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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Notharctus tenebrosus

Description

Notharctus tenebrosus was an early primate from the early Eocene, some 54-38 million years ago. Its fossil was found by Ferdinand V. Hayden in 1870 in southwestern Wyoming. When first found, Notharctus tenebrosus was thought to be a small pachyderm due to the concentration of pachyderm fossils in the area. However, after Walter W. Granger's discovery of a nearly complete skeleton, also in Wyoming, it was firmly established as a primate. Notharctus tenebrosus most resembles modern-day lemurs, although they are not directly related.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4974586https://www.gbif.org/species/4974586
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)49200https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=49200
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus tenebrosus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus tenebrosus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
orderPrimatesLinnaeus 1758
suborderStrepsirrhiniGeoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812
infraorderAdapiformesHoffstetter 1977
superfamilyAdapoideaTrouessart 1879
familyNotharctidaeTrouessart 1879
genusNotharctusLeidy 1870
speciesNotharctus tenebrosusLeidy 1870
Generic NameNotharctus
Scientific NameNotharctus tenebrosus Leidy, 1870
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Notharctus tenebrosusspeciesbelongs to Notharctusstated without evidenceLeidy, 1870
Notharctus tenebrosusspeciesbelongs to Notharctusstated with evidenceLeidy, 1873
Notharctus tenebrosusspeciesbelongs to Notharctusstated without evidenceHay, 1902
Notharctus tenebrosusspeciesbelongs to Notharctusstated with evidenceGingerich, 1979
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
First Recorded Appearance50.3 - 46.2 Ma
Eocene
Last Recorded Appearance46.2 - 40.4 Ma
Eocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Mammalia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietomnivore (based on Primates)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Leidy. 1870. [Abstract of remarks made before a meeting of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, October 25th, 1870]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 22(3):113-114
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notharctus_tenebrosus

Fossil Distribution

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Notharctus osborni Granger & Gregory, 1917GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus osborni
Tomitherium rostratum Cope, 1872GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Tomitherium rostratum
Notharctus formosus Gregory, 1916GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus formosus
Notharctus pugnax Granger & Gregory, 1917GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus pugnax
Thinolestes anceps (Marsh, 1872)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Thinolestes anceps
Limnotherium tyrannus (Marsh, 1871)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Limnotherium tyrannus
Limnotherium affine (Marsh, 1872)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Limnotherium affine
Hipposyus formosus Leidy, 1872GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Hipposyus formosus
Notharctus tyrannus (Marsh, 1871)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus tyrannus
Notharctus anceps (Marsh, 1872)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus anceps
Notharctus affinis (Marsh, 1872)GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Notharctidae : Notharctus : Notharctus affinis

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1870Notharctus tenebrosus Leidy p. 114
1871Tomitherium rostratum Cope p. 470
1871Limnotherium tyrannus Marsh p. 43
1872Tomitherium rostratum Cope p. 2
1872Hipposyus formosus Leidy
1872Thinolestes anceps Marsh p. 205
1872Limnotherium affine Marsh p. 207
1873Tomitherium rostratus Cope p. 3
1873Limnotherium tyrannus Leidy p. 83
1873Notharctus tenebrosus Leidy p. 86
1873Hipposyus formosus Leidy p. 91
1878Tomitherium rostratum Osborn et al.
1902Tomitherium affine Hay p. 788
1902Tomitherium rostratum Hay p. 788
1902Limnotherium tyrannus Hay p. 789
YearName and Author
1902Notharctus tenebrosus Hay p. 789
1902Hipposyus formosus Hay p. 793
1902Thinolestes anceps Hay p. 794
1916Notharctus formosus Gregory
1917Notharctus affinis Granger and Gregory
1917Notharctus anceps Granger and Gregory
1917Notharctus osborni Granger and Gregory
1917Notharctus pugnax Granger and Gregory
1917Notharctus tyrannus Granger and Gregory
1979Notharctus pugnax Gingerich p. 158
1979Notharctus tenebrosus Gingerich p. 158
1982Notharctus pugnax Bown
1982Notharctus pugnax Eaton
1994Notharctus pugnax Alexander

References

Leidy J. [Abstract of remarks made before a meeting of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, October 25th, 1870], Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 22 3, 113-114
Cope E. D. Third account of new Vertebrata from the Bridger Eocene of Wyoming Territory, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12, 469-472
Marsh O. C. Notice of some new fossil mammals from the Tertiary Formation, American Journal of Science 2 7, 35-44 doi:10.2475/ajs.s3-2.7.35
Cope E. D. Third account of new Vertebrata from the Bridger Eocene of Wyoming Valley, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society (separate), 1-4
Marsh O. C. Preliminary description of new Tertiary mammals. Part II, American Journal of Science 4 21, 202-224 doi:10.2475/ajs.s3-4.21.202
Cope E. D. On some Eocene mammals, obtained by Hayden's Geological Survey of 1872, Paleontological Bulletin 12, 1-6
Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358
Osborn H. F., Scott W. B., et al Palaeontological Report of the Princeton Scientific Expedition of 1877, Contributions from the Museum of Geology and Archæology of Princeton College 1, 1-146
Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868
Granger W., Gregory W. K. (1917) A revision of the Eocene primates of the genus Notharctus, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 37 34
Gingerich P. D. (1979) Phylogeny of middle Eocene Adapidae (Mammalia, Primates) in North America: Smilodectes and Notharctus, Journal of Paleontology 53 1, 153-163
Bown T. M. (1982) Geology, Paleontology, and Correlation of Eocene Volcaniclastic Rocks, Southeast Absaroka Range, Hot Springs County, Wyoming, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1201-A, A1-A75
Eaton J. G. (1982) Paleontology and correlation of Eocene volcanic rocks in the Carter Mountain area, Park County, southeastern Absaroka Range, Wyoming, Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming 21 2, 153-194
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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