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Ovis

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Description

Ovis is a genus of mammals, part of the Caprinae subfamily of the ruminant family Bovidae. Its five or more highly sociable species are known as sheep. The domestic sheep is one member of the genus, and is thought to be descended from the wild mouflon of central and southwest Asia.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovis, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	9531221	https://www.gbif.org/species/9531221
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42816	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42816

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ovis

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Ovis

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Artiodactyla	Owen 1848
-	Ruminantiamorpha	Spaulding et al. 2009
-	Ruminantia
-	Pecora
family	Bovidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Antilopinae	Gray 1821
tribe	Caprini	Gray 1821
genus	Ovis	Linnæus 1758

Common Name

sheep

Scientific Name

Ovis Linnaeus, 1758

Name Published In

Linnæus, Carolus. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. Vol. Tomus I, Editio decima, reformata: i-ii, 1-824.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ovis	genus	belongs to Pecora	stated without evidence	Linnaeus, 1758
Ovis	genus	belongs to Bovina	stated without evidence	Gray, 1825
Ovis	genus	belongs to Ruminantia	stated without evidence	Owen, 1848
Ovis	genus	belongs to Caprinae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Ovis	genus	belongs to Bovidae	stated without evidence	Schultz and Howard, 1935
Ovis	genus	belongs to Caprinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Ovis	genus	belongs to Bovidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Ovis	genus	belongs to Bobcaprini	stated with evidence	Hassanin and Douzery, 1999
Ovis	genus	belongs to Caprini	stated without evidence	Grubb, 2001
Ovis	genus	belongs to Caprini	stated with evidence	Hassanin and Douzery, 2003
Ovis	genus	belongs to Caprinae	stated without evidence	Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

9 (75%)

First Recorded Appearance

16.0 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer, browser (based on Bovidae)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Bovidae)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Common Name(s)

Sheep

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovis

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Ovis ammon species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Argali	5	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Ovis aries species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Domestic Sheep	29	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Ovis burrhel species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis californianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis canadensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Bighorn Sheep	43	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Ovis cervina species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Ovis dalli species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Dall Sheep	1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Ovis dorshi species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ovis europea species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Ovis gmelini species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis gmelinii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis mamillaris ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Ovis nahoor species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis nivicola species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Ovis sairensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis sculptorum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Ovis shantungensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ovis vignei species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Argali Gray, 1850	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Argali*
Musmon Severtzov, 1873	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Musmon*
Pachyceros Gromova, 1936	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Pachyceros*
Musmon Schrank, 1798	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Musmon*
Aries Link, 1795	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Aries*
Caprovis Hodgson, 1847	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Caprovis*
Musimon Pallas, 1776	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Musimon*
Ammon de Blainville, 1816	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : *Ammon*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Ovis Linnaeus p. 70
1825	Ovis Gray p. 342
1848	Ovis Owen p. 139
1860	Ovis Leidy p. 110
1902	Ovis Hay p. 687
1935	Ovis Schultz and Howard p. 292

Year	Name and Author
1980	Ovis Kurten and Anderson p. 328
1988	Ovis Carroll
1999	Ovis Hassanin and Douzery p. 893
2001	Ovis Grubb p. 383
2003	Ovis Hassanin and Douzery p. 212
2008	Ovis Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 979 figs. Fig. 5

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Owen R. Description of teeth and portions of jaws of two extinct Anthracotherioid quadrupeds (Hyopotamus vectianus and Hyop. bovinus) discovered by the Marchioness of Hastings in the Eocene deposits on the NW coast of the Isle of Wight: with an attempt to develope Cuvier's idea of the Classification of Pachyderms by the number of their toes, Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 4, 103-141

Leidy J. Description of Vertebrate Fossils, Post-Pleiocene Fossils of South-Carolina, 99-122

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Schultz C. B., Howard E. B. (1935) The fauna of Burnet Cave, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 87, 273-298

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Hassanin A., Douzery E. J. P. (1999) Evolutionary affinities of the enigmatic saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis) in the context of the molecular phylogeny of Bovidae, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 266, 893-900

Grubb R. (2001) Review of family-group names of living bovids, Journal of Mammalogy 82 2, 374-388

Hassanin A., Douzery E. J. P. (2003) Molecular and morphological phylogenies of Ruminantia and the alternative position of the Moschidae, Systematic Biology 52 2, 206-228

Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 75 Twenty-seven generic names of Protozoa, Vermes, Pisces, Reptilia and Mammalia included in the Official List of Zoological Names.Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73(1), 35-37 (1922) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. 10th edition. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Pérez Sanchez,R.,Oleagaperez,A.,Encinasgrandes,A. (1992) Analysis of the specificity of the salivary antigens of Ornithodoros erraticus for the purpose of serological detection of swine farms harboring the parasite - via Phthiraptera.info

Losson,B.,Lonneux,J. F. (1998) Elements for positive diagnosis of ectoparasitosis in ruminants - via Phthiraptera.info

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, D.M (eds) (2005) Mammal Species of the World. 3rd ed. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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