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Scyphozoa

Description

The Scyphozoa are an exclusively marine class of the phylum Cnidaria, referred to as the true jellyfish (or "true jellies"). It may include the extinct fossil group the Conulariida, whose affinities are uncertain and widely debated.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scyphozoa, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	352	https://www.gbif.org/species/352
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	4535	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=4535

Rank

class

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Cnidaria : Scyphozoa

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification

Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	Linnaeus 1758
phylum	Cnidaria	Hatschek 1888
class	Scyphozoa	Goette 1887
Unranked entries are considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Scientific Name

Scyphozoa

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

116

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (1.7%)

First Recorded Appearance

635 - 541 Ma
Neoproterozoic

Vision

blind

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Common Name(s)

Jellyfish, Cup Animals, Jellyfishes, Scyphomedusae, Scyphozoans

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scyphozoa

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Coronatae order	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Rhizostomeae order	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Semaeostomeae order	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Carinachitidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Circonulariidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Conulariellidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Conulariopsidae ✝ family	accepted		1	251 Ma Early Triassic	247 Ma Early Triassic
Corumbellidae ✝ family	accepted		7	635 Ma Neoproterozoic	541 Ma Cambrian
Hexangulaconulariidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Kimberellidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Pomoriidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Rhizostomitidae family	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Beijingoconularia ✝ genus	accepted		1	279 Ma Permian	272 Ma Permian
Cheliconularia ✝ genus	accepted		2	296 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Circonularia ✝ genus	accepted		0
Climacoconus ✝ genus	accepted		2	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late Ordovician
Conchopeltis ✝ genus	accepted		1	461 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late Ordovician
Conomedusites ✝ genus	accepted		3	635 Ma Neoproterozoic	541 Ma Cambrian
Corumbella ✝ genus	accepted		7	635 Ma Neoproterozoic	541 Ma Cambrian
Ediacaria ✝ genus	accepted		9	635 Ma Neoproterozoic	485 Ma Cambrian
Eoconularia ✝ genus	accepted		3	478 Ma Early Ordovician	445 Ma Late Ordovician
Garraconularia ✝ genus	accepted		0
Haplorhiza genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Hexangulaconularia ✝ genus	accepted		3	541 Ma Cambrian	516 Ma Cambrian
Mawsonites genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Pustuloconularia ✝ genus	accepted		2	260 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Selindeochrea genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Sinusconularia genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Stellostomites genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Tirasiana ✝ genus	accepted		5	635 Ma Neoproterozoic	530 Ma Cambrian
Vendoconularia genus	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Dactyloidites asteroides species	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Dactyloidites edsoni species	accepted	No associated record in PBDB
Hyolithoconularia striata species	accepted	No associated record in PBDB

Unlinked PBDB sub-entries

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Extant	Oldest	Youngest
Coronatida ✝ order	Not linked to GBIF	1	extinct	513 Ma Cambrian	501 Ma Cambrian
Semaeostomatida order	Not linked to GBIF	2	extant	513 Ma Cambrian	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Lithorhizostomatida order	Not linked to GBIF	0
Rhizostomatida ✝ order	Not linked to GBIF	1	extinct	242 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Metaconularia ✝ genus	Not linked to GBIF	18	extinct	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	419 Ma Early Devonian
Conulariida ✝ order	Not linked to GBIF	396	extinct	488 Ma Cambrian	201 Ma Early Jurassic

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1887	Scyphozoa Goette
1998	Scyphozoa Barnes p. 185
2002	Scyphozoa Sepkoski, Jr.
2013	Scyphozoa Kayal et al.
2015	Scyphozoa Pacheco et al. p. 14

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Kayal E., Roure B., et al (2013) Cnidarian phylogenetic relationships as revealed by mitogenomics, BMC Evolutionary Biology 13, 5

Pacheco M. L. A.F., Galante D., et al (2015) Insights into the skeletonization, lifestyle, and affinity of the unusual Ediacaran fossil Corumbella, PLoS One 10 3, e0114219

Cairns, Stephen D., Dale R. Calder, Anita Brinckmann-Voss, Clovis B. Castro, Daphne G. Fautin,..., 2002: Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora, Second Edition, 2002. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 28. xi + 115. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

MARYMEGAN DALY, MERCER R. BRUGLER, PAULYN CARTWRIGHT, ALLEN G. COLLINS, MICHAEL N. DAWSON, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN, SCOTT C. FRANCE, CATHERINE S. MCFADDEN, DENNIS M. OPRESKO, ESTEFANIA RODRIGUEZ, SANDRA L. ROMANO & JOEL L. STAKE (2007) The phylum Cnidaria: A review of phylogenetic patterns and diversity 300 years after Linnaeus. Zootaxa 1668: 127–182. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Marques, Antonio C., and Allen G. Collins, 2004: Cladistic analysis of Medusozoa and cnidarian evolution. Invertebrate Biology, vol. 123, no. 1. 23-42. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Moore, Raymond C., 1956: null. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part F: Coelenterata. xx + F1-F498. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

WoRMS (2016) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Howson, C.M.; Picton, B.E. (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK. ISBN 0-948150-06-8. vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Cornelius, P.F.S. (2001). Cubozoa, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 111 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Kayal, E.; Roure, B.; Philippe, H.; Collins, A. G.; Lavrov, D. V. (2013). Cnidarian phylogenetic relationships as revealed by mitogenomics. BMC Evol Biol. 13(1): 5. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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