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Opis ✝
| Description | Opis (Akkadian Upî or Upija; Ancient Greek: Ὦπις) was an ancient Babylonian city near the Tigris, not far from modern Baghdad. Akkadian and Greek texts indicate that it was located on the east side of the Tigris, near the Diyala River. While the precise site of the city has been considered uncertain for a long time, recent geographical surveys of ancient Mesopotamia identify Opis with great probability as the mound called Tall al-Mujailāt (or Tulūl al-Mujaili`), 20 miles (32 km) southeast in a straight line from central Baghdad and 47 miles (76 km) northeast in a straight line from ancient Babylon. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opis, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | genus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Opis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Scientific Name | Opis Defrance, 1825 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Dict. Sci. Nat., 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 247 - 242 Ma Triassic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Recorded Appearance | 59.2 - 56.0 Ma Paleocene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | facultatively mobile (based on Crassatelloidea) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vision | blind (based on Bivalvia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | suspension feeder (based on Crassatelloidea) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | aragonite (based on Bivalvia) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opis |
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opis (Coelopis) ✝ subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 12 | 247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic | 151 Ma Late Jurassic | |
| Opis (Hesperopis) ✝ subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 28 | 93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Opis (Pachyopis) ✝ subgenus | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Opis (Protopis) ✝ subgenus | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Opis (Trigonopis) ✝ subgenus | listed (PBDB) | 20 | 212 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 157 Ma Jurassic | |
| Cardita hoeninghausii species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Corbula triangulata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis affinis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 242 Ma Middle Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis alata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis anae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis angulosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis barnensis ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 2 | 209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis bifrons ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis bigoti ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Opis buvignieri species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis californica ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 129 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Opis cardissoides ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 151 Ma Late Jurassic | 151 Ma Late Jurassic | |
| Opis castanyi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis cloacina ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Opis corallina ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 11 | 164 Ma Middle Jurassic | 161 Ma Jurassic | |
| Opis cotteausia species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis davoustiana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis deshayesii species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis elegans species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis elevata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis goldfussiana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis gortanii ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Opis hoeninghausii ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 3 | 237 Ma Middle Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis holzana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis hugardiana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis icaunensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis inornata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis kobyi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis ladina ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis laubei ✝ species | listed (PBDB) | 1 | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | 235 Ma Late/Upper Triassic | |
| Opis ligeriensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis lorieriana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis luciensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis lycetti species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis maroimensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis moreana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis neocomiensis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Opis parvocardinata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis piettei species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis popenoei species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis praesimilis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis pulchella species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis radisensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis rathieriana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis rosarioensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis rupellensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis rustica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis sabaudiana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis sarthacensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis texana species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis thais species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis thalia species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis thonensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis truellei species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis vancouverensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis venus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Opis virginalis ✝ species | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | 59.2 Ma Paleocene | |
| Opis woodwardi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Obsolete Names
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hesperopis Squires & Saul, 2009 | GBIF | genus | Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Carditida : Astartidae : Hesperopis |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1824 | Opis Defrance |
| 1895 | Opis Stanton p. 56 |
| 1923 | Astarte (Opis) Trechmann p. 280 |
| 1980 | Opis Vokes p. 123 |
| 2002 | Opis Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2010 | Opis Bouchet et al. |
| 2014 | Opis Ros-Franch et al. |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
