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Siphonotretidae ✝

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Description

Siphonotretida is an extinct order of Brachiopoda, comprising the sole superfamily Siphonotretoidea, itself containing the sole family Siphonotretidae. They are thought to be most closely related to the Lingulellotretidae or dysoristids.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphonotretidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4864524	https://www.gbif.org/species/4864524
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	82433	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=82433

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Lingulata : Siphonotretida : Siphonotretidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Linguliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Lingulata	Gorjansky and Popov 1985
order	Siphonotretida	Gorjansky 1960
superfamily	Siphonotretoidea	Kutorga 1848
family	Siphonotretidae	Kutorga 1848

Scientific Name

Siphonotretidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretacea	stated without evidence	Wright, 1963
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretacea	stated with evidence	Holmer, 1986
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretida	stated with evidence	Popov and Nolvak, 1987
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretacea	stated with evidence	Holmer, 1989
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretoidea	stated with evidence	Puura and Holmer, 1993
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretida	stated without evidence	Popov et al., 2002
Siphonotretidae	family	belongs to Siphonotretoidea	stated with evidence	Hansen and Holmer, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

516 - 513 Ma
Cambrian

Last Recorded Appearance

272 - 269 Ma
Permian

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Brachiopoda)

Vision

blind (based on Lingulata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Brachiopoda)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

L.E. Popov, L.E. Holmer, and JF Miller. 2002. Lingulate brachiopods from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds of Utah. Journal of Paleontology 76(2):211-228

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphonotretidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Acanthamboniinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Schizamboninae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Acanthambonia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	34	485 Ma Cambrian	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Alichovia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	485 Ma Cambrian	470 Ma Middle Ordovician
Celdobolus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	485 Ma Cambrian	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician
Cyrbasiotreta ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Eosiphonotreta ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	41	485 Ma Cambrian	468 Ma Middle Ordovician
Helmersenia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	497 Ma Cambrian	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Karnotreta ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Mesotreta ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Multispinula ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	14	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Nushbiella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Oaxaquiatreta ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	499 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Orbaspina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Quasithambonia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Schizambon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	38	501 Ma Cambrian	452 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Siphonobolus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	497 Ma Cambrian	485 Ma Cambrian
Siphonotreta ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	10	516 Ma Cambrian	272 Ma Permian
Siphonotretella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	485 Ma Cambrian	478 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1848	Siphonotretidae Kutorga
1963	Siphonotretidae Wright
1986	Siphonotretidae Holmer
1987	Siphonotretidae Popov and Nolvak
1989	Siphonotretidae Holmer
1993	Siphonotretidae Puura and Holmer
2000	Siphonotretidae Williams et al. p. 139
2002	Siphonotretidae Popov et al. p. 221
2011	Siphonotretidae Hansen and Holmer

References

Popov L.E., Holmer L.E., et al (2002) Lingulate brachiopods from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds of Utah, Journal of Paleontology 76 2, 211-228

Wright A. D. (1963) The fauna of the Portrane Limestone 1. The inarticulate brachiopods, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 8 5, 224-254

Holmer L. E. (1986) Inarticulate brachiopods around the Middle-Upper Ordovician boundary in Västergötland, Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 108 2, 97-126 doi:10.1080/11035898609452633

Popov L. E., Nolvak J. (1987) Revision of the Morphology and Systematic Position of the Genus Acanthambonia (Brachiopoda, Inarticulata), Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Geoloogia Institut 36, 14-19

Holmer L. E. (1989) Middle Ordovician phosphatic inarticulate brachiopods from Västergötland and Dalarna, Sweden, Fossils and Strata 26, 1-172

Puura I., Holmer L. E. (1993) Lingulate brachiopods from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary beds in Sweden, Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 115 3, 215-237 doi:10.1080/11035899309452754

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Hansen J., Holmer L. E. (2011) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Ordovician brachiopods from northeastern Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen, Zootaxa 3076, 1-122

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Museum Victoria KEmu database (Oct 2006) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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