Thalhammerite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Thalhammerite
Formula:
Pd9Ag2Bi2S4
Colour:
Light-yellow to yellowish-brown
Lustre:
Metallic
Specific Gravity:
9.72 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Name:
Named in honor of Oskar A. R. Thalhammer, Professor of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Leoben, Austria.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
52899
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:52899:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
5090d60f-7e1a-4817-8a00-0ce6e1c0d117
Classification of Thalhammerite
Approved
Approval year:
2018
First published:
2018
2.BC.45
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
C : With Rh, Pd, Pt, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
C : With Rh, Pd, Pt, etc.
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Tha | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Thalhammerite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Light-yellow to yellowish-brown
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
9.72 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Thalhammerite
Anisotropism:
Weak
Bireflectance:
Weak
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
470nm | 41.9% | 43.0% |
546nm | 43.9% | 45.1% |
589nm | 44.9% | 46.1% |
650nm | 46.3% | 47.5% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 47.5%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Light yellow
Internal Reflections:
None
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Shades of yellowish-brown
Chemical Properties of Thalhammerite
Formula:
Pd9Ag2Bi2S4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Thalhammerite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I4/mmm
Setting:
I4/mmm
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.0266(2) Å, c = 9.1531(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.14
Unit Cell V:
589.7 ų
Z:
2
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.343 Å | (24) |
2.839 Å | (46) |
2.5685 Å | (21) |
2.412 Å | (100) |
2.324 Å | (61) |
2.287 Å | (48) |
2.220 Å | (29) |
2.007 Å | (40) |
1.7481 Å | (23) |
1.508 Å | (30) |
Comments:
From Type Description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Thalhammerite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tiny inclusions, from a few μm up to about 40–50 μm, intergrown in galena, chalcopyrite, and also in bornite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the mineralogical collections of the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD London, UK, catalogue No. BM2017,16
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Disseminated sulphide ore
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Sluzhenikin, S.F., Kozlov, V.V., Stanley, C.J., Plášil, J., Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G., Bakker, R. (2018) Thalhammerite, Pd9Ag2Bi2S4, a New Mineral from the Talnakh and Oktyabrsk Deposits, Noril’sk Region, Russia. Minerals: 8: 339.
Synonyms of Thalhammerite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
2 photos of Thalhammerite associated with Galena | PbS |
2 photos of Thalhammerite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
1 photo of Thalhammerite associated with Vymazalováite | Pd3Bi2S2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.BC. | UM2004-45-Se:AgHgPd | (Ag,Cu)6Hg2Pd2Se3 | |
2.BC. | Fleetite | Cu2RhIrSb2 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
2.BC. | Coldwellite | Pd3Ag2S | Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2 |
2.BC. | Panskyite | Pd9Ag2Pb2S4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm |
2.BC.05 | Palladseite | Pd17Se15 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
2.BC.05 | Miassite | Rh17S15 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3n |
2.BC.05 | UM2000-47-S:CuFePdPt | PtPd(Fe,Cu)S | |
2.BC.10 | Oosterboschite | (Pd,Cu)7Se5 | Orth. |
2.BC.15 | Chrisstanleyite | Ag2Pd3Se4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BC.15 | Jagüéite | Cu2Pd3Se4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BC.20 | Keithconnite | Pd20Te7 | Trig. 3 : R3 |
2.BC.25 | Vasilite | (Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7 | Iso. 4 3m : I4 3m |
2.BC.30 | Telluropalladinite | Pd9Te4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BC.35 | Luberoite | Pt5Se4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
2.BC.35 | Kojonenite | Pd7-xSnTe2 (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm |
2.BC.37 | Kravtsovite | PdAg2S | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm |
2.BC.40 | Oulankaite | (Pd,Pt)5(Cu,Fe)4SnTe2S2 | Tet. |
2.BC.40 | Lukkulaisvaaraite | Pd14Ag2Te9 | Tet. 4/m : I4/m |
2.BC.42 | Monchetundraite | Pd2NiTe2 | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Ibam |
2.BC.45 | Telargpalite | (Pd,Ag)3(Te,Bi) | Iso. |
2.BC.47 | Vymazalováite | Pd3Bi2S2 | Iso. 2 3 : I21 3 |
2.BC.50 | Temagamite | Pd3HgTe3 | Trig. 3m : P3m1 |
2.BC.55 | Sopcheite | Ag4Pd3Te4 | Orth. |
2.BC.55 | Bowlesite | PtSnS | Orth. mm2 : Pca21 |
2.BC.60 | Laflammeite | Pd3Pb2S2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
2.BC.65 | Tischendorfite | Pd8Hg3Se9 | Orth. |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Thalhammerite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-52899.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Thalhammerite
Reference List:
Localities for Thalhammerite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia (TL) | |
| |
|
Quick NavTopAbout ThalhammeriteUnique IdentifiersClassification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemical Properties Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Komsomol'skii Mine, Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit, Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia