteNa2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.17Janhaugite(Na,Ca)3(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(Ti,Zr,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BE.17LåveniteNa2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17Niocalite(Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2Mon. m
9.BE.17NormanditeNaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb,Zr)(Si2O7)OFMon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.17WöhleriteNa2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3FMon. 2 : P21
9.BE.20Mosandrite-(Ce)(Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.50.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.20Nacareniobsite-(Ce)Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.20Roumaite(Ca,Na,REE,◻)7(Nb,Ti)[Si2O7]2OF3Mon. m : Bb
9.BE.20Rinkite-(Y)Na2Ca4YTi(Si2O7)2OF3Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.22GötzeniteNaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22Hainite-(Y)Na2Ca4(Y,REE)Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22RosenbuschiteNa6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22KochiteNa3Ca2MnZrTi(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.22Fogoite-(Y)Na3Ca2Y2Ti(Si2O7)2OF3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.23DovyreniteCa6Zr(Si2O7)2(OH)4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
9.BE.25Barytolamprophyllite(Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F)Mon.
9.BE.25EricssoniteBaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH)Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.25Lamprophyllite(Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2Mon. 2/m
9.BE.25Ericssonite-2OBaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH)Orth.
9.BE.25SeidozeriteNa4MnZr2Ti(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
9.BE.25Nabalamprophyllite(BaNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
9.BE.25GrenmariteNa4MnZr3(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : P2/b
9.BE.25SchülleriteBa2Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.25KazanskyiteBaNa3Ti2Nb(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.25LileyiteBa2(Na,Fe,Ca)3MgTi2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.25EmmerichiteBa2Na(Na,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Mg)Ti2(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.25SaamiteBa◻Na3Ti2Nb(Si2O7)2O2(OH)F(H2O)2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.25FluorlamprophylliteNa3(SrNa)Ti3(Si2O7)2O2F2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.25Fluorbarytolamprophyllite(Ba,Sr)2[(Na,Fe2+)3(Ti,Mg)F2][Ti2(Si2O7)2O2]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.27MurmaniteNa2Ti2(Si2O7)O2 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.BE.27VigrishiniteNaZnTi4(Si2O7)2O3(OH)(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.27KolskyiteCaNa2Ti4(Si2O7)2O4(H2O)7Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.27SelivanovaiteNaFe3+Ti4(Si2O7)2O4(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.30Epistolite(Na◻)Nb2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2(H2O)4Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.32LomonosoviteNa5Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)O2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.35VuonnemiteNa11Ti4+Nb2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O3(F,OH)Tric.
9.BE.37SoboleviteNa13Ca2Mn2Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4)4O3F3Mon. m : Pb
9.BE.40Innelite Ba4Ti2Na(NaMn2+)Ti(Si2O7)2[(SO4)(PO4)]O2[O(OH)]Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.40PhosphoinneliteNa3Ba4Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4,SO4)2O2FTric.
9.BE.42YoshimuraiteBa2Mn2Ti(Si2O7)(PO4)O(OH)Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.45QuadruphiteNa6Na2(CaNa)2Na2Ti2Na2Ti2(Si2O7)2(PO4)4O4F2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.47PolyphiteNa5(Na4Ca2)Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)3O2F2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.50BornemaniteNa6BaTi2Nb(Si2O7)2(PO4)O2(OH)F Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.50Shkatulkalite Na2Nb2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(FO)(H2O)4(H2O)3Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.55BafertisiteBa2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2Tric.
9.BE.55HejtmaniteBa2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2Tric. 1
9.BE.55Bykovaite(Ba,Na,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(H2O,F,OH)2 · 3.5H2OMon. 2/m
9.BE.55Nechelyustovite(Ba,Sr,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(O,H2O,F)2 · 4.5H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.60Delindeite(Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.62Orthochevkinite(Ce,La,Ca,Na,Th)4(Fe2+,Mg)2(Ti,Fe3+)3Si4O22Orth.
9.BE.62 vaStrontium Perrierite(Ce,Sr,La,Ca)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr,Fe)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
9.BE.62Chevkinite-(Nd)(Nd,REE)4(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe2+,Ti,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+)2(Si2O7)2O8 ?
9.BE.62Perrierite-(Nd)Nd4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 ?
9.BE.65BusseniteNa2Ba2Fe2+Ti(Si2O7)(CO3)(OH)3FTric. 1 : P1
9.BE.67JinshajiangiteBaNaFe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2FTric. 1 : P1
9.BE.67PerraultiteBaNaMn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2FTric. 1
9.BE.70Karnasurtite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Th)(Ti,Nb)(Al,Fe)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2OAmor.
9.BE.70Perrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Strontiochevkinite(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Chevkinite-(Ce)Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Polyakovite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)4(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr3+,Fe3+)2(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.70RengeiteSr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70MatsubaraiteSr4Ti5(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Dingdaohengite-(Ce)(Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70Maoniupingite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,◻)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.70Perrierite-(La)(La,Ce,Ca)4(Fe2+,Mn)(Ti,Fe3+,Al)4[(Si2O7)O4]2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.70UM2008-53-SiO:SrTiZrSr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
9.BE.70Hezuolinite(Sr,REE)4Zr(Ti,Fe3+)4(Si2O7)2O8Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BE.72FersmaniteCa4(Na,Ca)4(Ti,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8F3Tric.
9.BE.75BelkoviteBa3(Nb,Ti)6(Si2O7)2O12Hex. 6 m2 : P62m
9.BE.77NasonitePb6Ca4(Si2O7)3Cl2Hex. 6/m : P63/m
9.BE.80KentrolitePb2Mn3+2(Si2O7)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcm
9.BE.80MelanotekitePb2Fe3+2(Si2O7)O2Orth. 2 2 2 : C2 2 21
9.BE.82Alexkuznetsovite-(La)La2Mn(CO3)(Si2O7)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.85KillalaiteCa6.4(H0.6Si2O7)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BE.87Stavelotite-(La)(La,Nd,Ca)3Mn2+3Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30Trig. 3 : P31
9.BE.90Biraite-(Ce)Ce2Fe2+(Si2O7)(CO3)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BE.90Magnesiorowlandite-(Y)Y4(Mg,Fe)(Si2O7)2F2Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.92Cervandonite-(Ce)(Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+,Fe2+,Ti,Al)3O2(Si2O7)(As3+O3)(OH)Trig. 3m : R3m
9.BE.92Chirvinskyite(Na,Ca)13(Fe,Mn,◻)2(Ti,Zr)5(Si2O7)4(OH,O)12 · 2H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.BE.95BatisiviteBaV3+8Ti6(Si2O7)O22Tric. 1 : P1
9.BE.95RusinoviteCa10(Si2O7)3Cl2 Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.BE.97Schlüterite-(Y)(Y,REE)2AlSi2O7(OH)2FMon. 2/m : P21/b

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Effervesces vigorously with cold dilute hydrochloric acid, and gelatinizes.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TilleyiteHide

References for TilleyiteHide

Localities for TilleyiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • Queensland
    • Mareeba Shire
      • Chillagoe
Rubenach et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Ireland
 
  • Leinster
    • Louth County
      • Carlingford
S. R. Nockolds and H. G. C. Vincent (1947)
Japan
 
  • Hiroshima Prefecture
    • Shoubara City
Kusachi et al (1971)
Yamada (2004)
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Kamaishi City
Anthony et al. (1990)
    • Oshu City
      • Esashi ward
Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference
  • Okayama Prefecture
    • Takahashi City
      • Bitchū
        • Fuka
Henmi et al. (1973) +1 other reference
Jordan
 
  • Amman Governorate
    • Transjordan Plateau
      • Daba-Siwaqa complex
        • Hashem region
          • Lisdan-Siwaga Fault
Fleurance et al. (2013)
            • Siwaga
              • Tulul al Hammam
Sokol +9 other references
Norway
 
  • Telemark
    • Skien
Jamtveit et al. (1997)
Romania
 
  • Caraş-Severin County
Constantinescu et al. (1988b) +3 other references
  • Hunedoara County
    • Brad
The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 39 (2001)
Canadian Mineralogist: 39: 1435-1453. +2 other references
Marincea et al. (2001) +2 other references
Russia
 
  • Krasnoyarsk Krai
    • Evenkiysky District
Sokol et al. (2019) +1 other reference
      • Nizhnyaya Tunguska River Basin
Reverdatto et al. (1979)
Tanzania
 
  • Arusha region
    • Ngorongoro District
Mineralogical Magazine 1997 61 : 779-789 +1 other reference
Turkey
 
  • Rize Province
Taner et al. (2013)
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Highland
      • Caol and Mallaig
        • Isle of Muck
Tilley (1947)
      • Eilean á Chèo
        • Isle of Skye
Beard et al. (2007)
      • Fort William and Ardnamurchan
        • Ardnamurchan
Agrell (1965)
USA (TL)
 
  • California
    • Riverside County
      • Jurupa Valley
        • Crestmore
Larsen et al. (1933)
            • Sky Blue Hill
American Mineralogist: 26: 367. +2 other references
  • New Mexico
    • Sierra County
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • Texas
    • Brewster County
      • Christmas Mountains
Rocks & Minerals (1991)
    • Culberson County
      • Apache Peak area
Rocks & Minerals: 66 (3)
 
and/or  
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