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Cyclopygidae ✝
| Description | Cyclopygidae is a family of asaphid trilobites from the Ordovician. Cyclopygids had an extratropical distribution, and there is evidence that they lived in darker parts of the water column (around 175m deep). Cyclopygids are characterized by enlarged eyes, with a wide angle of view, both horizontal and vertical, reminiscent of the eyes of dragonflies. These typically touch the glabella directly on the side. Cyclopygids all lack genal spines, but Symphysops carries a forward directed frontal spine on the glabella. It is presumed that at least the members of the genus Pricyclopyge swam upside down and had bioluminescent organs on the third thorax segment. Cyclopygids had between 7 and 5 thorax segments, a wide and stout axis, and short side lobes (or pleurae). From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopygidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Asaphida : Cyclopygidae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Cyclopygidae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 485 - 479 Ma Paleozoic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Recorded Appearance | 450 - 444 Ma Paleozoic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | marine (based on Trilobita) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | well-developed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | microcarnivore | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontogeny | molting,addition of parts (based on Trilobita) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ecospace Comments | BODY SIZE: Based on component genera; 3 of 3 genera share 10 to < 100 length, 3 of 3 share 10 to < 100 width JA: originally entered as a "suspension feeder," but "pelagic" and probably fed on "zooplankton" according to Fortey and Owens 1999 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | low Mg calcite, chitin (based on Trilobita) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | P. A. Jell and J. M. Adrain. 2002. Available generic names for trilobites. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 48(2):331-553 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopygidae |
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pricyclopyginae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 25 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Aeglina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Aspidaeglina ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | |
| Bohemilla ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 10 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 453 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Circulocrania ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | |
| Cyclopyge ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 118 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Degamella ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 11 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Ellipsotaphrus ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 9 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Emmrichops ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Gastropolus ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Girvanopyge ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 6 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Heterocyclopyge ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 10 | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | 450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Microparia ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 44 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Novakella ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 8 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Phylacops ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 7 | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | 450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Pricyclopyge ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 25 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 461 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Prospectatrix ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | |
| Psilacella ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician | 456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Sagavia ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 11 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 458 Ma Middle Ordovician | |
| Symphysops ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 20 | 466 Ma Middle Ordovician | 450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Xenocyclopyge ✝ genus | doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | 458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician | |
| Girvanopyge problematica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1872 | Bohemillidae Barrande |
| 1925 | Cyclopygidae Raymond |
| 1997 | Bohemillidae Whittington et al. p. 301 |
| 1997 | Cyclopygidae Whittington et al. p. 301 |
| 2002 | Cyclopygidae Jell and Adrain p. 469 |
| 2011 | Cyclopygidae Adrain p. 107 |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
