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Hippocamelus

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Description

Hippocamelus is a genus of Cervidae, the deer family. It comprises two extant Andean and two fossil species. The living members are commonly known as the huemul (from the Mapuche language), and the taruca.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocamelus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2440979	https://www.gbif.org/species/2440979
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42675	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42675

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Hippocamelus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Hippocamelus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Artiodactyla	Owen 1848
-	Ruminantiamorpha	Spaulding et al. 2009
-	Ruminantia
-	Pecora
family	Cervidae	Gray 1821
-	Telemetacarpalia
tribe	Odocoileini
genus	Hippocamelus	Leuckart 1816

Common Name

huemuls

Scientific Name

Hippocamelus Leuckart, 1816

Name Published In

Diss. Inaug. de Equo bisulco Molinae p.24

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Hippocamelus	genus	belongs to Odocoileini	stated without evidence	Hershkovitz, 1982
Hippocamelus	genus	belongs to Cervidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Hippocamelus	genus	belongs to Odocoileinae	stated with evidence	Webb, 1992
Hippocamelus	genus	belongs to Odocoileini	stated without evidence	Grubb, 2000

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

3 (100%)

First Recorded Appearance

37.2 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer, browser (based on Cervidae)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Cervidae)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Common Name(s)

Guemals, Andean Deer

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocamelus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Hippocamelus antisensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Hippocamelus bisulcus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	37.2 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Anomalocera Gray, 1869	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Anomalocera*
Cervequus Lesson, 1842	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Cervequus*
Creagroceros Fitzinger, 1874	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Creagroceros*
Anomolocera Gray, 1869	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Anomolocera*
Xenelaphus Gray, 1870	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Xenelaphus*
Huamela Gray, 1872	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Huamela*
Hamela Ameghino, 1889	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Hamela*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1816	Hippocamelus Leuckart
1982	Hippocamelus Hershkovitz p. 8
1988	Hippocamelus Carroll
1992	Hippocamelus Webb p. 409
2000	Hippocamelus Grubb p. 302
2008	Hippocamelus Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 978 figs. Fig. 5

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Hershkovitz P. (1982) Neotropical deer (Cervidae). Part I. Pudus, genus Pudu Gray, Fieldiana Zoology (New Series) 11 1330, 1-86

Webb S. D. (1992) A cranium of Navahoceros and its phylogenetic place among New World cervidae, Annales Zoologici Fennici 28, 401-410

Grubb P. (2000) Valid and invalid nomenclature of living and fossil deer, Cervidae, Acta Theriologica 45 3, 289-307

Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

De Equo bisulco, xxiii. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole, 2000: null. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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