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Chinchillidae

Description

The family Chinchillidae is in the order Rodentia and consists of the chinchillas, the viscachas, and their fossil relatives. This family is restricted to southern and western South America, mostly living in mountainous regions of the Andes but one species living on plains. They are medium to large-sized rodents, weighing from 800 g (28 oz) to 8 kg (18 lb), with strong hind legs and large ears and a bushy tail. All species have thick, soft fur, which is considered valuable in some cultures.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)5494https://www.gbif.org/species/5494
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)42075https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42075
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Chinchillidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-EuarchontogliresMurphy et al. 2001
-Glires
orderRodentia
suborderHystricomorpha
infraorderHystricognathi
-Caviomorpha
superfamilyChinchilloideaBennett 1833
familyChinchillidaeBennett 1833
Common Namechinchilid
Scientific NameChinchillidae
Name Published InProc. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol.1833 p.58
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Simplicidentatastated without evidenceFlower, 1883
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Hystricomorphastated with evidenceGadow, 1898
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Hystricognathistated without evidenceJaekel, 1911
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Chinchilloideastated without evidenceWood, 1958
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Chinchilloideastated with evidenceWood and Patterson, 1959
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to ChinchilloideaimpliedCarroll, 1988
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Chinchilloideastated without evidenceVucetich, 1989
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to RodentiaimpliedNowak, 1991
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to ChinchilloideaimpliedNowak, 1999
Chinchillidaefamilybelongs to Chinchilloideastated with evidenceHuchon and Douzery, 2001
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)38
Extant Size (PBDB)13 (34%)
First Recorded Appearance33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietherbivore
Ecospace Commentslife habit and diet based on Nowak 1999
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Common Name(s) Chinchillas And Viscachas, Chinchilid, Chinchillas, Viscachas, Chinchillas
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchillidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Lagostominae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)723.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Chinchilla
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Chinchilla0 Ma
Extant
Eoviscaccia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1133.9 Ma
Oligocene
21.0 Ma
Miocene
Lagidium
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Viscacha52.59 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Lagostomus
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Viscacha6511.6 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Pliolagostomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Prolagostomus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1623.0 Ma
Miocene
11.6 Ma
Miocene
Scotamys
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
229.0 Ma
Oligocene
29.0 Ma
Oligocene
Sphodromys
genus
doubtful (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1833Chinchillidae Bennett
1883Chinchillidae Flower p. 185
1891Chinchillidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1898Chinchillidae Gadow p. 43
1911Chinchillidae Jaekel p. 222
1958Chinchillidae Wood p. 172
1959Chinchillidae Wood and Patterson
YearName and Author
1988Chinchillidae Carroll
1989Chinchillidae Vucetich
1991Chinchillidae Nowak
1999Chinchillidae Nowak
2001Chinchillidae Huchon and Douzery p. 246
2015Chinchillidae Upham and Patterson

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Flower W. H. On the arrangement of the Orders and Families of existing Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883, 178-186
Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82
Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252
Wood A. E. (1958) Are there rodent suborders?, Systematic Zoology 7 4, 169-173
Wood A. E., Patterson B. (1959) The rodents of the Deseadan Oligocene of Patagonia and the beginnings of South American rodent evolution, Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 120, 279-428
Vucetich M. G. (1989) Rodents (Mammalia) of the Lacayani fauna revisited (Deseadan, Bolivia). Comparison with new Chinchillidae and Cephalomyidae from Argentina, Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 11 4, 233-247
Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II
Nowak R. M. (1999) , Walker's Mammals of the World, Sixth Edition II, 837-1936
Huchon D., Douzery E. J. P. (2001) From the Old World to the New World: a molecular chronicle of the phylogeny and biogeography of hystricognath rodents, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20 2, 238-251
Upham N. S., Patterson B. D. (2015) Evolution of caviomorph rodents: a complete phylogeny and timetree for living genera, Biology of Caviomorph Rodents: Diversity and Evolution, 63-120
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
McKenna, Malcolm C., and Susan K. Bell, 1997: null. Classification of mammals above the species level. 631. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Woods, Charles A., and C. William Kilpatrick / Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: Infraorder Hystricognathi Brandt, 1855. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vol. 2. 1538-1600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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