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Ochotonidae

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Description

A pika (PY-kə; archaically spelled pica) is a small mountain-dwelling mammal found in Asia and North America. With short limbs, very round body, an even coat of fur, and no external tail, they resemble their close cousin the rabbit, but with short rounded ears. The large-eared pika of the Himalayas and nearby mountains is found at heights of more than 6,000 metres (20,000 ft), among the highest of any mammal.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochotonidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5467	https://www.gbif.org/species/5467
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42155	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42155

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Euarchontoglires	Murphy et al. 2001
-	Glires
-	Duplicidentata
order	Lagomorpha	Brandt 1885
family	Ochotonidae	Thomas 1897

Common Name

pika

Scientific Name

Ochotonidae

Name Published In

Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol.1896 p.1026

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ochotonidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Ochotonidae	family	belongs to Duplicidentati	stated without evidence	Jaekel, 1911
Ochotonidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Ochotonidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	implied	Carroll, 1988
Ochotonidae	family	belongs to Lagomorpha	stated without evidence	Bendukidze et al., 2009

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

6 (8.3%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.4 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore

Ecospace Comments

life habit and diet based on Nowak 1999

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Common Name(s)

Pika, Pikas

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochotonidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Ochotoninae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		222	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Sinolagomyinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		163	33.9 Ma Oligocene	13.8 Ma Miocene
Alloptox ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		24	23.0 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Amphilagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		43	28.4 Ma Oligocene	11.1 Ma Miocene
Austrolagomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Bellatona ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	28.4 Ma Oligocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Bohlinotona ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	33.9 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene
Cuyamalagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		10	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Desmatolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		168	48.6 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Gripholagomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	30.8 Ma Oligocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Hesperolagomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	23.0 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Lagopsis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		48	23.0 Ma Miocene	12.8 Ma Miocene
Ochotona genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Pika	123	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Ochotonoma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Oklahomalagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.6 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Oreolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		32	30.8 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Piezodus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	28.4 Ma Oligocene	22.4 Ma Miocene
Prolagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		184	23.0 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Russellagus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	23.0 Ma Miocene	13.6 Ma Miocene
Sinolagomys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		127	33.9 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Titanomys ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	23.0 Ma Miocene	16.9 Ma Miocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Praotherium palatinum (Cope, 1871)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : *Praotherium palatinum*
Lagomys palatinus (Cope, 1871)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Lagomorpha : Ochotonidae : *Lagomys palatinus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1866	Lagomyidae Lilljeborg p. 9
1871	Praotherium palatinum Cope
1883	Lagomyidae Flower p. 185
1891	Lagomyidae Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1897	Ochotonidae Thomas
1899	Lagomys palatinus Cope
1902	Ochotona palatinus Hay p. 735

Year	Name and Author
1902	Ochotonidae Hay p. 735
1911	Ochotonidae Jaekel p. 221
1980	Ochotonidae Kurten and Anderson p. 275
1988	Ochotonidae Carroll
1991	Ochotonidae Nowak
2009	Ochotonidae Bendukidze et al. p. 349

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Flower W. H. On the arrangement of the Orders and Families of existing Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1883, 178-186

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II

Bendukidze O. G., de Bruijn H., et al (2009) A revision of Late Oligocene associations of small mammals from the Aral Formation (Kazakhstan) in the National Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi, Palaeodiversity 2, 343-377

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Smith, Andrew T., Charlotte H. Johnston, Paulo C., 2018: null. Lagomorphs. Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. 266. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Lissovsky, A. A. / Wilson, Don E., T. E. Lacher Jr., and R. A. Mittermeier, eds., 2016: Family Ochotonidae (Pikas). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 6: Lagomorphs and Rodents I. 28-60. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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