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Hyperodapedon ✝

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Description

Hyperodapedon is a genus of rhynchosaurs (beaked, archosaur-like reptiles) from the Late Triassic period (Carnian stage). Fossils of the genus have been found in Africa, Asia, Europe and North and South America. Its first discovery and naming was found by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1859. Hyperodapedon was a herbivore that used its beaked premaxilla and hindlimbs to dig for plants in dry land.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperodapedon, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4821980	https://www.gbif.org/species/4821980
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38210	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38210

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Rhynchosauria
-	Rhynchosauridae
-	Hyperodapedontinae
genus	Hyperodapedon	Huxley 1859

Scientific Name

Hyperodapedon Huxley, 1859

Name Published In

Institut, 27

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Hyperodapedon	genus	belongs to Rhynchocephalia	stated without evidence	Cope, 1870
Hyperodapedon	genus	belongs to Rhynchosauridae	stated without evidence	Huene, 1940
Hyperodapedon	genus	belongs to Hyperodapedontinae	stated with evidence	Benton, 1983
Hyperodapedon	genus	belongs to Rhynchosauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Hyperodapedon	genus	belongs to Hyperodapedontinae	stated with evidence	Langer and Schultz, 2000

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

237 - 228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

228 - 209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperodapedon

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Hyperodapedon gordoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Hyperodapedon huenei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Hyperodapedon huxleyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Hyperodapedon mariensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Hyperodapedon sanjuanensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	237 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Hyperodapedon stockleyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Hyperodapedon tikiensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Cephalonia lotziana Huene, 1942	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon : *Cephalonia lotziana*
Macrocephalosaurus Tupi-Caldas, 1933	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : *Macrocephalosaurus*
Scaphonyx australis Huene, 1926	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon : *Scaphonyx australis*
Scaphonyx fischeri Woodward, 1907	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae : Hyperodapedon : *Scaphonyx fischeri*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1859	Hyperodapedon Huxley
1870	Hyperodapedon Cope
1903	Stenometopon Boulenger p. 178
1907	Scaphonyx Woodward p. 54
1907	Scaphonyx fischeri Woodward p. 54 figs. 1-4
1911	Scaphonyx Huene p. 47
1926	Scaphonyx australis Huene
1933	Macrocephalosaurus Tupi-Caldas
1938	Paradapedon Huene
1940	Paradapedon Huene p. 6
1940	Cephalonia Huene p. 7
1940	Hyperodapedon Huene p. 7
1940	Scaphonyx Huene p. 7
1942	Cephalonia Huene

Year	Name and Author
1942	Paradapedon Huene p. 250
1942	Cephalonia lotziana Huene p. 259
1980	Supradapedon Chatterjee p. 58
1983	Hyperodapedon Benton p. 711
1985	Hyperodapedon Benton p. 154
1985	Scaphonyx Benton p. 154
1988	Hyperodapedon Carroll
1988	Scaphonyx Carroll
1995	Scaphonyx Wilkinson and Benton
2000	Hyperodapedon Langer et al. p. 17
2000	Hyperodapedon Langer and Schultz p. 634
2015	Hyperodapedon Mukherjee and Ray
2016	Hyperodapedon Ezcurra et al.
2016	Hyperodapedon Schultz et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Boulenger G. A. (1903) On reptilian remains from the Trias of Elgin, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 196, 175-189

Woodward A. S. (1907) On some fossil reptilian bones from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Revista do Museu Paulista 7, 46-57

Huene F. v. (1911) Über Erythrosuchus, Vertreter der neuen Reptil-Ordnung Pelycosimia, Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folge 10 1, 1-60

Huene F. v. (1940) The tetrapod fauna of the Upper Triassic Maleri Beds, Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India. Palaeontologia Indica, new series 32 1, 1-42

Huene F. v. (1942) Lieferungen 3/4. Pseudosuchia, Saurischia, Rhynchosauridae und Schlussabschnitt [Parts 3/4. Pseudosuchia, Saurischia, Rhynchosauridae, and Conclusions], Die Fossilen Reptilien des Südamerikanischen Gondwanalandes. Ergebnisse der Sauriergrabungen in Südbrasilien 1928/29 [The Fossil Reptiles of South American Gondwanaland. Results of the Dinosaur Expeditions in southern Brazil 1928/29]. C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, München, 161-332

Huene F. v. (1942) Die Fauna terrestrischer Wirbeltiere der oberen Trias im zentralen Indien [The terrestrial vertebrate fauna of the Upper Triassic in central India], Zentralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, Abteilung B: Geologie und Paläontologie 1942 8, 249-255

Chatterjee S. (1980) The evolution of rhynchosaurs, Mémoires de la Société géologique de France, nouvelle série 139, 57-65

Benton M. J. (1983) The Triassic reptile Hyperodapedon from Elgin: functional morphology and relationships, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 302, 605-720

Benton M. J. (1985) Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 84 2, 97-164

Langer M., Boniface M., et al (2000) The phylogenetic position of Isalorhynchus genovefae, a Late Triassic rhynchosaur from Madagascar, Annales de Paléontologie 86 2, 101-127

Langer M. C., Schultz C. L. (2000) A new species of the Late Triassic rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon from the Santa Maria Formation of south Brazil, Palaeontology 43 4, 633-652

Mukherjee D., Ray S. (2015) A new Hyperodapedon (Archosauromorpha, Rhynchosauria) from the upper Triassic of India: implications for rhynchosaur phylogeny, Palaeontology 57 6, 1241-1276

Ezcurra M. D., Montefeltro F., et al (2016) The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 3, 142

Schultz C. L., Langer M. C., et al (2016) A new rhynchosaur from south Brazil (Santa Maria Formation) and rhynchosaur diversity patterns across the Middle-Late Triassic boundary, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 90, 593-609

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Institut, 27 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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