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Leporidae

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Description

Leporidae is the family of rabbits and hares, containing over 60 species of extant mammals in all. The Latin word Leporidae means "those that resemble lepus" (hare). Together with the pikas, the Leporidae constitute the mammalian order Lagomorpha. Leporidae differ from pikas in that they have short, furry tails and elongated ears and hind legs.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leporidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	9379	https://www.gbif.org/species/9379
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42163	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42163

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Leporidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Euarchontoglires	Murphy et al. 2001
-	Glires
-	Duplicidentata
order	Lagomorpha	Brandt 1885
family	Leporidae	Fischer de Waldheim 1817

Common Name

rabbit

Scientific Name

Leporidae

Name Published In

Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscow vol.5 p.372

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Leporidae	family	belongs to Rosores	stated without evidence	Gray, 1821
Leporidae	family	belongs to Glires	stated without evidence	Gray, 1825
Leporidae	family	belongs to Duplicidentata	stated without evidence	Flower, 1883
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Leporidae	family	belongs to Duplicidentata	stated without evidence	Lambe, 1908
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Dawson, 1958
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	implied	Carroll, 1988
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Shoshani et al., 1989
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	implied	Nowak, 1991
Leporidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Bendukidze et al., 2009

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

186

Extant Size (PBDB)

46 (25%)

First Recorded Appearance

56.0 - 47.8 Ma
Eocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer, browser

Ecospace Comments

life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

G. Fischer de Waldheim. 1817. Adversaria zoologica. Memoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes du Moscou 5:357-428

Common Name(s)

Hazen En Konijnen, Hares, Rabbits, Hares And Rabbits, Rabbit, Rabbits And Hares, Harar Och Kaniner

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leporidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Archaeolaginae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		421	30.8 Ma Oligocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Desmatolaginae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Leporinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		476	30.8 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Mytonolaginae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Palaeolaginae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		346	48.6 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Caviina tribe	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Dasyporcina tribe	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Hydrocharina tribe	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Lagomina tribe	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Leporina tribe	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Alilepus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		39	16.0 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Aluralagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	4.90 Ma Pliocene	1.80 Ma Pleistocene
Archaeolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		40	30.8 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Aztlanolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Brachylagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Pygmy Rabbit	9	1.80 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Bunolagus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Caprolagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Chadrolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Desmatolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		168	48.6 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Dituberolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Gobiolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	56.0 Ma Paleocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Gripholagomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Hypolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		279	23.0 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Hypsimylus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	48.6 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Lagotherium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Lepoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	23.0 Ma Miocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Lepus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Hare	322	30.8 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Litolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Lushilagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Megalagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		93	40.4 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Mytonolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	46.2 Ma Eocene	40.4 Ma Eocene
Nekrolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	10.3 Ma Miocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Nesolagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Striped Rabbit			0 Ma Extant
Notolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		17	10.3 Ma Miocene	1.80 Ma Pleistocene
Nuralagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Ordolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		18	33.9 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Oryctolagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		64	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Palaeolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		234	40.4 Ma Eocene	24.8 Ma Oligocene
Panolax ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	16.0 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Paranotolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	4.90 Ma Pliocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Pentalagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Amami Rabbit	1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Pewelagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	4.90 Ma Pliocene	1.80 Ma Pleistocene
Pliopentalagus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	11.6 Ma Miocene	3.20 Ma Pliocene
Pliosiwalagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Poelagus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pratilepus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	10.3 Ma Miocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Pronolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Pronotolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		13	23.0 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Romerolagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Volcano Rabbit			0 Ma Extant
Sardolagus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Serengetilagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	11.6 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Shamolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Strenulagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	48.6 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Sylvilagus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Cottontail Rabbit	286	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Tachylagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	40.4 Ma Eocene	40.4 Ma Eocene
Trischizolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		22	23.0 Ma Miocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Tsaganolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	13.8 Ma Miocene	13.8 Ma Miocene
Veterilepus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Zaissanolagus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1817	Leporidae Fischer de Waldheim p. 409
1817	Leporinorum Fischer de Waldheim p. 409
1821	Leporidae Gray p. 304
1825	Leporidae Gray p. 341
1850	Leporidae Bonaparte p. 1
1883	Leporidae Flower p. 185
1889	Leporidae Cope p. 876
1891	Leporidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1898	Leporidae Gadow p. 43
1902	Leporidae Hay p. 735

Year	Name and Author
1908	Leporidae Lambe
1911	Leporidae Jaekel p. 221
1958	Leporidae Dawson p. 9
1966	Leporidae Johnson p. 80
1980	Leporidae Kurten and Anderson p. 276
1988	Leporidae Carroll
1989	Leporidae Shoshani et al. p. 436
1991	Leporidae Nowak
2009	Leporidae Bendukidze et al. p. 347
2018	Leporidae Angelone et al. p. 508

References

Fischer de Waldheim G. Adversaria zoologica, Memoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes du Moscou 5, 357-428

Gray J. E. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals, The London Medical Repository Monthly Journal and Review 15, 296-310

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Bonaparte C.-L. , Conspectus Systematis Mastozoologiae. Editio Altera Reformata [Survey of the system of mammals. Second revised edition]. E. J. Brill, Leyden, 1

Flower W. H. On the arrangement of the Orders and Families of existing Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883, 178-186

Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Lambe L. M. (1908) The Vertebrata of the Oligocene of the Cypress Hills, Saskatchewan, Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 4, 1-65 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61444

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Dawson M. R. (1958) Later Tertiary Leoporidae of North America, University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Vertebrata 6, 1-75

Johnson G. D. (1966) Small mammals of the Middle Oligocene of the Big Badlands of South Dakota, Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Sciences 45, 78-83

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Shoshani J., Fisher D. C., et al (1989) The Shelton Mastodon Site: Multidisciplinary study of a late Pleistocene (Twocreekan) locality in Southeastern Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27 14, 393-436

Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II

Bendukidze O. G., de Bruijn H., et al (2009) A revision of Late Oligocene associations of small mammals from the Aral Formation (Kazakhstan) in the National Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi, Palaeodiversity 2, 343-377

Angelone C., Čermák S., et al (2018) Systematics and paleobiogeography of Sardolagus obscurus n. gen. n. sp. (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) from the early Pleistocene of Sardinia, Journal of Paleontology 92 3, 506-522 doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.144

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Smith, Andrew T., Charlotte H. Johnston, Paulo C., 2018: null. Lagomorphs. Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. 266. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole, 2000: null. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Wilson, D.M (2015) Mammal Species of the World. Online database: http://www.vertebrates.si.edu/msw/mswcfapp/msw/index.cfm - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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