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Camarasaurus ✝

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Description

Camarasaurus (KAM-ər-ə-SAWR-əs) was a genus of quadrupedal, herbivorous dinosaurs. It was the most common of the giant sauropods to be found in North America. Its fossil remains have been found in the Morrison Formation of Colorado and Utah, dating to the Late Jurassic epoch (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian stages), between 155 and 145 million years ago.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camarasaurus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4822799	https://www.gbif.org/species/4822799
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38697	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38697

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Camarasauridae : Camarasaurus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Camarasauridae : Camarasaurus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Eusaurischia	Padian et al. 1999
-	Sauropodomorpha
-	Massopoda	Yates 2007
-	Sauropodiformes	Martinez et al. 2011
-	Sauropoda
-	Eusauropoda	Upchurch 1995
-	Neosauropoda	Bonaparte 1986
-	Macronaria	Sereno 1997
-	Camarasauromorpha	Salgado et al. 1997
family	Camarasauridae	Cope 1877
genus	Camarasaurus	Cope 1877

Scientific Name

Camarasaurus Cope, 1877

Name Published In

Pal. Bull., No. 25

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Cope, 1877
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Cope, 1878
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Sauropoda	stated without evidence	Williston, 1878
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Atlantosauridae	stated without evidence	Sauvage, 1882
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated with evidence	Zittel, 1890
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Cetiosauridae	stated without evidence	Cope, 1891
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated without evidence	Marsh, 1895
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Cetiosauridae	stated without evidence	Cope, 1898
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated without evidence	Marsh, 1898
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Atlantosauridae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated without evidence	Huene, 1908
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Opisthocoelia	stated without evidence	Osborn and Mook, 1919
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Sauropoda	stated without evidence	Joleaud, 1922
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated with evidence	Lull, 1924
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated without evidence	Huene, 1927
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasaurinae	stated with evidence	Nopcsa, 1928
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Morosauridae	stated with evidence	Huene, 1929
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Lapparent, 1943
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasaurinae	implied	Romer, 1956
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Brachiosauridae	stated with evidence	Tatarinov, 1964
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Brachiosauridae	implied	Romer, 1966
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasaurinae	stated without evidence	Steel, 1970
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Galton, 1977
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Titanosauridae	stated without evidence	Madsen and Miller, 1979
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	McIntosh, 1981
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasaurinae	stated without evidence	Coombs and Molnar, 1981
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Santafé et al., 1982
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Bonaparte, 1986
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Bonaparte, 1986
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	McIntosh, 1990
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasaurinae	stated with evidence	McIntosh, 1990
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Miller et al., 1991
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Upchurch, 1995
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Upchurch, 1995
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Brachiosauria	stated without evidence	Upchurch, 1997
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Dodson, 1997
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1997
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Dong, 1998
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated without evidence	Wilson and Sereno, 1998
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Bonaparte, 1999
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1999
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated without evidence	Sereno et al., 1999
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Wilson, 2002
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Upchurch et al., 2004
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Foster, 2005
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated without evidence	Apesteguía, 2005
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated without evidence	Chure et al., 2006
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauromorpha	stated with evidence	Royo-Torres et al., 2006
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Eusauropoda	stated without evidence	Upchurch et al., 2007
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Allain and Aquesbi, 2008
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauromorpha	stated with evidence	Sekiya, 2011
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Whitlock, 2011
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Eusauropoda	stated with evidence	Apaldetti et al., 2013
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Mocho et al., 2014
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Macronaria	stated with evidence	Xing et al., 2015
Camarasaurus	genus	belongs to Camarasauridae	stated with evidence	Mannion et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

164 - 152 Ma
Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

125 - 94 Ma
Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Sauropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Sauropoda)

Diet

herbivore (based on Sauropoda)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Sauropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Sauropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense,thick (based on Sauropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

E. D. Cope. 1877. On a gigantic saurian from the Dakota epoch of Colorado. Paleontological Bulletin 25:5-10

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camarasaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Camarasaurus agilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	157 Ma Jurassic	157 Ma Jurassic
Camarasaurus grandis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	13	157 Ma Jurassic	156 Ma Jurassic
Camarasaurus lentus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	8	157 Ma Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Camarasaurus lewisi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	157 Ma Jurassic	157 Ma Jurassic
Camarasaurus supremus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	157 Ma Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Morosaurus marchei ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Camerasaurus Cope, 1877	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Camarasauridae : *Camerasaurus*
Camarosaurus Cope, 1877	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Camarasauridae : *Camarosaurus*
Mososaurus Marsh, 1878	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Camarasauridae : *Mososaurus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1877	Camarasaurus Cope pp. 2-3
1877	Caulodon Cope pp. 193-194
1878	Camarasaurus Cope
1878	Morosaurus Marsh p. 242
1878	Camerasaurus Williston pp. 44-45
1878	Mososaurus Williston pp. 44-45
1879	Camarosaurus Seeley p. 183
1879	Morosaurus Seeley p. 183
1881	Morosaurus Marsh
1882	Morosaurus Quenstedt p. 188
1882	Camarosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1882	Morosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1884	Camarasaurus Dollo p. 298
1884	Morosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884	Morosaurus Marsh p. 68
1885	Morosaurus Marsh p. 764
1890	Morosaurus Zittel p. 709
1890	Camarosaurus Zittel p. 711
1890	Caulodon Zittel p. 711
1891	Camarasaurus Cope p. 43
1893	Morosaurus Winkler p. 101
1895	Camarasaurus Marsh
1895	Morosaurus Marsh
1895	Caulodon Sauvage p. 467
1896	Morosaurus Depéret p. 184
1896	Camarasaurus Marsh p. 241
1896	Morosaurus Marsh p. 241
1896	Morosaurus Sauvage p. 48
1897	Morosaurus Gadow p. 204
1898	Camarasaurus Cope p. 68
1898	Morosaurus Gadow p. 22
1898	Camarasaurus Marsh p. 158
1898	Morosaurus Marsh p. 158
1898	Morosaurus Sauvage p. 8
1901	Morosaurus Gadow p. 418
1902	Morosaurus Hay p. 483
1902	Caulodon Hay p. 484
1902	Camarasaurus Hay p. 485
1902	Morosaurus Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxvi
1908	Camarosaurus Huene p. 297
1908	Morosaurus Huene p. 297
1908	Camarasaurus Huene p. 347
1908	Morosaurus Huene p. 347
1909	Camarasaurus Huene p. 14
1909	Morosaurus Huene p. 14
1909	Caulodon Huene p. 15
1911	Camarosaurus von Zittel p. 287
1911	Morosaurus von Zittel p. 287
1911	Caulodon von Zittel p. 288
1913	Morosaurus Tornier p. 370
1919	Uintasaurus Holland p. 38
1919	Camarasaurus Osborn and Mook p. 383
1922	Camarosaurus Joleaud p. 62
1924	Camarasaurus Lull p. 234
1924	Morosaurus Lull p. 234
1927	Camarasaurus Huene p. 123
1927	Uintasaurus Huene p. 125
1927	Camarasaurus Huene p. 460
1928	Camarasaurus Nopcsa p. 184
1929	Camarasaurus Huene p. 117
1929	Uintasaurus Huene p. 118
1936	Morosaurus Swinton p. 211
1943	Camarasaurus Lapparent p. 19
1956	Camarasaurus Romer p. 621
1956	Uintasaurus Romer p. 622

Year	Name and Author
1956	Caulodon Romer p. 624
1964	Camarasaurus Tatarinov p. 547
1964	Uintasaurus Tatarinov p. 547
1964	Caulodon Tatarinov p. 549
1966	Camarasaurus Romer p. 370
1970	Camarasaurus Steel p. 72
1970	Uintasaurus Steel p. 79
1970	Caulodon Steel p. 82
1970	Camarasaurus Swinton p. 173
1970	Uintasaurus Swinton p. 178
1977	Camarasaurus Galton p. 230
1979	Camarasaurus Madsen and Miller p. 5
1981	Camarasaurus Coombs, Jr. and Molnar p. 357
1981	Camarasaurus McIntosh p. 12
1982	Camarasaurus Santafé et al. p. 95
1983	Camarasaurus Rich et al. p. 285
1984	Camarasaurus Russell p. 22
1986	Camarasaurus Bonaparte p. 254
1986	Camarasaurus Sanz p. 85
1988	Camarasaurus Carroll
1988	Cathetosaurus Jensen
1990	Camarasaurus McIntosh p. 55
1991	Camarasaurus Miller et al. p. 40
1992	Camarasaurus Mcintosh et al. p. 164
1993	Camarasaurus Hunt and Lucas p. 73
1994	Camarasaurus Carpenter and McIntosh p. 273
1995	Camarasaurus Upchurch p. 253
1995	Cathetosaurus Upchurch p. 253
1995	Camarasaurus Upchurch pp. 377-378
1995	Cathetosaurus Upchurch p. 378
1996	Camarasaurus McIntosh et al. p. 6
1996	Camarasaurus McIntosh et al. p. 74
1997	Camarasaurus Dodson p. 11
1997	Camarasaurus McIntosh p. 656
1997	Camarasaurus Sereno p. 442 fig. 4
1997	Camarasaurus Upchurch p. 82A
1998	Camarasaurus Dong p. 84
1998	Camarasaurus Sereno p. 71 fig. 7
1998	Camarasaurus Wilson and Sereno p. 54 fig. 44
1999	Camarasaurus Bonaparte p. 152
1999	Camarasaurus Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
1999	Camarasaurus Sereno et al. p. 1346 fig. 4
2001	Camarasaurus Smith et al. p. 1705 fig. 3
2002	Camarasaurus Wilson p. 240 fig. 13
2004	Camarasaurus Upchurch et al. p. 266
2005	Camarasaurus Apesteguía p. 257
2005	Camarasaurus Foster p. 143
2005	Camarasaurus Gallina and Apesteguía p. 159 fig. 5
2005	Camarasaurus Ikejiri p. 368
2006	Camarasaurus Chure et al. p. 236
2006	Camarasaurus Moser et al. pp. 45-46 fig. 10
2006	Camarasaurus Royo-Torres et al. p. 1926 fig. 3
2007	Camarasaurus Upchurch et al. p. 62 fig. 3
2008	Camarasaurus Allain and Aquesbi p. 403
2010	Camarasaurus Canudo et al.
2010	Camarasaurus Ksepka and Norell
2010	Camarasaurus Suteethorn et al.
2011	Camarasaurus Sekiya
2011	Camarasaurus Whitlock
2012	Camarasaurus D'Emic
2013	Camarasaurus Apaldetti et al.
2014	Camarasaurus Mocho et al.
2015	Camarasaurus Xing et al.
2016	Camarasaurus Foster and Peterson p. 440
2019	Camarasaurus Mannion et al.

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Cope E. D. On Amphicoelias, a genus of Saurians from the Dakota epoch of Colorado, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 17, 242-246

Cope E. D. On reptilian remains from the Dakota Beds of Colorado, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 17 100, 193-196

Cope E. D. A new opisthocoelous dinosaur, American Naturalist 12 6, 406

Marsh O. C. Notice of new dinosaurian reptiles, American Journal of Science and Arts 15, 241-244

Marsh O. C. Principal characters of American Jurassic dinosaurs. Part V, The American Journal of Science and Arts, series 3 21, 417-423

Sauvage H.-E. Recherches sur les reptiles trouvés dans le Gault de l'est du bassin de Paris [Research on the reptiles found in the Gault of the eastern Paris Basin], Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, série 3 2 4, 1-42

Marsh O. C. The classification and affinities of dinosaurian reptiles, Nature 31, 68-69

Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900

Cope E. D. , Syllabus of Lectures on Geology and Paleontology. Part III. Paleontology of the Vertebrata, 1-90

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Sekiya T. (2011) Re-examination of Chuanjiesaurus anaensis (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Middle Jurassic Chuanjie Formation, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, southwest China, Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum 10, 1-54

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Foster J. R., Peterson J. E. (2016) First report of Apatosaurus (Diplodocidae: Apatosaurinae) from the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Utah: abundance, distribution, paleoecology, and taphonomy of an endemic North American sauropod clade, Palaeoworld 25, 431-443 doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.11.006

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Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Pal. Bull., No. 25 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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