| Description | The dugong (Dugong dugon) is a medium-sized marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas), was hunted to extinction in the 18th century. The dugong is the only strictly herbivorous marine mammal.
|
|---|
| Source Data | |
|---|
| Rank | genus |
|---|
| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia : Dugongidae : Dugong |
|---|
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Sirenia : Dugongidae : Dugong |
|---|
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
|---|
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
|---|
| Common Name | dugong |
|---|
| Scientific Name | Dugong Lacépède, 1799 |
|---|
| Name Published In | Lacépède, Bernard G. É. de. 1799. Discours d'ouverture et de clôture du cours d'histoire naturelle : donné dans le Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, l'an VII de la République, et tableaux méthodiques des mammifères et des oiseaux. , Paris. |
|---|
| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Dugong | genus | belongs to Dugongidae | stated without evidence | Gray, 1821 | | Dugong | genus | subjective synonym of Halicore | stated without evidence | Trouessart, 1904 | | Dugong | genus | belongs to Dugonginae | stated without evidence | Simpson, 1932 | | Dugong | genus | belongs to Dugonginae | stated with evidence | Voss, 2014 | | Dugong | genus | belongs to Dugonginae | stated without evidence | Domning, 2018 |
|
|---|
| Status (PBDB) | extant |
|---|
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 2 |
|---|
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 2 (100%) |
|---|
| First Recorded Appearance | 7.25 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene |
|---|
| Environment | marine (based on Sirenia) |
|---|
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) |
|---|
| Diet | herbivore (based on Dugongidae) |
|---|
| Reproduction | viviparous (based on Sirenia) |
|---|
| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) |
|---|
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | B. G. E. Lacépède. 1799. Tabeau les divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des mammiferes. |
|---|
| Common Name(s) | Dugongs, Dugong |
|---|
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugong |
|---|
| Lacépède B. G. E. Tabeau les divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des mammiferes |
| Illiger C. , Prodromus Systematis Mammalium et Avium |
| Gray J. E. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals, The London Medical Repository Monthly Journal and Review 15, 296-310 |
| Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344 |
| Fischer J. B. , Synopsis Mammalium, 1-752 |
| Gray J. E. , Catalogue of the Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum, with descriptions of all the species and figures of the genera. Part I. Cetacea, 1-153 |
| Pictet F. -J. , Traité de Paléontologie ou Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Fossiles Considérés dans Leurs Rapports Zoologiques et Géologiques [Treatise of Paleontology or the Natural History of Fossil Animals Considered in their Zoological and Geological Relationships] 1, xiv-584 |
| Gray J. E. , Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum, 1-402 |
| Gill T. Arrangement of the Families of Mammals, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 11 230, 1-98 |
| Trouessart E. L. , Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilum 5, 665-1264 |
| Palmer T. S. (1904) Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals, North American Fauna 23, 1-984 |
| Trouessart E. L. (1904) , Catalogus Mammalium Tam Viventium Quam Fossilium, Fourth Edition, 1-929 |
| Abel O. (1919) Die Stämme der Wirbeltiere, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Leipzig, 914 p. |
| Simpson G. G. (1932) Fossil Sirenia of Florida and the evolution of the Sirenia, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 59 8, 419-503 |
| Scheffer V. B., Rice D. W. (1963) A list of the marine mammals of the world, United States Fish and Wildlife Service Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 431, 1-12 |
| Heal G. J. (1973) Contributions to the Study of Sirenian Evolution, 1-245 |
| Domning D. P. (1996) Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 80, 1-611 |
| Domning D. P. (1997) Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean Region. VI. Crenatosiren olseni (Reinhart, 1976), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 2, 397-412 |
| Rice D. W. (1998) Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution, The Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication 4, 1-231 |
| Voss M. (2014) On the invalidity of Halitherium schinzii Kaup, 1838 (Mammalia, Sirenia), with comments on systematic consequences, Zoosystematics and Evolution 90 1, 87-93 doi:10.3897/zse.90.7421 |
| Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Rice, Dale W., 1998: Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) |
| Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Tabl. Mamm. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005). Cetacea. In Wilson, D.E. & D.M. Reeder (eds). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. 723--743. - via World Register of Marine Species |
| Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species |
| Domning, D. P. (1996). Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. (80): 1-611. - via World Register of Marine Species |
| SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
Dugong
