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Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya i
Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya Mountain
Meru County County
Kenya Country

Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya	Mountain
Meru County	County
Kenya	Country

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Going Up

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Technical Summit

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

The Top

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Going Up

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Technical Summit

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

The Top

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Going Up

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Technical Summit

Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

0° 10' 0'' South , 37° 17' 59'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

G#: kzfx0c9j0

Type:

Age:

4.5 Ma

Geologic Time:

Pliocene

Dating method:

Rb-Sr whole rock

Reference for age:

Rock, N.M.S. (1976) The comparative strontium isotopic composition of alkaline rocks: new data from Southern Portugal and East Africa. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 56, 205–228. doi.org/10.1007/BF00399605

Köppen climate type:

Csb : Warm-summer Mediterranean climate

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Naro Moru	9,018 (2018)	31.4km
Nanyuki	36,142 (2018)	31.6km
Kerugoya	15,287 (2017)	37.0km
Chuka	9,347 (2013)	42.7km
Embu	34,922 (2018)	45.0km

Mindat Locality ID:

224165

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:224165:7

GUID (UUID V4):

a0698dfc-fd68-474f-b6e6-c891ec39634b

Mount Kenya straddles Meru County, Nyeri County and the northernmost portion of Kirinyaga County.

It has been located as Meru County on Mindat due to the National Park being largely in Meru County, see https://www.mindat.org/loc-224164.html

Mount Kenya, which reaches a summit of 5200 m, is a central volcano located to the east of the East African Rift.

The main eruptive phase of the Mount Kenya volcanics is of Pliocene to Pleistocene age (Baker et al., 1971; Rock, 1976; Price et al., 1985) and overlies tufts and basalts of Miocene-Pliocene age which rest on a Precambrian basement of gneisses and schists (Baker, 1967).

The main eruptive phase is composed of basalts, phonolites, kenytes and trachytes with the summit consisting of a complex intrusive plug of syenite and phonolite.

The most recent activity on Mount Kenya occurred as satellite eruptions, which built pyroclastic cones and extrusive domes of basalt and trachyte.

These later eruptives, which were also extensively emplaced as dykes, are believed to be of Pleistocene age.

Erosion of the summit by glaciers which are still active has extensively exposed the central core of the volcano.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Pantelleritic rhyolite

ⓘ Phonolite

ⓘ 'Porphyry'

ⓘ Schist

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., and Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394–409.

Price, R. C., Johnson, R. W., Gray, C. M., & Frey, F. A. (1985). Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89(4), 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Aegirine-augite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Aenigmatite

Formula: Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Albite var. Andesine

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase

Formula: (Na,K)AlSi₃O₈

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

Dawson, J.B., Hinton, R.W., and Steele, I.M. (2008) The composition of anorthoclase and nepheline in Mount Kenya phonolite and Kilimanjaro trachyte, and crystal-glass partitioning of elements. Canadian Mineralogist, 46, 6, 1455-1464.

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 89, 394–409.

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂SiO₄

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Glass'

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Iddingsite'

Formula: MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Riebeckite

Formula: ◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Sanidine

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Scolecite

Formula: CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ 'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'

Formula: A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'

Formula: A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca

Formula: NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O

References:

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

References:

Gregory, J. W. (1900). The geology of Mount Kenya. Quarter. J. Geol. Soc., 56, 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pp.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., and Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics, 11, 191–215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Mahaney, W. C. (1989). Glacial advances on Mount kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction?. In Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains (pp. 141-153).

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Fayalite	9.AC.05	Fe²⁺₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Riebeckite	9.DE.25	◻[Na₂][Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Sanidine	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite var. Anorthoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
ⓘ	var. Oligoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	var. Andesine	9.FA.35	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ		9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	'Zeolite Group'	9.G0.
ⓘ	Scolecite	9.GA.05	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Thomsonite-Ca	9.GA.10	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Sodium Amphibole Subgroup'	-	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Glass'	-
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Iddingsite'	-	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup'	-	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ³⁺_m)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
H	ⓘ Iddingsite	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
H	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
O	ⓘ Iddingsite	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Na	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Na	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Na	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Na	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Mg	ⓘ Iddingsite	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Al	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Al	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Si	ⓘ Iddingsite	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	ⓘ Sodium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(Na₂)(Z₅)(Si_8-mAl_mO₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Andesine	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase	(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ca	ⓘ Scolecite	CaAl₂Si₃O₁₀ · 3H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca	NaCa₂[Al₅Si₅O₂₀] · 6H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Sodium-Calcium Amphibole Subgroup	A_n(NaCa)(Z²⁺_5-mZ_m³⁺)(Si_8-(n+m+1)Al_(n+m-1)O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Riebeckite	◻[Na₂][Fe₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Iddingsite	MgO · Fe₂O₃ · 3SiO₂ · 4H₂O

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Pliocene : 3.1 Ma to 2.64 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Nepheline-syenite	2.64 Ma
ⓘ Phonolite	3.1 Ma

Other Databases

Wikipedia:	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Kenya
Wikidata ID:	Q172070

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Africa

East African Rift System (EARS)Zone (Tectonic)

Kenya

⭔Central ProvinceCounty

Somali PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

(n.d.)

Gregory, J.W. (1900) 10. Contributions to the Geology of British East Africa. Part II. The Geology of Mount Kenya. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society: 56: 205-222.

Baker, B.H. (1967) Geology of the Mount Kenya area. Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geological Department, Report No. 79, 78 pages.

Baker, B.H., Williams, L.A.J., Miller, J.A., Fitch, F.J. (1971) Sequence and geochronology of the Kenya rift volcanics. Tectonophysics: 11: 191-215. doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(71)90030-8

Rock, N.M.S. (1976) Petrogenetic significance of some new xenolithic alkaline rocks from East Africa. Mineralogical Magazine: 40(314): 611-625. doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1976.040.314.09

Price, R.C., Johnson, R.W., Gray, C.M., Frey, F.A. (1985) Geochemistry of phonolites and trachytes from the summit region of Mt. Kenya. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 89(4): 394-409. doi.org/10.1007/BF00381560

Baker, B.H. (1987) Outline of the petrology of the Kenya rift alkaline province. In J.G. Fitton and B.G.J. Upton (eds.) Alkaline igneous rocks: 293-311. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 30 and Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.

Mahaney, W.C. (1989) Glacial advances on Mount Kenya in the Middle Holocene: fact or fiction? Quaternary and environmental research on East African Mountains: 141-153.

Woolley, A.R. (2001) Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London: 130.

Dawson, J.B., Hinton, R.W., Steele, I.M. (2008) The composition of anorthoclase and nepheline in Mount Kenya phonolite and Kilimanjaro trachyte, and crystal-glass partitioning of elements. The Canadian Mineralogist: 46(6):1455-1464.

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

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Mount Kenya, Meru County, Kenya i
Regional Level Types
Mount Kenya Mountain
Meru County County
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