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Desmostylus hesperus ✝

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Description

Desmostylus is an extinct genus of herbivorous mammal of the family Desmostylidae living from the Chattian stage of the Late Oligocene subepoch through the Late Miocene subepoch (28.4 mya—7.250 Mya) and in existence for approximately 21.2 million years.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmostylus_hesperus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4968815	https://www.gbif.org/species/4968815
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	71834	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=71834

Rank

species

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : Desmostylus hesperus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostyloidea : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : Desmostylus hesperus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
order	Perissodactyla
order	Desmostylia	Reinhart 1953
order	Desmostyloidea	Abel 1933
family	Desmostylidae	Osborn 1905
genus	Desmostylus	Marsh 1888
species	Desmostylus hesperus	Marsh 1888

Generic Name

Desmostylus

Scientific Name

Desmostylus hesperus Marsh, 1888

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Desmostylus hesperus	species	belongs to Desmostylus	stated without evidence	Marsh, 1888
Desmostylus hesperus	species	belongs to Desmostylus	stated with evidence	VanderHoof, 1937
Desmostylus hesperus	species	belongs to Desmostylus	stated without evidence	Reinhart, 1959
Desmostylus hesperus	species	belongs to Desmostylus	stated with evidence	Domning, 1996
Desmostylus hesperus	species	belongs to Desmostylus	stated without evidence	Matsui, 2017

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 20.4 Ma
Cenozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

11.6 - 5.3 Ma
Miocene

Environment

coastal (based on Desmostylia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Desmostylia)

Diet

herbivore (based on Desmostylia)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Desmostylia)

Ontogeny

modification of parts (based on Desmostylia)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite (based on Desmostylia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

O. C. Marsh. 1888. Notice of a new fossil sirenian, from California. American Journal of Science 25(8):94-96

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmostylus_hesperus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Desmostylus hesperus hesperus subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Desmostylus hesperus japanicus subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Desmostylus watasei Hay, 1915	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus watasei*
Desmostylella typica Nagao, 1937	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylella typica*
Desmostylus japonicus (Tokunaga & Iwasaki, 1914)	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus japonicus*
Desmostylus cymatias Hannibal, 1922	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus cymatias*
Desmostylus minor Nagao, 1937	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus minor*
Desmostylus californicus Hay, 1923	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus californicus*
Desmostylus mirabilis Nagao, 1935	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus mirabilis*
Desmostylus hesperus japonicus (Tokunaga & Iwasaki, 1914)	GBIF	subspecies	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Desmostylidae : Desmostylus : *Desmostylus hesperus japonicus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1888	Desmostylus hesperus Marsh p. 95
1898	Desmostylus hesperus Trouessart p. 1006
1902	Desmostylus hesperus Hay p. 583
1904	Desmostylus hesperus Trouessart p. 751
1914	Desmostylus japonicus Tokunaga and Iwasaki
1915	Desmostylus watasei Hay p. 396 figs. not figured
1915	Desmostylus hesperus Hay p. 397
1915	Desmostylus watasei Hay p. 397
1922	Desmostylus hesperus Hannibal p. 238
1922	Desmostylus cymatias Hannibal p. 239
1923	Desmostylus californicus Hay p. 106
1925	Desmostylus hesperus Zittel p. 266
1930	Desmostylus californicus Hay p. 655
1930	Desmostylus hesperus Hay p. 655
1935	Desmostylus mirabilis Nagao p. 822

Year	Name and Author
1937	Desmostylus minor Nagao p. 46
1937	Desmostylella typica Nagao p. 82
1937	Desmostylus hesperus VanderHoof p. 189
1959	Desmostylus hesperus Reinhart p. 65
1961	Desmostylus mirabilis Ijiri and Kamei
1966	Desmostylus hesperus Shikama p. 157
1966	Desmostylus hesperus japonicus Shikama p. 161
1971	Desmostylus hesperus Dubrovo and Sinel'nikova p. 671
1974	Desmostylus hesperus japonicus Kamei and Okazaki p. 265
1995	Desmostylus hesperus Hasegawa et al. p. 5
1995	Desmostylus hesperus japonicus Hasegawa et al. p. 5
1996	Desmostylus hesperus Domning p. 394
2008	Desmostylus hesperus Domning p. 642
2009	Desmostylus japonicus Sakurai p. 22
2017	Desmostylus hesperus Matsui p. 3

References

Marsh O. C. Notice of a new fossil sirenian, from California, American Journal of Science 25 8, 94-96

Trouessart E. L. , Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilum 5, 665-1264

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Trouessart E. L. (1904) , Catalogus Mammalium Tam Viventium Quam Fossilium, Fourth Edition, 1-929

Hay O. (1915) A contribution to the knowledge of the extinct sirenian Desmostylus hesperus Marsh, Proceedings of the United States National Museum 49, 381-397

Hannibal H. (1922) Notes on Tertiary Sirenians of the Genus Desmostylus, Journal of Mammalogy 3 4, 238-240

Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074

Nagao T. (1935) Desmostylus mirabilis sp. nov. from Keton in Sakhalin, Chishitsugaku zasshi 42, 822-824

Nagao T. (1937) Desmostylella, a new genus of Desmostylidae from Japan, Proceedings of the Imperial Academy, Tokyo 13 3, 82-85

VanderHoof V. L. (1937) A study of the Miocene sirenian Desmostylus, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 24 8, 169-262

Reinhart R. H. (1959) A review of the Sirenia and Desmostylia, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 36 1, 1-146

Shikama T. (1966) Postcranial skeletons of Japanese Desmostylia, Palaeontological Society of Japan Special Papers 12, 1-202

Dubrovo I. A., Sinel'nikova V. N. (1971) Neogene desmostylids of Kamchatka, Doklady Akademii Nausk SSSR 199 3, 670-673

Kamei T., Okazaki Y. (1974) Mammalian fossils from the Mizunami Group, Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum 1, 263-291

Hasegawa Y., Muramatsu T., et al (1995) A desmostylian tooth from the Tomikusa Group, Nagano Prefecture, Scientific Reports of the Yokohoma National University, Section II 41/42, 1-11

Domning D. P. (1996) Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 80, 1-611

Domning D. P. (2008) Desmostylia, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, Volume II, 640-645

Matsui K. (2017) How can we reliably identify a taxon based on humeral morphology? Comparative morphology of desmostylian humeri, PeerJ 5, e4011 doi:10.7717/peerj.4011

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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