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Heterodontosauridae ✝

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Description

Heterodontosauridae is a family of early ornithischian dinosaurs that were likely among the most basal (primitive) members of the group. Although their fossils are relatively rare and their group small in numbers, they lived across all continents except Australia for approximately 100 million years, from the Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterodontosauridae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4823095	https://www.gbif.org/species/4823095
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38722	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38722

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Heterodontosauridae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Ornithischia
family	Heterodontosauridae	Romer 1966

Common Name

heterodontosaurid

Scientific Name

Heterodontosauridae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	implied	Romer, 1966
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1966
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Ellenberger, 1970
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Galton, 1972
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Dolichopoda	stated without evidence	Thulborn, 1974
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Galton, 1974
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Dolichopoda	stated without evidence	Thulborn, 1977
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Heterodontosauria	stated without evidence	Rozhdestvensky, 1977
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Anderson and Cruickshank, 1978
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornitophoda	stated with evidence	Bonaparte, 1978
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	implied	Benton, 1979
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Santa Luca, 1980
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Ostrom, 1980
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Hypsilophodontia	stated without evidence	Russell, 1984
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Olsen and Galton, 1984
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Buscalioni and Sanz, 1984
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Heterodontosauria	stated without evidence	Cooper, 1985
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Maryanska and Osmólska, 1985
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Bakker, 1986
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	implied	Carroll, 1988
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Norman, 1989
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated with evidence	Benton, 1990
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1997
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Knoll, 2005
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Heterodontosauriformes	stated without evidence	Xu et al., 2006
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Chure et al., 2006
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Butler et al., 2007
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithopoda	stated without evidence	Galton, 2007
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Butler et al., 2008
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Zheng et al., 2009
Heterodontosauridae	family	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Han et al., 2012

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

228 - 209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

130 - 125 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Ornithischia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ornithischia)

Diet

herbivore (based on Ornithischia)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Ornithischia)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Ornithischia)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Ornithischia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. S. Romer. 1966. Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition

Common Name(s)

Heterodontosaurid

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterodontosauridae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Heterodontosaurinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Abrictosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Dianchungosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	199 Ma Early Jurassic	199 Ma Early Jurassic
Echinodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	157 Ma Jurassic	145 Ma Late Jurassic
Eocursor ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Fruitadens ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Heterodontosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	201 Ma Early Jurassic	191 Ma Early Jurassic
Lycorhinus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	201 Ma Early Jurassic	199 Ma Early Jurassic
Manidens ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	180 Ma Early Jurassic	180 Ma Early Jurassic
Pegomastax ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Tianyulong ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	168 Ma Middle Jurassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Heterosontosauridae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterosontosauridae
Lycorhinidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Lycorhinidae
Geranosaurus atavus Broom, 1911	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Heterodontosauridae : *Geranosaurus atavus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1911	Geranosaurus Broom
1911	Geranosaurus atavus Broom
1911	Geranosaurus Broom pp. 306-307
1911	Geranosaurus atavus Broom pp. 306-307
1913	Geranosaurus Broom p. 364
1913	Geranosaurus atavus Broom p. 364
1914	Geranosaurus Huene p. 16
1914	Geranosaurus atavus Huene p. 16
1924	Geranosaurus Haughton
1924	Geranosaurus atavus Haughton
1924	Geranosaurus Lull p. 238
1928	Geranosaurus Nopcsa p. 184
1936	Geranosaurus atavus Swinton p. 572
1940	Geranosaurus Huene p. 263
1940	Geranosaurus atavus Huene p. 263
1954	Geranosaurus Haughton and Brink p. 4
1954	Geranosaurus atavus Haughton and Brink p. 38
1956	Geranosaurus Romer p. 628
1960	Geranosaurus Ellenberger and Ellenberger p. 237
1962	Geranosaurus Crompton and Charig pp. 1074-1075
1962	Geranosaurus atavus Crompton and Charig pp. 1074-1075
1964	Geranosaurus Kuhn p. 6
1964	Geranosaurus atavus Kuhn p. 6
1964	Geranosaurus Tatarinov p. 555
1965	Geranosaurus Simmons p. 68
1965	Geranosaurus atavus Simmons p. 68
1966	Heterodontosauridae Kuhn p. 101
1966	Geranosaurus Romer p. 370
1966	Heterodontosauridae Romer p. 370
1970	Heterodontosauridae Ellenberger p. 348
1970	Geranosaurus Ellenberger p. 350
1970	Geranosaurus atavus Ellenberger p. 350
1970	Geranosaurus Swinton p. 196
1971	Lycorhinidae Thulborn p. 76 fig. 4
1972	Geranosaurus Galton p. 466
1972	Heterodontosauridae Galton p. 466
1972	Geranosaurus Thulborn p. 57
1974	Geranosaurus Galton p. 150
1974	Heterodontosauridae Galton pp. 150-151
1974	Geranosaurus Galton p. 1064 fig. 6
1974	Heterodontosauridae Galton p. 1064 fig. 6
1974	Heterodontosauridae Thulborn p. 153
1975	Geranosaurus atavus Thulborn p. 129
1977	Heterodontosauridae Rozhdestvensky p. 113
1977	Heterodontosauridae Thulborn p. 737

Year	Name and Author
1978	Geranosaurus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1978	Heterodontosauridae Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1978	Heterodontosauridae Bonaparte p. 331
1978	Heterodontosauridae Thuborn p. 187
1979	Heterodontosauridae Benton p. 143
1980	Heterodontosauridae Ostrom p. 22
1980	Heterodontosauridae Santa Luca p. 197
1981	Geranosaurus Colbert p. 50
1981	Heterodontosauridae Colbert p. 50
1983	Heterodontosauridae Galton p. 6
1983	Geranosaurus Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1983	Geranosaurus atavus Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1983	Heterodontosauridae Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1984	Heterosontosauridae Buscalioni and Sanz p. 13
1984	Heterodontosauridae Norman pp. 160-161 fig. 2
1984	Geranosaurus Olsen and Galton p. 91
1984	Geranosaurus atavus Olsen and Galton p. 91
1984	Heterodontosauridae Olsen and Galton p. 91
1984	Heterodontosauridae Russell p. 29
1985	Heterodontosauridae Cooper p. 290
1985	Heterodontosauridae Maryanska and Osmólska p. 142 fig. 1
1986	Heterodontosauridae Bakker p. 461
1986	Geranosaurus Battail p. 50
1986	Heterodontosauridae Battail p. 50
1988	Geranosaurus Carroll
1988	Heterodontosauridae Carroll
1989	Heterodontosauridae Norman p. 60
1990	Heterodontosauridae Benton p. 19
1990	Heterodontosauridae Weishampel and Witmer p. 487
1997	Heterodontosauridae Sereno p. 443
1997	Heterodontosauridae Smith p. 317
1998	Heterodontosauridae Sereno p. 61
1999	Heterodontosauridae Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2004	Heterodontosauridae Norman et al. p. 394
2005	Heterodontosauridae Knoll p. 85
2006	Heterodontosauridae Chure et al. p. 237
2006	Heterodontosauridae Xu et al. p. 2139 fig. 3
2007	Heterodontosauridae Butler et al. p. 2044
2007	Heterodontosauridae Galton p. 26
2007	Heterodontosauridae Sánchez-Hernández et al. p. 200
2008	Heterodontosauridae Butler et al. p. 18 figs. 2-4
2009	Heterodontosauridae Zheng et al. p. 333
2012	Heterodontosauridae Han et al. p. 1391 fig. 14
2012	Heterodontosauridae Sereno pp. 29-30
2018	Heterodontosauridae Madzia et al. p. 973 fig. 4

References

Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468

Broom R. (1911) On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa, Annals of the South African Museum 7 4, 291-308

Broom R. (1913) A revision of the reptiles of the Karroo, Annals of the South African Museum 7 6, 361-366

Huene F. v. (1914) I: Animalia. Pars 4. Saurischia et Ornithischia triadica (“Dinosauria” triadica), 1-20

Haughton S. H. (1924) The fauna and stratigraphy of the Stormberg Series, Annals of the South African Museum 12, 323-497

Nopcsa B. F. (1928) The genera of reptiles, Palaeobiologica 1, 163-188

Haughton S. H., Brink A. S. (1954) A bibliographical list of Reptilia from the Karroo Beds of South Africa, Palaeontologia Africana 2, 1-187

Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772

Ellenberger F., Ellenberger P. (1960) Sur une nouvelle dalle à pistes de Vertébrés, decouverte au Basutoland (Afrique du Sud) [On a new find of vertebrate prints, discovered in Basutoland (South Africa)], Comptes Rendus de la Société géologique de France 1960, 236-238

Crompton A. W., Charig A. J. (1962) A new ornithischian from the Upper Triassic of South Africa, Nature 196, 1074-1077

Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589

Simmons D. J. (1965) The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China, Fieldiana: Geology 15 1, 1-93

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Ellenberger P. (1970) Les niveaux paléontologiques de première apparition des mammifères primoridaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Supérieur à Jurassique) [The paleontological levels of the first appearance of primordial mammals in southern Africa and their ichnology. Establishment of detailed stratigraphic zones in the Stormberg of Lesotho (southern Africa) (Upper Triassic to Jurassic)., In: S. H. Haughton (ed.), Second Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, International Union of Geological Sciences. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 343-370

Swinton W. E. (1970) , The Dinosaurs, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1-331

Galton P. M. (1972) Classification and evolution of ornithopod dinosaurs, Nature 239, 464-466

Galton P. M. (1974) The ornithischian dinosaur Hypsilophodon from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History 25, 1-152

Galton P. M. (1974) Notes on Thescelosaurus, a conservative ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of North America, with comments on ornithopod classification, Journal of Paleontology 48 5, 1048-1067

Thulborn R. A. (1974) A new heterodontosaurid dinosaur (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from the Upper Triassic red beds of Lesotho, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 55, 151-175

Thulborn R. A. (1975) Teeth of ornithischian dinosaurs from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal, with description of a hypsilophodontid (Phyllodon henkeli gen. et sp. nov.) from the Guimarota lignite, Contribuição para o conhecimento da Fauna do Kimerridgiano da Mina de Lignito Guimarota (Leiria, Portugal). Serviços Geológicos de Portugal, Memória (Nova Série) 22, 89-134

Rozhdestvensky A. K. (1977) The study of dinosaurs in Asia, Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 20, 102-119

Bonaparte J. F. (1978) El Mesozoico de America de Sur y sus Tetrapodos [The Mesozoic of South America and its tetrapods], Opera Lilloana 26, 1-596

Ostrom J. H. (1980) The evidence for endothermy in dinosaurs, In E. C. Olson & R. D. K. Thomas (eds.), A Cold Look at the Warm-Blooded Dinosaurs. AAAS Selected Symposium 28. Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 15-54

Colbert E. H. (1981) A primitive ornithischian dinosaur from the Kayenta Formation of Arizona, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 53, 1-61

Galton P. M. (1983) Armored dinosaurs (Ornithischia: Ankylosauria) from the Middle and Upper Jurassic of Europe, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 182 1-3, 1-25

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Olsen P. E., Galton P. M. (1984) A review of the reptile and amphibian assemblages from the Stormberg of southern Africa, with special emphasis on the footprints and the age of the Stormberg, Palaeontologia Africana 25, 87-110

Russell D. A. (1984) A check list of the families and genera of North American dinosaurs, Syllogeus 53, 1-35

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Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

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Han F.-L., Barrett P. M., et al (2012) Postcranial anatomy of Jeholosaurus shangyuanensis (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32 6, 1370-1395 doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694385

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Madzia D., Boyd C. A., et al (2018) A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 16 11, 967-979 doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258

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Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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