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Polrussia

Description

Polrussia is an extinct genus of iguanian lizards dating to the Late Cretaceous epoch, found in what is now Mongolia. It belongs to a group of extinct iguanians called Gobiguania that was endemic to the Gobi Desert during the Late Cretaceous. The type species Polrussia mongoliensis was named in 1991 on the basis of a skull found in the Barun Goyot Formation. The genus name refers to the Polish and Russian paleontologists who worked together to find and describe the material. Polrussia has a short skull, slightly pointed and flattened snout, and large eye sockets. The teeth each have one cusp, as opposed to the multiple cusps seen in some other gobiguanians. The skull is only 1.2 centimetres (0.47 in) long, making Polrussia one of the smallest gobiguanians.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4819256https://www.gbif.org/species/4819256
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)92737https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=92737
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Squamata : Polrussia
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Lepidosauromorpha
superorderLepidosauria
orderSquamataOppel 1811
-IguanomorphaSukhanov 1961
genusPolrussiaBorsuk-Bialynicka & Alifanov 1991
Scientific NamePolrussia Borsuk-Bialynicka & Alifanov, 1991
Name Published InActa Palaeontol Pol 36 (3)
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Iguaniastated with evidenceBorsuk-Bialynicka and Alifanov, 1991
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Iguanidaestated without evidenceAlifanov, 1993
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Phrynosomatidaestated with evidenceAlifanov, 2000
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Iguaniastated with evidenceConrad et al., 2007
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Pleurodontastated with evidenceConrad and Norell, 2007
Polrussiagenusbelongs to Iguanomorphastated with evidenceDeMar et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Diapsida)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)M. Borsuk-Bialynicka and V. Alifanov. 1991. First Asiatic 'iguanid' lizards in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36(3):325-342
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polrussia

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Polrussia mongoliensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
283.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1991Polrussia Borsuk-Bialynicka and Alifanov p. 337
1993Polrussia Alifanov p. 10
2000Polrussia Alifanov p. 369
2000Polrussia Gao and Norell p. 31
2007Polrussia Conrad and Norell fig. 19
2007Polrussia Conrad et al. p. 1370
2017Polrussia DeMar Jr et al.

References

Borsuk-Bialynicka M., Alifanov V. (1991) First Asiatic 'iguanid' lizards in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36 3, 325-342
Alifanov V. (1993) Some peculiarities of the Cretaceous and Palaeogene lizard faunas of the Mongolian people's Republic, Darmstädter Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte 3, 9-13
Alifanov V. R. (2000) The fossil record of Cretaceous lizards from Mongolia, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 368-389
Gao K., Norell M. A. (2000) Taxonomic composition and systematics of Late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from Ukhaa Tolgod and adjacent localities, Mongolian Gobi Desert, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 249, 1-118
Conrad J. L., Norell M. A. (2007) A complete Late Cretaceous iguanian (Squamata, Reptilia) from the Gobi and identification of a new iguanian clade, American Museum Novitates 3584, 1-47
Conrad J. L., Rieppel O., et al (2007) A Green River (Eocene) polychrotid (Squamata, Reptilia) and a re-examination of iguanian systematics, Journal of Paleontology 81 6, 1365-1373
DeMar Jr D. G., Conrad J. L., et al (2017) A new Late Cretaceous iguanomorph from North America and the origin of New World Pleurodonta (Squamata, Iguania), Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 284, 20161902:1-7
NZ cross ref or inferred from publ. title - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Acta Palaeontol Pol 36 (3) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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