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Laevicardium

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Description

Laevicardium, common name "egg cockles", is a genus of saltwater clams or cockles, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Cardiidae, the cockles. They are unusual among the cockles in that they have smooth, rounded, "egg-like" valves.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laevicardium, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2286534	https://www.gbif.org/species/2286534
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17785	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17785

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Venerida : Lahilliidae : Laevicardium

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Laevicardium

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

doubtful

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
subfamily	Laevicardiinae	Keen 1936
genus	Laevicardium	Swainson 1840

Scientific Name

Laevicardium

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Laevicardium	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated with evidence	Gabb, 1864
Laevicardium	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated without evidence	Gabb, 1868
Laevicardium	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated with evidence	Glenn, 1904
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Oostingh, 1935
Laevicardium	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated with evidence	Gardner, 1947
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Marasti, 1973
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Laevicardiinae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated with evidence	Ward and Blackwelder, 1987
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	implied	Lamprell and Whitehead, 1992
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Laevicardiinae	stated with evidence	Schneider, 1995
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated with evidence	Moths et al., 2010
Laevicardium	genus	belongs to Laevicardiinae	stated with evidence	Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2012

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (42%)

First Recorded Appearance

145 - 130 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder

Ecospace Comments

LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laevicardium

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Laevicardium (Habecardium) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		80	41.3 Ma Eocene	13.7 Ma Miocene
Laevicardium (Laevicardium) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		33	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Cardium (Laevicardium) alaskensis species	listed (PBDB)		4	28.1 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Cardium (Laevicardium) melvilli ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Cardium (Laevicardium) mortoni species	listed (PBDB)		16	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Cardium (Laevicardium) unicolor species	listed (PBDB)		2	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Dinocardium (Exocardium) chipolanum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Laevicardium compressum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		9	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Laevicardium crassum species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Laevicardium ecuadoriale ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Laevicardium elatum species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Laevicardium etheringtoni ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	16.0 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Laevicardium leptorimum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Laevicardium multipunctatum species	listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Laevicardium nemocardiforme ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Laevicardium oblongum species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Laevicardium onestae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Laevicardium papyraceum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Laevicardium serratum species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		110	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Laevicardium tristiculum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	33.9 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Laevicardium venustulum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		18	11.6 Ma Miocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Laevicardium vitellinum species	listed (PBDB)		12	7.25 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1840	Laevicardium Swainson p. 373
1864	Cardium (Laevicardium) Gabb p. 171
1868	Cardium (Laevicardium) Gabb p. 187
1904	Cardium (Laevicardium) Glenn p. 322
1935	Laevicardium Oostingh p. 180
1947	Cardium (Laevicardium) Gardner p. 142
1964	Dinocardium (Exocardium) Olsson
1973	Laevicardium Marasti p. 108
1980	Laevicardium Vokes p. 129

Year	Name and Author
1982	Laevicardium Dockery p. 74
1982	Laevicardium Woodring p. 646
1987	Laevicardium Ward and Blackwelder p. 130
1992	Laevicardium Lamprell and Whitehead p. 70
1995	Laevicardium Schneider p. 339
2002	Laevicardium Sepkoski, Jr.
2010	Laevicardium Moths et al.
2012	Laevicardium Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 421

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Gabb W. M. Description of the Cretaceous fossils, Geological Survey of California Palaeontology 1, 57-217

Glenn L. C. (1904) Pelecypoda, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 274-401

Oostingh C. H. (1935) Die Mollusken des Pliozäns von Boemiajoe (Java), Dienst van den Mijnbouw in Nederlandsch-Indië Wetenschappelijke Mededeelingen 26, 1-247

Gardner J. R. (1947) The Molluscan Fauna of the Alum Bluff Group of Florida, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 142A-H, 1-709

Marasti R. (1973) La fauna tortoniana del T. Stirone (limite Parmense-Piacentino), Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 12 1, 76-120

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Dockery D. T. (1982) Lower Oligocene Bivalvia of the Vicksburg Group in Mississippi, Mississippi Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Geology 123, 1-261

Woodring W. P. (1982) Geology and paleontology of canal zone and adjoing parts of Panama: Description of Tertiary mollusks (Pelecypods: Propeamussiidae to Cuspidariidae)., United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 306 F

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Lamprell K., Whitehead T. (1992) , Bivalves of Australia 1

Schneider J. A. (1995) Phytogeny of the Cardiidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Protocardiinae, Laevicardiinae, Lahilliinae, Tulongocardiinae subfam. n. and Pleuriocardiinae subfam. n., Zoologica Scripta 24, 321-346

Moths H., Albrecht F., et al (2010) Die molluskenfauna (Hermmorium, Untermiozän) aus der Kiesgrube kirnke bei Werder (Nordwest-Niedersachsen), Palaeofocus 3, 1-155

Coan E. V., Valentich-Scott P. (2012) Bivalve Seashells of Tropical West America. Marine Bivalve Mollusks from Baja California to Northern Peru, Santa Barbara museum of Natural history monographs 6, 1-1258

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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