Also known as Bulfat Group. Phyllites (Walash Group), limestones, greenstones, epidote-bearing schist. Cu mineralization.

Ophiolite sequence extending over c. 100 km². Age is probably Paleogene (Jassim et al., 2006).

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ⓘ var. Copper-bearing Pyrite

ⓘ Quartz

9 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu₂S

Locality: Bir Achminda - Benosa, Rawandiz, Rawanduz District, Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

Locality: Bir Achminda - Benosa, Rawandiz, Rawanduz District, Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: {Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)

Locality: Jira village, Qaladiza, Pshdar District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Hastingsite

Formula: NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Locality: Bir Achminda - Benosa, Rawandiz, Rawanduz District, Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂

Localities:

Jira village, Qaladiza, Pshdar District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq
Bir Achminda - Benosa, Rawandiz, Rawanduz District, Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Reference: JASSIM, Z., Waldhausrova, J., & Suk, M. (1982). Evolution of magmatic activity in Iraqi Zagros complexes. Krystalinikum, (16), 87-108. Jassim, S. Z., Suk, M., & Waldhausrova, J. (2006). Magmatism and metamorphism in the Zagros Suture. Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 212-231.; JASSIM, Z., Waldhausrova, J., & Suk, M. (1982). Evolution of magmatic activity in Iraqi Zagros complexes. Krystalinikum, (16), 87-108. Jassim, S. Z., Suk, M., & Waldhausrova, J. (2006). Magmatism and metamorphism in the Zagros Suture. Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 212-231.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

Locality: Jira village, Qaladiza, Pshdar District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Pyrite var. Copper-bearing Pyrite

Formula: (Fe,Cu)S₂

Locality: Jira village, Qaladiza, Pshdar District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

Locality: Bir Achminda - Benosa, Rawandiz, Rawanduz District, Erbil Governorate, Iraq

Reference: Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Chalcocite	2.BA.05	Cu₂S
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	var. Copper-bearing Pyrite	2.EB.05a	(Fe,Cu)S₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Malachite	5.BA.10	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Chrysocolla	9.ED.20	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
ⓘ	Hastingsite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Orthoclase	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
H	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
H	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
O	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Al	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Si	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Pyrite var. Copper-bearing Pyrite	(Fe,Cu)S₂
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Orthoclase	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	{Ca₂}{Al₂Fe³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite var. Copper-bearing Pyrite	(Fe,Cu)S₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Hastingsite	NaCa₂(Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂OH₂
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
Cu	ⓘ Pyrite var. Copper-bearing Pyrite	(Fe,Cu)S₂
Cu	ⓘ Chalcocite	Cu₂S
Cu	ⓘ Chrysocolla	Cu_2-xAl_x(H_2-xSi₂O₅)(OH)₄ · nH₂O, x < 1

References

Sort by

Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)

Yassin, S.Z., Goff, J.C. (Eds.) (2006): Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 337 pp.

Jassim, S. Z., Suk, M., & Waldhausrova, J. (2006). Magmatism and metamorphism in the Zagros Suture. Geology of Iraq. Dolin, Prague and Moravian Museum, Brno, 212-231.

JASSIM, Z., Waldhausrova, J., & Suk, M. (1982). Evolution of magmatic activity in Iraqi Zagros complexes. Krystalinikum, (16), 87-108.

Woolley A.R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe, p.135

Localities in this Region

Iraq

Erbil Governorate
- Rawanduz District
  - Rawandiz
    - Bir Achminda - Benosa
Sulaymaniyah Governorate
- Pshdar District
  - Qaladiza
    - Jira village

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Arabian Plate

Zagros Foldbelt basinBasin

Asia

Zagros MountainsMountain Range

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

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Bulfat Complex, Iraq i
Regional Level Types
Bulfat Complex Complex
Iraq Country