Triazolite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Triazolite
Formula:
NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O
Colour:
Deep blue
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.028 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named for the presence of 1,2,4-triazolate anions.
Chemically and structurally related to chanabayaite, for which it is a precursor phase. The second natural (mineral) triazolate to be discovered.
It is a metalorganic ammine complex in which 1,2,4-triazolate anion and ammonia molecule are ligands coordinating Cu2+.
It is a metalorganic ammine complex in which 1,2,4-triazolate anion and ammonia molecule are ligands coordinating Cu2+.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
51961
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:51961:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
c076b7d0-7e35-4811-ac62-dcbe5602b279
IMA Classification of Triazolite
Approved
Approval year:
2017
First published:
2018
Type description reference:
Chukanov, Nikita V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Möhn, Gerhard, Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Van, Konstantin V., Britvin, Sergey N., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2018) Triazolite, NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3·4H2O, a new mineral species containing 1,2,4-triazolate anion, from a guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (4) 1007-1014 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.088
Classification of Triazolite
10.CA.50
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
10 : ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
C : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
A : Miscellaneous Organic Minerals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Tzl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Triazolite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Deep blue
Streak:
Blue
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on (001) and imperfect on (100) and (010).
Perfect on (001) and imperfect on (100) and (010).
Parting:
None observed.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Comment:
The fracture across the perfect cleavage plane is uneven.
Density:
2.028 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Triazolite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.582(4) nβ = 1.625(3) nγ = 1.625(3)
2V:
Measured: 5° (3), Calculated: ~0°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.043
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
None observed.
Optical Extinction:
X = b.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Distinct, Y = violet, X = Z = greenish-blue.
Comments:
Absorption: Y > X ≈ Z.
Chemistry of Triazolite
Mindat Formula:
NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3 · 4H2O
Crystallography of Triazolite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:
P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:
a = 19.3575(5) Å, b = 7.15718(19) Å, c = 12.5020(4) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.705 : 1 : 1.747
Unit Cell V:
1732.09 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Prismatic crystals (up to 0.1 mm × 0.15 mm × 0.75 mm); Radial aggregates. Forms include pinacoids {001}, {010} and {100} and prisms {hk0} or {0kl}.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.22 Å | (97) |
| 6.135 Å | (40) |
| 5.696 Å | (17) |
| 5.182 Å | (59) |
| 5.119 Å | (100) |
| 4.854 Å | (19) |
| 3.294 Å | (18) |
| 2.202 Å | (18) |
Comments:
From Type Description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
Type Occurrence of Triazolite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Deep blue prismatic crystals up to 0.1 mm × 0.15 mm × 0.75 mm and their radial aggregates up to 1.5 mm across.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, registration number 5037/1.
Empirical Formula of Type Material:
Na1.14(Cu1.86Fe0.14)(Cl2.99S0.23)N9.23C3.43H23.34O4.29
Chemical Analysis of Type Material:
| Na | 4.91 % |
|---|---|
| Fe | 1.51 % |
| Cu | 22.06 % |
| Cl | 19.80 % |
| S | 1.4 % |
| C | 7.7 % |
| H | 4.4 % |
| N | 24.2 % |
| O (calc.) | 12.83 % |
| Total: | 98.81 % |
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In the contact zone between altered guano and the host rock, a gabbro consisting of amphibole, plagioclase minor clinochlore and accessory chalcopyrite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Chukanov, N.V., Zubkova, N.V., Möhn, G., Pekov, I.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Van, K.V., Britvin, S.N., Pushcharovsky, D.Y. (2018) Triazolite, NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3·4H2O, a new mineral species containing 1,2,4-triazolate anion, from a guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine: 82: 1007-1014.
Synonyms of Triazolite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Triazolite associated with Chanabayaite | CuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2O |
| 3 photos of Triazolite associated with Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
| 3 photos of Triazolite associated with Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
| 2 photos of Triazolite associated with Natroxalate | Na2(C2O4) |
| 1 photo of Triazolite associated with Ammineite | [CuCl2(NH3)2] |
| 1 photo of Triazolite associated with Halite | NaCl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 10.CA. | Tholins | (C,H,N) |
| 10.CA. | Natrosulfatourea | Na2(SO4)[CO(NH2)2] |
| 10.CA. | Allantoin | C4H6N4O3 |
| 10.CA. | Bojarite | Cu3(N3C2H2)3(OH)Cl2 · 6H2O |
| 10.CA.05 | Refikite | C20H32O2 |
| 10.CA.10 | Flagstaffite | C10H22O3 |
| 10.CA.15 | Hoelite | C14H8O2 |
| 10.CA.20 | Abelsonite | Ni(C31H32N4) |
| 10.CA.25 | Kladnoite | C6H4(CO)2NH |
| 10.CA.30 | Guanine | C5H5N5O |
| 10.CA.30 | Tinnunculite (of Chesnokov & Shcherbakova) | C10H12N8O8 |
| 10.CA.35 | Urea | CO(NH2)2 |
| 10.CA.40 | Uricite | C5H4N4O3 |
| 10.CA.45 | Chanabayaite | CuCl(N3C2H2)(NH3) · 0.25H2O |
| 10.CA.55 | Ernstburkeite | Mg(CH3SO3)2 · 12H2O |
| 10.CA.60 | Joanneumite | Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2 |
| 10.CA.65 | Tinnunculite | C5H4N4O3 · 2H2O |
| 10.CA.70 | Dopplerite |
Fluorescence of Triazolite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
IR Spectrum:
IR spectrum shows the presence of 1,2,4-triazolate anion and ammonia and water molecules.
Notes:
Triazolite dissolves in dilute HCl and HNO3 without gas evolution. It is insoluble in water, but crystals of triazolite become dull after exposure to warm water. Heating in a closed tube gives a white sublimate of NH4Cl. Melting is accompanied by the release of water and an additional portion of sublimate. Stronger heating results in reduction to metallic Cu.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Triazolite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-51961.html
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References for Triazolite
Reference List:
Hålenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2017) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2017, CNMNC Newsletter No 38. Mineralogical Magazine, 81 (4) 1033-1038 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.062
Chukanov, Nikita V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Möhn, Gerhard, Pekov, Igor V., Belakovskiy, Dmitriy I., Van, Konstantin V., Britvin, Sergey N., Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Y. (2018) Triazolite, NaCu2(N3C2H2)2(NH3)2Cl3·4H2O, a new mineral species containing 1,2,4-triazolate anion, from a guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Iquique Province, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine, 82 (4) 1007-1014 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.088
Localities for Triazolite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Hålenius et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
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Pabellón de Pica, Chanabaya, Iquique Province, Tarapacá, Chile