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Nimravides

Description

Nimravides is a genus of extinct saber-toothed cats that lived in North America during the Late Miocene, between 10.3 and 5.332 Ma. Despite its scientific name, Nimravides does not belong to the Nimravidae, but is a true cat, belonging to the family Felidae. Nimravides catacopsis, one of the largest and latest species, was quite large, measuring 100 cm (1.0 m) at the shoulder and was similar in size to a large tiger. It was also possessed of long, powerful legs and a long back. For many decades, it was also believed to be a member of the genus Machairodus, but, despite the similarities between them at first glance, based on autapomorphies in the skeleton, the two animals are too different to be classified as species of the same genus, and thus, Nimravides remains separate as its own genus within the Homotherini.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4833935https://www.gbif.org/species/4833935
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)41065https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41065
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Nimravides
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-LaurasiatheriaWaddell et al. 1999
-ScrotiferaWaddell et al. 1999
-FeraeLinnaeus 1758
-CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
-CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivoraBowditch 1821
suborderFeliformiaKretzoi 1945
superfamilyAeluroideaFlower 1869
familyFelidaeGray 1821
subfamilyMachairodontinaeGill 1872
tribeHomotheriiniFabrini 1890
genusNimravidesKitts 1958
Scientific NameNimravides Kitts, 1958
Name Published InJ. Mammal. 39
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Nimravinaestated with evidenceKitts, 1958
Nimravidesgenussubjective synonym of Pseudaelurusstated without evidenceDalquest, 1969
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Felidaestated without evidenceMartin and Schultz, 1975
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Machairodontinistated without evidenceBerta and Galiano, 1983
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to FelidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Felinaestated without evidenceMartin, 1998
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Homotheriinistated without evidenceSlater and Van Valkenburgh, 2008
Nimravidesgenusbelongs to Homotheriinistated with evidenceAntón et al., 2013
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 10.3 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Felidae)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)D. B. Kitts. 1958. Nimravides, a New Genus of Felidae from the Pliocene of California, Texas and Oklahoma. Journal of Mammalogy 39(3):368-375
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimravides

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Nimravides galiani
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
313.6 Ma
Miocene
13.6 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus hibbardi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
110.3 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus pedionomus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
213.6 Ma
Miocene
13.6 Ma
Miocene
Pseudaelurus thinobates
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
923.0 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1958Nimravides Kitts p. 368
1975Nimravides Martin and Schultz
1981Nimravides Baskin
1983Nimravides Berta and Galiano p. 896
1988Nimravides Carroll
1998Nimravides Martin p. 238
2008Nimravides Slater and Van Valkenburgh p. 407
2013Nimravides Antón et al. p. 1211

References

Kitts D. B. (1958) Nimravides, a New Genus of Felidae from the Pliocene of California, Texas and Oklahoma, Journal of Mammalogy 39 3, 368-375 doi:10.2307/1376145
Martin L. D., Schultz C. B. (1975) Scimitar-toothed cats, Machairodus and Nimravides, from the Pliocene of Kansas and Nebraska, Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 10 1, 55-63
Baskin J. A. (1981) Barbourofelis (Nimravidae) and Nimravides (Felidae), with a Description of Two New Species from the Late Miocene of Florida, Journal of Mammalogy 62 1, 122-139
Berta A., Galiano H. (1983) Megantereon hesperus from the late Hemphillian of Florida with remarks on the phylogenetic relationships of machairodonts (Mammalia, Felidae, Machairodontinae), Journal of Paleontology 57 5, 892-899
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Martin L. D. (1998) Felidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 236-242
Slater G. J., Van Valkenburgh B. (2008) Long in the tooth: evolution of sabertooth cat cranial shape, Paleobiology 34 3, 403-419 doi:dx.doi.org/10.1666/07061.1
Antón M., Salesa M. J., et al (2013) Machairodont adaptations and affinities of the Holarctic Late Miocene homotherin Machairodus (Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae): the case of Machairodus catocopis Cope, 1887, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 5, 1202-1213
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
J. Mammal. 39 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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