The Ivuna (CI1) meteorite fell on 16 Dec 1938. A single stone of 704.5 g was recovered of the 2 or 3 which fell. Ivuna is the prototype for the CI (Ivuna-like) Carbonaceous Chondrites. It is one of 5 known CI falls and 4 CI finds. At the present time all 9 CI chondrites are classified as having petrologic type CI1.

Like all carbonaceous chondrite, Ivuna and other CI carbonaceous chondrites have nearly solar Mg/Si ratios and similar oxygen isotope ratios. In addition, Ivuna and other members of the CI chemical group are distinguished by the absence of chondrules and a high degree of hydration.

Because of Ivuna’s very small mass, other more massive CI1 falls (such as Orgueil) are more frequently utilized for research.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

18 valid minerals.

Meteorite/Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ CI1 chondrite meteorite

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Blödite

Formula: Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O

Reference: Mason, Brian (1962) Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York & London, 274 pages.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Cubanite

Formula: CuFe₂S₃

Reference: Kerridge, J.F., MacDougall, J.D., Marti, K. (1979) Clues to the origin of sulfide minerals in CI chondrites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 43(3): 359-367.

ⓘ Diamond

Formula: C

Reference: Laurance, A.J. Garvie, Buseck, Peter R. (2007) Prebiotic carbon in clays from Orguril and Ivuna (CI). Meteoritics & Planetary Science: 42(12): 2111-2117.

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

Reference: Mason, Brian (1962) Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York & London, 274 pages.

ⓘ Epsomite

Formula: MgSO₄ · 7H₂O

Reference: Wood, John A. (1977) Mineralogic and petrologic study of the low-temperature minerals in carbonaceous chondrites. Final Report, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Grossmanite

Formula: CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆

Reference: Frank, D., Zolensky, M., Martinez, J., Mikouchi, T., Ohsumi, K., Hagiya, K., Satake, W., Le, L., Ross, D., Peslier, A. (2011) A CAI in the Ivuna CI1 Chondrite. 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. LPI Contribution #1608: 2785.

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO₄ · 2H₂O

Reference: Wood, John A. (1977) Mineralogic and petrologic study of the low-temperature minerals in carbonaceous chondrites. Final Report, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA.

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO₃

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite

Formula: (Mg,Fe)CO₃

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

Reference: Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

ⓘ 'Melilite Group'

Formula: Ca₂M(XSiO₇)

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

Reference: Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

Reference: Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

Reference: Kerridge, J.F., MacDougall, J.D., Marti, K. (1979) Clues to the origin of sulfide minerals in CI chondrites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 43(3): 359-367.

ⓘ Saponite

Formula: Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O

Reference: Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄

Reference: Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO₃

Reference: Brearley, A.J., Jones, R.H. (1998) Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA.

Smectite Group, etc.

Ivuna meteorite, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

Reference: Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

ⓘ Troilite

Formula: FeS

Reference: Mason, Brian (1962) Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York & London, 274 pages.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Diamond	1.CB.10a	C
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Cubanite	2.CB.55a	CuFe₂S₃
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Troilite	2.CC.10	FeS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Chromite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Cr³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Magnesite	5.AB.05	MgCO₃
ⓘ	var. Breunnerite	5.AB.05	(Mg,Fe)CO₃
ⓘ	Siderite	5.AB.05	FeCO₃
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Blödite	7.CC.50	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	Epsomite	7.CB.40	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
ⓘ	Gypsum	7.CD.40	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Grossmanite	9.DA.15	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
ⓘ	Saponite	9.EC.45	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Melilite Group'	-	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Serpentine Subgroup'	-	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
ⓘ	'Smectite Group'	-	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
H	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
H	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite	(Mg,Fe)CO₃
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Diamond	C
C	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
O	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
O	ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite	(Mg,Fe)CO₃
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Grossmanite	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
O	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
O	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite	(Mg,Fe)CO₃
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Magnesite	MgCO₃
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Al	ⓘ Grossmanite	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Si	ⓘ Serpentine Subgroup	D₃[Si₂O₅](OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Grossmanite	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
Si	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Blödite	Na₂Mg(SO₄)₂ · 4H₂O
S	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Epsomite	MgSO₄ · 7H₂O
S	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Grossmanite	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
Ca	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
Ca	ⓘ Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Grossmanite	CaTi³⁺ AlSiO₆
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Siderite	FeCO₃
Fe	ⓘ Troilite	FeS
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Saponite	Ca_0.25(Mg,Fe)₃((Si,Al)₄O₁₀)(OH)₂ · nH₂O
Fe	ⓘ Magnesite var. Breunnerite	(Mg,Fe)CO₃
Fe	ⓘ Chromite	Fe²⁺Cr₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Cubanite	CuFe₂S₃

References

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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)

Mason, Brian (1962) Meteorites. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.: New York & London, 274 pages.

Wood, John A. (1977) Mineralogic and petrologic study of the low-temperature minerals in carbonaceous chondrites. Final Report, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Kerridge, J.F., MacDougall, J.D., Marti, K. (1979) Clues to the origin of sulfide minerals in CI chondrites. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 43(3): 359-367.

Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992.

Endress, M., Bischoff, A. (1993) Mineralogy, Degree of Brecciation, and Aqueous Alteration of CI Chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, and Alais. Meteoritics: 28(3): 345-346.

Brearley, A.J., Jones, R.H. (1998) Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA.

Grady, Monica M. (2000) Catalogue of Meteorites (5/e). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, New York, Oakleigh, Madrid, Cape Town, 690 pages.

Garvie, Laurance A. J., Buseck, Peter R. (2007) Prebiotic carbon in clays from Orguril and Ivuna (CI). Meteoritics & Planetary Science: 42(12): 2111-2117.

Frank, D., M. Zolensky, J. Martinez, T. Mikouchi, K. Ohsumi, K. Hagiya, W. Satake, L. Le, D. Ross & A. Peslier (2011) A CAI in the Ivuna CI1 Chondrite. 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. LPI Contribution #1608, p. 2785.

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Africa

East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)
- Albertine RiftZone (Tectonic)

African PlateTectonic Plate

Rukwa Rift basinBasin

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Detailed Mineral List:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

References

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Ivuna meteorite, Mbeya Region, Tanzania i
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