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Rhynchosauridae ✝

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Description

Rhynchosaurs were a group of Triassic diapsid reptiles from the group Archosauromorpha, meaning they were distantly related to the archosaurs.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhynchosauridae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4821974	https://www.gbif.org/species/4821974
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38206	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38206

Rank

family (GBIF)
unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosauridae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Rhynchosauridae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Rhynchosauria
family	Rhynchosauridae

Scientific Name

Rhynchosauridae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchocephalia	stated with evidence	Cope, 1871
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchosauri	stated with evidence	Jaekel, 1910
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchocephalia	stated without evidence	Haughton and Brink, 1954
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchosauria	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1966
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchosauroidea	stated with evidence	Benton, 1985
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchosauria	implied	Carroll, 1988
Rhynchosauridae	unranked clade	belongs to Rhynchosauroidea	stated without evidence	Long and Murry, 1995
Rhynchosauridae	family	belongs to Rhynchosauria	stated with evidence	Mukherjee and Ray, 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

247 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

209 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore (based on Rhynchosauria)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

E. D. Cope. 1871. On the homologies of some of the cranial bones of the Reptilia, and on the systematic arrangement of the class. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 19:194-247

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhynchosauridae

External Images

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Rhynchosaurinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Stenaulorhynchinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)	11	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Ammorhynchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Bentonyx ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Brasinorhynchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Eifelosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Fodonyx ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	21	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Hyperodapedon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	48	237 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Isalorhynchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	242 Ma Middle Triassic	242 Ma Middle Triassic
Langeronyx ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Mesodapedon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Otischalkia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	237 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Rhynchosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Stenaulorhynchus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Teyumbaita ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Hyperodapedontinae ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	58	242 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Rhynchosaurida	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhynchosaurida
Rhyncosauridae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchosauria : Rhyncosauridae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1871	Rhynchosauridae Cope p. 235
1875	Rhynchosauridae Cope p. 15
1890	Rhynchosauridae Zittel p. 591
1893	Rhynchosauridae Boulenger p. 210
1910	Rhynchosauridae Jaekel p. 333
1946	Rhynchosauridae Kuhn p. 62
1948	Scaphonychidae Huene
1954	Rhyncosauridae Haughton and Brink p. 4

Year	Name and Author
1966	Rhynchosauridae Kuhn p. 38
1966	Rhynchosaurida Olson p. 301
1985	Rhynchosauridae Benton p. 154
1988	Rhynchosauridae Carroll
1995	Rhynchosauridae Long and Murry
2015	Rhynchosauridae Mukherjee and Ray
2016	Rhynchosauridae Ezcurra et al.

References

Cope E. D. On the homologies of some of the cranial bones of the Reptilia, and on the systematic arrangement of the class, Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 19, 194-247

Cope E. D. Check-list of North American Batrachia and Reptilia; with a systematic list of the higher groups, and an essay on geographical distribution. Based on the specimens contained in the U. S. National Museum, Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1, 1-109

Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900

Jaekel O. (1910) Über das System der Reptilien [On the system of reptiles], Zoologische Anzeiger 35, 324-341

Kuhn O. (1946) Das System der fossilen und rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien [The system of fossil and recent amphibians and reptiles], Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bamberg 29, 49-67

Haughton S. H., Brink A. S. (1954) A bibliographical list of Reptilia from the Karroo Beds of South Africa, Palaeontologia Africana 2, 1-187

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Olson E. C. (1966) Community evolution and the origin of mammals, Ecology 47 2, 291-302

Benton M. J. (1985) Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 84 2, 97-164

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Long R. A., Murry P. A. (1995) Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the southwestern United States, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4, 1-254

Mukherjee D., Ray S. (2015) A new Hyperodapedon (Archosauromorpha, Rhynchosauria) from the upper Triassic of India: implications for rhynchosaur phylogeny, Palaeontology 57 6, 1241-1276

Ezcurra M. D., Montefeltro F., et al (2016) The Early Evolution of Rhynchosaurs, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 3, 142

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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