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Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile i
Regional Level Types
Easter Island Island
Ísla de Pascua Province Province
Valparaíso Region
Chile Country

Regional Level Types
Easter Island	Island
Ísla de Pascua Province	Province
Valparaíso	Region
Chile	Country

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Rano Kao

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Basalt

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Obsidian

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Rano Kao

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Basalt

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Obsidian

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Rano Kao

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Basalt

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile

Type:

Island

Age:

0.94 to 0.11 Ma

Geologic Time:

Pleistocene

Dating method:

K-Ar; Ar/Ar

Reference for age:

Vezzoli, L., and Acocella, V. (2009) Easter Island, SE Pacific: An end-member type of hotspot volcanism. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 121, 869–886, doi: 10.1130/B26470.1. doi.org/10.1130/B26470.1

Largest Settlements:

Place	Population
Hanga Roa	3,304 (2018)

Mindat Locality ID:

105854

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:105854:6

GUID (UUID V4):

5a3a2ba4-1472-461b-a3dc-3c2030e032ed

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Rapa Nui

Other Languages:

French:

Île de Pâques (Rapa Nui), Région de Valparaíso, Chili

German:

Osterinsel (Rapa Nui), Región de Valparaíso, Chile

Italian:

Isola di Pasqua (Rapa Nui), Regione di Valparaíso, Cile

Russian:

Остров Пасхи (Рапануи; Рапа-Нуи), Вальпараисо, Чили

Spanish:

Ísla de Pascua (Rapa Nui), Región de Valparaíso, Chile

Island composed of Pliocene to Holocene basaltic and andesitic lava flows, scoria, tuff, obsidian, located above a mantle plume "hot spot" on the Nazca plate. The island owes its roughly triangular shape to the stratovolcanoes Poike, Rano Kau, and Terevaka.

Mafic lava flows are the most abundant rock type on the island; they built up the three main stratovolcanoes and formed most of the island’s coastline. The pyroclastic products consist of loose cinder and scoria deposits that, in some peculiar emplacement conditions, gave rise to coherent rocks. One example is the Puna Pao scoriae cone, in which the scoriae are welded as a result of their rheological behaviour during the eruption. Other examples are the Rano Raraku and Maunga Toa Toa tuff cones, which were partly emplaced in subaqueous conditions.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

5 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Comenditic rhyolite

ⓘ 'Tholeiitic basalt'

ⓘ Trachyte

ⓘ Tuff

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine-augite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

References:

Bailey, D. K., & Macdonald, R. (1970). Petrochemical variations among mildly peralkaline (comendite) obsidians from the oceans and continents. Contributions to mineralogy and petrology, 28(4), 340-351. doi.org/10.1007/BF00388955

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

Haase, K.M., Stoffers, P., and Garbe-Schomber, C.D. (1997) The petrogenetic evolution of lavas from Easter Island and neighbouring seamounts, near ridge hotspot volcanoes in the SE Pacific. Journal of Petrology, 38, 785–813. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/38.6.785

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

Gioncada, A., Gonzales-Ferran, O., Lezzerini, M., Mazzuoli, R., Bisson, M., and Rapu, S.A. (2010) The volcanic rocks of Easter Island (Chile) and their use for the Moai sculptures. European Journal of Mineralogy, 22, 6, 855-867.

ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase

Formula: (Na,K)AlSi₃O₈

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe²⁺₂SiO₄

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

Bandy, M. C. (1937) Geology and petrology of Easter Island. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 48(11), 1589-1610.

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Glass'

References:

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

References:

ⓘ 'Palagonite'

References:

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

References:

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O

References:

ⓘ 'Zeolite Group'

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Fayalite	9.AC.05	Fe²⁺₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Anorthoclase	9.FA.35	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
ⓘ	'Zeolite Group'	9.G0.
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Smectite Group'	-	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
ⓘ	'Glass'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Palagonite'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Smectite Group	A_0.3D_2-3[T₄O₁₀]Z₂ · nH₂O
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase	(Na,K)AlSi₃O₈
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Fayalite	Fe₂²⁺SiO₄
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃

Fossils

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This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Bandy, M. C. (1937) Geology and petrology of Easter Island. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 48(11), 1589-1610 [https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-abstract/48/11/1589/3544/geology-and-petrology-of-easter-island].

Baker, P.E., Buckley, F., and Holland, J.G. (1974) Petrology and geochemistry of Easter Island. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 44, 85–100. doi.org/10.1007/BF00385783

Gonzalez-Ferran, O. & Baker, P.E. (1974): Isla de Pascua. Field Guide Book, including the first Easter Island geological map 1:50.000. IAVCEI International Symposium, Santiago, Chile, 32 pages.

Bonatti, E., Fisher, D., Harrison, C., Honnorez, J., Schilling, J., Stipp, J., and Zentilli, M. (1977) Eastervolcanic chain (southeast Pacific): a mantle hotline. Journal of Geophysical Research, 82, 2457-2478.

Clark, J.G., and Dymond, J. (1977) Geochronology and petrochemistry of Easter and Sala y Gomez Islands: Implications for the origin of the Sala y Gomez Ridge. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2, 29–48.

Kaneoka, I., and Katsui, Y. (1985) K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks from Easter Island. Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan, 30, 33–36.

González-Ferrán, O., Lahsen, A., and Mazzuoli, R. (2004) Geología del complejo volcánico Isla de Pascua Rapa Nui: escala 1:30000. Centro de Estudios Volcanológicos. Santiago.

Sepúlveda, F., and Lara, L. (2015) Geoquímica y evolución geológica de los volcanes ancestrales Rano Kau y Poike, Isla de Pascua, Chile. XIV Congreso Geológico Chileno, La Serena, October 2015. AT 1: Geología Regional y Geodinámica Andina, 428-431.

Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4

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Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, ChileiRegional Level TypesEaster IslandIsland Ísla de Pascua ProvinceProvince ValparaísoRegion ChileCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

List of minerals for each chemical element

Fossils

References

Easter Island, Ísla de Pascua Province, Valparaíso, Chile i
Regional Level Types
Easter Island Island
Ísla de Pascua Province Province
Valparaíso Region
Chile Country