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Venericardiinae

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	62778	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=62778

Rank

subfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Carditidae : Venericardiinae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Carditioni	Dall 1889
order	Carditida
superfamily	Crassatelloidea
family	Carditidae	Fleming 1820
subfamily	Venericardiinae	Chavan 1969

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Venericardiinae	subfamily	belongs to Carditidae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Venericardiinae	subfamily	belongs to Carditidae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1984
Venericardiinae	subfamily	belongs to Carditidae	stated with evidence	Beu et al., 1990
Venericardiinae	subfamily	belongs to Carditidae	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2010
Venericardiinae	subfamily	belongs to Carditidae	stated with evidence	Carter et al., 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

186

Extant Size (PBDB)

14 (7.5%)

First Recorded Appearance

191 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Carditidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Carditidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

H. E. Vokes. 1980. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue. Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Glyptoactis genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	298	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Megacardita genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	43	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Pteromeris genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	43	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Purpurocardia genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	17	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Trapezicardita ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Venericardia genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,527	191 Ma Early Jurassic	0 Ma Extant
Verticipronus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1969	Venericardiinae Chavan
1980	Venericardiinae Vokes p. 119
1984	Venericardiinae Squires p. 45
1987	Venericardiinae Squires p. 63
1990	Venericardiinae Beu et al. p. 397
1992	Venericardiinae Moore p. 16
1992	Venericardiinae Ward p. 82
2006	Venericardiinae Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 231
2010	Venericardiinae Bouchet et al.
2011	Venericardiinae Carter et al. p. 14

References

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Beu A. G., Maxwell P.A., et al (1990) Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin 58

Moore E. J. (1992) Tertiary marine pelecypods of California and Baja California: Erycinidae through Carditidae, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1228 E, 1-37

Ward L. W. (1992) Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America, Virginia Museum of Natural History 2

Bieler R., Mikkelsen P. M. (2006) Bivalvia - a look at the branches, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148, 223-235

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Carter J. G., Altaba C. R., et al (2011) A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca), University of Kansas Paleontological Institute Paleontological Contributions 4, 1-47

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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