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Negaprion

Description

Negaprion is a genus of requiem sharks in the family Carcharhinidae. It contains the two extant species of lemon sharks: the lemon shark (N. brevirostris) of the Americas, and the sicklefin lemon shark (N. acutidens) of the Indo-Pacific. Both species are large, slow-moving, bulky sharks inhabiting shallow coastal waters, and can be identified by their short, blunt snouts, two dorsal fins of nearly equal size, and uniform yellowish brown or gray coloration.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2417904https://www.gbif.org/species/2417904
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)34651https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34651
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Negaprion
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Carcharhinidae : Negaprion
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
classChondrichthyesHuxley 1880
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassEuselachii
-NeoselachiiCompagno 1977
-Selachii
superorderGaleomorphi
orderCarchariniformes
familyCarcharhinidaeJordan and Evermann 1896
genusNegaprionWhitley 1940
Common Namelemon shark
Scientific NameNegaprion Whitley, 1940
Name Published InWhitley, Gilbert P. 1940. The fishes of Australia. Part I. The sharks, rays, devil-fish, and other primitive fishes of Australia and New Zealand. R. Zool. Soc. N. S. W., Austral. Zool. Handbook: 1-280.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Negapriongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated without evidenceCase, 1981
Negapriongenusbelongs to Carcharhiniformessecond handSepkoski, 2002
Negapriongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated with evidenceCompagno, 2005
Negapriongenusbelongs to Carcharhinidaestated without evidenceAdnet et al., 2007
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
Extant Size (PBDB)2 (67%)
First Recorded Appearance56.0 - 38.0 Ma
Eocene
Environmentmarine (based on Vertebrata)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Carchariniformes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Carchariniformes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560
Common Name(s) レモンザメ, Lemon Sharks, Lemon Shark
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negaprion

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Lamna eurybathrodon
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Negaprion acutidens
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Negaprion amekiensis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Negaprion brevirostris
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3728.4 Ma
Oligocene
0 Ma
Extant
Negaprion eurybathrodon
species
listed (PBDB)2256.0 Ma
Paleocene
0.13 Ma
Pleistocene

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Hemigaleops Schultz & Welander, 1953GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Hemigaleops
Mystidens Whitley, 1944GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Mystidens

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1940Negaprion Whitley
1981Negaprion Case p. 64
2001Negaprion Purdy et al. p. 155
2002Negaprion Sepkoski, Jr.
2005Negaprion Compagno
2007Negaprion Adnet et al. p. 314
YearName and Author
2014Negaprion Carillo-Briceño et al. p. 84
2017Negaprion Hastings and Dooley p. 83
2018Negaprion Kent p. 118
2019Negaprion Ebersole et al. p. 73
2019Negaprion Landini et al. p. 361

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
Case G. R. (1981) Late Eocene Selachians from South-Central Georgia, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 176 Lfg. 1-3, 52-79
Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202
Compagno L. V. (2005) Chapter 16. Checklist of living Chondrichthyes, Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Chondrichthyes: Sharks, Batoids and Chimaeras, 503-548
Adnet S., Antoine P. -O., et al (2007) New tropical carcharhinids (chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes) from the late Eocene–early Oligocene of Balochistan, Pakistan: Paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic implications, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 30 2, 303-323 doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.10.002
Carillo-Briceño J. D., Aguilera O. A., et al (2014) Fossil Chondrichthyes from the central eastern Pacific Ocean and their paleoceanographic significance, Journal of South American Earth Sciences 51, 76-90 doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2014.01.001
Hastings A. K., Dooley A. C. (2017) Fossil-collecting from the middle Miocene Carmel Church Quarry marine ecosystem in Caroline County, Virginia, The Geological Society of America Field Guide 47, 77-88 doi:10.1130/2017.0047(03)
Kent B. W. (2018) The Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 100, 45-160
Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585
Landini W., Collareta A., et al (2019) The early Miocene elasmobranch assemblage from Zamaca (Chilcatay T Formation, Peru), Journal of South American Earth Sciences 91, 352-371 doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2018.08.004
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species
Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 - via World Register of Marine Species
Eschmeyer online (Jun 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Compagno, Leonard J. V., 1984: Sharks of the World: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, no. 125, vol. 4, pt. 2. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Compagno, Leonard J. V. / Hamlett, William C., ed., 1999: Checklist of Living Elasmobranchs. Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. 471-498. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Eschmeyer, William N., 1990: null. Genera of Recent Fishes. iii + 697. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Compagno, Leonard J. V., 1988: null. Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. xxii + 486. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Fishes of Australia, pt. 1 (Sharks, etc.) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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