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Aniliidae

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Description

The Aniliidae are a monotypic family created for the monotypic genus Anilius that contains the single species A. scytale. Common names include American pipe snake and false coral snake. It is found in South America. This snake possesses a vestigial pelvic girdle that is visible as a pair of cloacal spurs. It is ovoviviparous. It is non-venomous, and its diet consists mainly of amphibians and other reptiles. Currently, two subspecies are recognized, including the typical form described here.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aniliidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5676	https://www.gbif.org/species/5676
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38079	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38079

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Aniliidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Lepidosauromorpha
superorder	Lepidosauria
order	Squamata	Oppel 1811
suborder	Ophidia
-	Serpentes
infraorder	Alethinophidia	Nopcsa 1923
family	Aniliidae	Fitzinger 1826

Common Name

pipe snake

Scientific Name

Aniliidae

Name Published In

Bull. U.S. nat. Mus., 58: 225

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Typhlophthalmi	stated with evidence	Cope, 1871
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Lacertae	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Serpentes	stated without evidence	McGrew et al., 1959
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Booidea	stated with evidence	Estes, 1964
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Booidea	stated without evidence	Estes and Berberian, 1970
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Anilioidea	implied	Carroll, 1988
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Serpentes	stated without evidence	Frank and Ramus, 1996
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Serpentes	stated with evidence	Hecht and LaDuke, 1997
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Anilioidea	stated without evidence	Gardner and Cifelli, 1999
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Alethinophidia	stated with evidence	Vidal and Hedges, 2002
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Serpentes	stated without evidence	Nydam, 2002
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Anilioidea	stated without evidence	Head, 2005
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Alethinophidia	implied	Augé and Rage, 2006
Aniliidae	family	belongs to Squamata	implied	Böhme, 2008

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

1 (6.7%)

First Recorded Appearance

85.8 - 83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore

Reproduction

oviparous

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Common Name(s)

Pipe Snake, False Coral Snakes

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aniliidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Anilioides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Anilius genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Colombophis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	16.3 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Coniophis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	38	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	37.2 Ma Eocene
Eoanilius ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	23	47.8 Ma Eocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Hoffstetterella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	58.7 Ma Paleocene	58.7 Ma Paleocene
Michauxophis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Aniellidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Aniellidae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1826	Aniliidae Fitzinger
1871	Aniellidae Cope p. 237
1875	Aniellidae Cope p. 20
1898	Aniellidae Gadow p. 27
1959	Aniliidae McGrew et al. p. 138
1964	Aniliidae Estes p. 140
1966	Aniliidae Kuhn p. 64
1970	Aniliidae Estes and Berberian p. 6
1988	Aniliidae Carroll

Year	Name and Author
1996	Aniliidae Frank and Ramus
1997	Aniliidae Hecht and LaDuke p. 96
1999	Aniliidae Gardner and Cifelli p. 89
2002	Aniliidae Nydam p. 652
2002	Aniliidae Vidal and Hedges p. 983
2005	Aniliidae Head
2006	Aniliidae Augé and Rage p. 247
2008	Aniliidae Böhme p. 169

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Cope E. D. On the homologies of some of the cranial bones of the Reptilia, and on the systematic arrangement of the class, Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 19, 194-247

Cope E. D. Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1, 1-109

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

McGrew P. O., Berman J. E., et al (1959) The geology and paleontology of the Elk Mountain and Tabernacle Butte area, Wyoming, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 117 3, 117-176

Estes R. (1964) Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49, 1-187

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Estes R., Berberian P. (1970) Paleoecology of a Late Cretaceous vertebrate community from Montana, Breviora 343, 1-35

Frank N., Ramus E. (1996) A Complete Guide to Scientific and Common Names of Reptiles and Amphibians of the World, 1-377

Hecht M., LaDuke T. (1997) Limbless Tetrapods, Vertebrate paleontology in the Neotropics. The Miocene fauna of La Venta, Colombia

Gardner J. D., Cifelli R. L. (1999) A primitive snake from the Cretaceous of Utah, Special Papers in Palaeontology 60, 87-100

Nydam R. L. (2002) Lizards of the Mussentuchit Local Fauna (Albian-Cenomanian boundary) and comments on the evolution of the Cretaceous lizard fauna of North America, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 3, 645-660

Vidal N., Hedges S. B. (2002) Higher-level relationships of snakes inferred from four nuclear and mitochondrial genes, Comptes Rendus Biologies 325 9, 977-985

Head J. J. (2005) Authorizor opinion, Jason Head.

Augé M., Rage J.-C. (2006) Herpetofaunas from the Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene of Morocco, Annales de Paléontologie 92 3, 235-253 doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2005.09.001

Böhme M. (2008) Ectothermic vertebrates (Teleostei, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Testudines, Choristodera, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Upper Oligocene of Oberleichtersbach (Northern Bavaria, Germany), Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 260, 161-183

McDiarmid, Roy W., Jonathan A. Campbell, and T'Shaka A. Touré, 1999: null. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. xi + 511. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 651 Anilius Oken, 1816 (Reptilia): validation under the Plenary Powers.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 20, 111-113 (1963) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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