| Description | The bird family Sulidae comprises the gannets and boobies. Collectively called sulids, they are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish and similar prey. The 10 species in this family are often considered congeneric in older sources, placing all in the genus Sula. However, Sula (true boobies) and Morus (gannets) can be readily distinguished by morphological, behavioral, and DNA sequence characters. Abbott's booby (Papasula) is given its own genus, as it stands apart from both in these respects. It appears to be a distinct and ancient lineage, maybe closer to the gannets than to the true boobies.
|
|---|
| Source Data | |
|---|
| Rank | family |
|---|
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Sulidae |
|---|
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
|---|
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
|---|
| Common Name | booby |
|---|
| Scientific Name | Sulidae |
|---|
| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Sulidae | family | belongs to Steganopodes | stated with evidence | Zittel, 1890 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecanoidea | stated without evidence | Hay, 1902 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Steganopodes | stated without evidence | Case, 1904 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Sulides | stated without evidence | Lambrecht, 1933 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Brodkorb, 1955 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Sulae | stated without evidence | Howard, 1968 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Howard, 1972 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Sulae | stated without evidence | Olson, 1985 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Howard and Barnes, 1987 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Sulae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Chandler, 1990 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecani | stated without evidence | Cheneval, 1993 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Sulae | stated without evidence | Olson and Hasegawa, 1996 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Olson and Rasmussen, 2001 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Suloidea | stated without evidence | Mayr, 2002 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Pelecaniformes | stated without evidence | Gohlich, 2003 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Suloidea | stated with evidence | Bourdon et al., 2005 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Ardeiformes | stated without evidence | Mlikovsky, 2007 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Suloidea | stated with evidence | Livezey and Zusi, 2007 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Aequornithes | stated without evidence | Mayr, 2011 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Suliformes | stated without evidence | del Hoyo et al., 2014 | | Sulidae | family | belongs to Suliformes | stated with evidence | Clements et al., 2017 |
|
|---|
| Status (PBDB) | extant |
|---|
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 56 |
|---|
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 15 (27%) |
|---|
| First Recorded Appearance | 48.6 - 41.3 Ma
Eocene |
|---|
| Environment | terrestrial (based on Theropoda) |
|---|
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) |
|---|
| Diet | carnivore (based on Coelurosauria) |
|---|
| Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda) |
|---|
| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) |
|---|
| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) |
|---|
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution |
|---|
| Common Name(s) | Genten, Booby, Boobies, Gannets, Gannets, Boobies, Gannets & Boobies, Sulefamilien, Sulor, カツオドリ |
|---|
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulidae |
|---|
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Case E. C. (1904) Systematic Paleontology: Mammalia, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene: Text, 1-58 |
| Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024 |
| Brodkorb P. (1955) The avifauna of the Bone Valley Formation, Florida Geological Survey Report of Investigations 14, 1-57 |
| Miller L., Bowman R. I. (1958) Further bird remains from the San Diego Pliocene, Contributions in Science, Los Angeles County Museum 20, 1-15 |
| Howard H. (1968) Tertiary birds from Laguna Hills, Orange County, California, Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science 142, 1-21 |
| Howard H. (1972) Type specimens of avian fossils in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Contributions in Science, 1-27 |
| Olson S. L. (1975) Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 23, 1-49 |
| Howard H. (1978) Late Miocene marine birds from Orange County, California, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Contributions in Science 290, 1-26 |
| Howard H. (1982) Fossil birds from Tertiary marine beds at Oceanside, San Diego County, California, with discriptions of two species of the genera Uria and Cepphus (Aves: Alcidae), Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 341, 1-15 |
| Olson S. L., James H. F. (1982) Prodromus of the fossil avifauna of the Hawaiian Islands, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 365, 1-59 |
| Olson S. L. (1985) An early Pliocene marine avifauna from Duinefontein, Cape Province, South Africa, Annals of the South African Museum 95 4, 147-164 |
| Howard H., Barnes L. G. (1987) Middle Miocene marine birds from the foothills of the Santa Ana Mountains, Orange County, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 383, 1-9 |
| Steadman D. W., Schubel S. E., et al (1988) A new subspecies and new records of Papasula abbotti (Aves: Sulidae) from the archaeological sites in the tropical Pacific, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101 3, 487-495 |
| Chandler R. M. (1990) Fossil birds of the San Diego Formation, Late Pliocene, Blancan, San Diego County, California, Ornithological Monographs 44, 73-161 |
| Cheneval J. (1993) L'avifaune Mio-Pliocene de la Formation Pisco (Perou) etude prliminaire, Document Labratorie Geologique Lyon 125, 85-95 |
| Olson S. L., Hasegawa Y. (1996) A new genus and two new species of gigantic Plotopteridae from Japan (Aves: Pelecaniformes), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 4, 742-751 |
| Olson S. L., Rasmussen P. C. (2001) Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 233-365 |
| Mayr G. (2002) A skull of a new pelecaniform bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel, Germany, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 3, 507-512 |
| Gohlich U. B. (2003) The avifauna of the Grund Beds (Middle Miocene, Early Badenian, northern Austria), Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, Serie A 104, 237-249 |
| Stucchi M. (2003) Los Piqueros (Aves: Sulidae) de la Formacion Pisco, Peru, Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica de Peru 95, 75-91 |
| Stucchi M., Urbina M. (2004) Ramphastosula (aves, Sulidae): a new genus from the early Pliocene of the Pisco Formation, Peru, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 4, 974-978 |
| Bourdon E., Bouya B., et al (2005) Earliest African neornithine bird: a new species of Prophaethontidae (Aves) from the Paleocene of Morocco, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 1, 157-170 |
| Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95 |
| Mlikovsky J. (2007) Taxonomic identity of Eostega lebedinskyi LAMBRECHT, 1929 (Aves) from the middle Eocene of Romania, Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 109 A, 19-27 |
| del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904 |
| Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017 |
| Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Harrison, P. (1985). Seabirds: an identification guide. Revised edition. Christopher Helm Publisher. A & C Black: London, UK. ISBN 0-7136-3510-X. 448 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species |
| van der Land, J. (2001). Tetrapoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 375-376 - via World Register of Marine Species |
| Larsson, L., Ekström, G., Larsson, E. & Gandemo, M. (2007) Birds of the World, 2:a uppl. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas |
Sulidae
