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Plateosaurus ✝

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Description

Plateosaurus (probably meaning "broad lizard", often mistranslated as "flat lizard") is a genus of plateosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period, around 214 to 204 million years ago, in what is now Central and Northern Europe and Greenland, North America. Plateosaurus is a basal (early) sauropodomorph dinosaur, a so-called "prosauropod". As of 2011, two species are recognised: the type species P. engelhardti from the late Norian and Rhaetian, and the slightly earlier P. gracilis from the lower Norian. However, others have been assigned in the past, and there is no broad consensus on the species taxonomy of plateosaurid dinosaurs. Similarly, there are a plethora of synonyms (invalid duplicate names) at the genus level.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateosaurus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3239102	https://www.gbif.org/species/3239102
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38644	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38644

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Eusaurischia	Padian et al. 1999
-	Sauropodomorpha
family	Plateosauridae	Marsh 1895
genus	Plateosaurus	Meyer 1837

Scientific Name

Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837

Name Published In

Meyer, Herm. v. 1837. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde 1837: 316–317.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Sauria	stated with evidence	Meyer, 1837
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Pachypodes	stated without evidence	Meyer, 1845
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Dinosauria	stated without evidence	Pictet, 1853
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Harpagosauria	stated without evidence	Haeckel, 1866
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Teratosauridae	stated with evidence	Cope, 1871
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Squamati	stated without evidence	Quenstedt, 1882
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Zanclodontidae	stated without evidence	Zittel, 1890
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Theropoda	stated without evidence	Winkler, 1893
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Marsh, 1895
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Megalosaurinidae	stated without evidence	Blanckenhorn, 1898
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Zanclodontidae	stated with evidence	Huene, 1902
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Huene, 1908
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Tornier, 1913
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Fraas, 1913
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Huene, 1914
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Fraas, 1914
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Theropoda	stated without evidence	Broom, 1915
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Van Hoepen, 1920
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Theropoda	stated without evidence	Joleaud, 1922
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Lull, 1924
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Haughton, 1924
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Nopcsa, 1928
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	implied	Romer, 1956
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Tatarinov, 1964
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	implied	Romer, 1966
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Bonaparte, 1969
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1971
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Anchisauridae	stated without evidence	Galton, 1973
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Bonaparte, 1973
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Prosauropoda	stated without evidence	Bakker and Galton, 1974
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Galton, 1976
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Anderson and Cruickshank, 1978
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	implied	Benton, 1979
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Heerden, 1979
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Anchisauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Sauropodomorpha	stated with evidence	Benton, 1990
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Padian, 1997
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Bandyopadhyay, 1999
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Galton, 2001
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Sauropodomorpha	stated without evidence	Yates, 2003
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Galton and Upchurch, 2004
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated without evidence	Smith and Pol, 2007
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Plateosauridae	stated with evidence	Martínez, 2009
Plateosaurus	genus	belongs to Sauropodomorpha	stated without evidence	Xing et al., 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

237 - 212 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

201 - 199 Ma
Early Jurassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

H. v. Meyer. 1837. Mittheilungen, an Professor Bronn gerichtet [Communications, sent to Professor Bronn]. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde 1837:314-317

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateosaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Thecodontosaurus elisae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Plateosaurus engelhardti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Plateosaurus gracilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	216 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Plateosaurus ingens ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Plateosaurus longiceps ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Plateosaurus reinigeri (Huene, 1905)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus : *Plateosaurus reinigeri*
Platysaurus Agassiz, 1846	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : *Platysaurus*
Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Huene, 1905	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus : *Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis*
Plateosaurus quenstedti Huene, 1905	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus : *Plateosaurus quenstedti*
Gresslyosaurus reinigeri (Huene, 1905)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus : *Gresslyosaurus reinigeri*
Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Huene, 1905	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Plateosauridae : Plateosaurus : *Plateosaurus erlenbergensis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1837	Plateosaurus Meyer
1845	Plateosaurus Meyer p. 281
1846	Platysaurus Agassiz
1853	Plateosaurus Pictet p. 474
1866	Plateosaurus Haeckel p. CXXXVI
1871	Plateosaurus Cope p. 234
1875	Plateosaurus Cope p. 13
1882	Plateosaurus Quenstedt p. 180
1890	Plateosaurus Zittel p. 721
1893	Plateosaurus Winkler p. 107
1895	Plateosaurus Marsh
1896	Plateosaurus Marsh p. 239
1898	Plateosaurus Blanckenhorn p. 71
1902	Plateosaurus Huene
1905	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Huene p. 348
1905	Plateosaurus quenstedti Huene p. 348
1905	Plateosaurus reinigeri Huene p. 348
1905	Sellosaurus Huene p. 348
1908	Plateosaurus reinigeri Huene p. 8 figs. 1-9
1908	Plateosaurus quenstedti Huene p. 29 figs. 10-16
1908	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Huene p. 42 figs. 17-18, 49
1908	Plateosaurus Huene p. 251
1909	Plateosaurus Huene p. 14
1909	Sellosaurus Huene p. 14
1910	Plateosaurus reinigeri Hay p. 12
1910	Plateosaurus quenstedti Hay p. 20
1910	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Versluys p. 203
1911	Plateosaurus von Zittel p. 279
1911	Sellosaurus von Zittel p. 279
1912	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Lull p. 678
1913	Plateosaurus Fraas p. 1100
1913	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Fraas p. 1100
1913	Plateosaurus reinigeri Fraas p. 1100
1913	Sellosaurus Fraas p. 1100
1913	Plateosaurus Tornier p. 368
1913	Plateosaurus reinigeri Tornier p. 368
1914	Plateosaurus Fraas p. 131
1914	Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Fraas p. 131
1914	Plateosaurus reinigeri Fraas p. 131
1914	Sellosaurus Fraas p. 131
1914	Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Hennig p. 418
1914	Plateosaurus reinigeri Hennig p. 418
1914	Sellosaurus Huene p. 14
1914	Plateosaurus Huene p. 15
1914	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Huene p. 15
1914	Plateosaurus quenstedti Huene p. 15
1914	Plateosaurus reinigeri Huene p. 15
1914	Plateosaurus Huene p. 156
1914	Sellosaurus Huene p. 156
1915	Plateosaurus Broom p. 162
1915	Plateosaurus reinigeri Broom p. 164
1915	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Huene p. 12
1915	Plateosaurus quenstedti Huene p. 12
1920	Plateosaurus reinigeri Van Hoepen p. 89
1920	Plateosaurus Van Hoepen p. 102
1920	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Van Hoepen p. 102
1920	Plateosaurus reinigeri Van Hoepen p. 102
1920	Plateosaurus quenstedti Van Hoepen p. 118
1922	Plateosaurus Joleaud p. 59
1924	Plateosaurus Haughton
1924	Plateosaurus Lull p. 229
1928	Plateosaurus Nopcsa p. 183
1928	Sellosaurus Nopcsa p. 183

Year	Name and Author
1933	Plateosaurus reingeri Gilmore p. 35
1933	Plateosaurus reinigeri Seemann p. 153
1933	Plateosaurus quenstedti Seemann p. 154
1935	Plateosaurus quenstedti Müller-Stoll p. 28
1938	Plateosaurus quenstedti Schmidt p. 69
1938	Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Schmidt p. 125
1938	Plateosaurus reinigeri Schmidt p. 125
1956	Plateosaurus Romer p. 618
1964	Plateosaurus Tatarinov p. 542
1966	Plateosaurus Romer p. 370
1966	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Young p. 66
1966	Plateosaurus quenstedti Young p. 66
1969	Plateosaurus Bonaparte p. 475
1970	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Demathieu p. 153
1970	Plateosaurus reinegeri Demathieu p. 158
1970	Plateosaurus quenstedti Fischer p. 197
1970	Gresslyosaurus reinigeri Steel p. 53
1970	Plateosaurus Steel p. 54
1970	Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis Steel p. 56
1970	Plateosaurus quenstedti Steel p. 56
1970	Plateosaurus Swinton p. 160
1971	Plateosaurus Kuhn p. 16
1971	Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Kuhn p. 16
1971	Plateosaurus quenstedti Kuhn p. 16
1971	Plateosaurus reinigeri Kuhn p. 16
1973	Plateosaurus Bonaparte p. 115
1973	Plateosaurus Galton p. 246
1974	Plateosaurus Bakker and Galton p. 170
1976	Plateosaurus Galton p. 89
1978	Plateosaurus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1978	Plateosaurus Bonaparte p. 319
1978	Plateosaurus quenstedti Bonaparte p. 320 fig. 146
1979	Plateosaurus Benton p. 143
1979	Plateosaurus Heerden
1981	Plateosaurus McIntosh p. 11
1985	Sellosaurus Galton
1986	Plateosaurus Battail p. 49
1987	Plateosaurus erlenbergensis Théobald et al. p. 23
1988	Plateosaurus Carroll
1988	Sellosaurus Carroll
1990	Plateosaurus Benton p. 23
1997	Plateosaurus Padian p. 532
1997	Plateosaurus Sereno p. 451
1998	Plateosaurus Sereno p. 63
1998	Sellosaurus Sereno p. 71 fig. 7
1999	Plateosaurus Bandyopadhyay p. 311
1999	Plateosaurus Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
1999	Sellosaurus Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2001	Plateosaurus Galton p. 490
2003	Plateosaurus Moser
2003	Plateosaurus Yates p. 331
2004	Plateosaurus Galton and Upchurch p. 235 fig. 12.11
2004	Sellosaurus Galton and Upchurch p. 236 fig. 12.11
2007	Plateosaurus Smith and Pol p. 670 fig. 7
2007	Plateosaurus Upchurch et al. p. 62 fig. 3
2009	Plateosaurus Martínez p. 162 fig. 22
2011	Plateosaurus Apaldetti et al. p. 16 fig. 13
2011	Plateosaurus Novas et al. p. 341 fig. 4
2013	Plateosaurus Apaldetti et al.
2013	Plateosaurus Otero and Pol
2015	Plateosaurus McPhee et al. p. 19 fig. 12
2015	Plateosaurus Xing et al.

References

Meyer H. v. Mittheilungen, an Professor Bronn gerichtet [Communications, sent to Professor Bronn], Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde 1837, 314-317

Meyer H. v. System der fossilen Saurier [Taxonomy of fossil saurians], Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde 1845, 278-285

Pictet F. -J. , Traité de Paléontologie ou Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Fossiles Considérés dans Leurs Rapports Zoologiques et Géologiques [Treatise of Paleontology or the Natural History of Fossil Animals Considered in their Zoological and Geological Relationships] 1, xiv-584

Haeckel E. , Generelle Morphologie der Organismen, Allgemeine Grundzuge der Organischen Formen-Wissenschaft, Mechanisch Begründet Durch die von Charles Darwin Reformirte Descendez-Theorie. Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, CLX-462

Cope E. D. On the homologies of some of the cranial bones of the Reptilia, and on the systematic arrangement of the class, Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 19, 194-247

Cope E. D. Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1, 1-109

Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900

Marsh O. C. On the affinities and classification of the dinosaurian reptiles, American Journal of Science 50 300, 483-498

Marsh O. C. The dinosaurs of North America, United States Geological Survey, 16th Annual Report, 1894-95 55, 133-244

Huene F. v. (1902) Übersicht über die Reptilien der Trias [Review of the Reptilia of the Triassic], Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen (Neue Serie). Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 6, 1-84

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Martínez R. N. (2009) Adeopapposaurus mognai, gen. et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha), with comments on adaptations of basal Sauropodomorpha, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 1, 142-164 doi:10.1671/039.029.0102

Apaldetti C., Martinez R. N., et al (2011) A new basal sauropodomorph (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from Quebrada del Barro Formation (Marayes-El Carrizal Basin), Northwestern Argentina, PLoS ONE 6 11, e26964:1-19 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026964

Novas F. E., Ezcurra M. D., et al (2011) New dinosaur species from the Upper Triassic Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram formations of Central India, Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, 333-349 doi:10.1017/S1755691011020093

Apaldetti C., Pol D., et al (2013) The postcranial anatomy of Coloradisaurus brevis (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic and its phylogenetic implications, Palaeontology 56 2, 277-301

Otero A., Pol D. (2013) Postcranial anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Mussaurus patagonicus (Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 5, 1138-1168

McPhee B. W., Choiniere J. N., et al (2015) A second species of Eucnemesaurus Van Hoepen, 1920 (Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha): new information on the diversity and evolution of the sauropodomorph fauna of South Africa's lower Elliot Formation (latest Triassic), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 5, e980504:1-24 doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.980504

Xing L., Miyashita T., et al (2015) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China and the diversity, distribution, and relationships of mamenchisaurids, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 1, e889701:1-17 doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.889701

N. Jahrb. f. Min., 1837 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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