Description | The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-grey back, barred white underparts, and a black head. The Peregrine is renowned for its speed, reaching over 320 km/h (200 mph) during its characteristic hunting stoop (high-speed dive), making it the fastest bird in the world and the fastest member of the animal kingdom. According to a National Geographic TV program, the highest measured speed of a peregrine falcon is 389 km/h (242 mph). As is typical of bird-eating raptors, peregrine falcons are sexually dimorphic, with females being considerably larger than males. According to one study, it has the fastest visual processing speed of any animal tested so far, and can register discrete changes up to 129 Hz or cycles per second. As an analogy, film is a series of still images projected onto a screen. Those still images need to be changing at roughly 25 frames per second before humans see them as fluid and no longer as individual, discrete pictures. The film would have to be refreshing at 129 frames per second before peregrine falcons stopped seeing flashing, still images and started seeing fluid motion.
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Source Data | |
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Rank | species |
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Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco peregrinus |
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Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Falconiformes : Falconidae : Falco : Falco peregrinus |
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Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
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Classification (PBDB,GBIF) | |
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Generic Name | Falco |
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Common Name | Peregrine falcon |
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Scientific Name | Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 |
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Name Published In | Tunstall, Marmaduke. 1771. Ornithologia britannica. J. Dixwell, London.: ; 1-4. |
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Opinions (PBDB) | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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Falco peregrinus | species | belongs to Falco | stated with evidence | Tunstall, 1771 | Falco peregrinus | species | belongs to Falco | stated without evidence | Broughton, 2004 | Falco peregrinus | species | belongs to Falco | stated with evidence | Bedetti and Pavia, 2013 | Falco peregrinus | species | belongs to Falco | stated without evidence | del Hoyo et al., 2014 | Falco peregrinus | species | belongs to Falco | stated with evidence | Clements et al., 2017 |
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Status (PBDB) | extant |
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Taxon Size (PBDB) | 1 |
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Extant Size (PBDB) | 1 (100%) |
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First Recorded Appearance | 2.59 - 0.78 Ma Pleistocene |
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Environment | terrestrial (based on Falconidae) |
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Motility | actively mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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Diet | carnivore (based on Falconidae) |
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Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda) |
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Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda) |
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Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda) |
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Primary Reference (PBDB) | M. Boule and L. De Villeneuve. 1927. La grotte de l'Observatoire à Monaco. Archives de l'Institut de Paléontologie Humaine Mémoire 1:1-113 |
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Common Name(s) | Peregrine Falcon, Faucon Pélerin, Halcón Peregrino, Wanderfalke, Cапсан, Fabhcún Gorm, Falco Pellegrino, Faucon Pèlerin, Gok Dogan, Gök Doğan, Hebog Tramor, Krahathadra, Krahathata, Krahëthati, Peregrine, Pilgrimsfalk, Sakalas Keleivis, Slechtvalk, Sokol Selec, Sokół Wędrowny, Vandrefalk, şoim Călător, şoimul Călător, Πετρίτης, Сапса́н (настоя́щий со́кол), Сокол скитник, настоящий сокол, сапсан, בז נודד, Peregrine Falcon (eurasian), Belatz Handia, Falcó Pelegrí, Falcón Peregrino, Muuttohaukka, Vándorsólyom, Pellegrino, Lielais Piekuns, Sokól Wedrowny, Falcão-peregrino, Ferðafalkur, Förufálki, Swerfvalk, Lielais Piekūns, Rabapistrik, Sokol Stěhovavý, Sokol Sťahovavý, Сапсан, เหยี่ยวเพเรกริน, ハヤブサ, 游隼, 遊隼 |
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Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falco_peregrinus |
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