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Argyrotheca

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Description

Argyrotheca is a genus of very small to minute lampshells (maximum 5 millimetres or 0.20 inches long). All species share a large pedicel opening (or foramen), one ridge on the inside of the pedunculate valve, pits in a diamond pattern on the inside of both valves, and without radial ridges that end in tubercles. It occurs in depths between 6 and 1300 m. It is known since the latest Cretaceous.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argyrotheca, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2252816	https://www.gbif.org/species/2252816
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	30030	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=30030

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Megathyrididae : Argyrotheca

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Terebratulida	Waagen 1883
suborder	Terebratellidina	Muir-Wood 1955
superfamily	Megathyridoidea	Dall 1870
family	Megathyrididae	Dall 1870
genus	Argyrotheca	Dall 1900

Scientific Name

Argyrotheca Dall, 1900

Name Published In

Dall, W. H. (1900). Some names which must be discarded. Nautilus. 14:44–45.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Argyrotheca	genus	belongs to Megathyrididae	stated with evidence	Cooper, 1979
Argyrotheca	genus	belongs to Cancellothyrididae	stated with evidence	Pacaud and Le Renard, 1995
Argyrotheca	genus	belongs to Terebratulida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Argyrotheca	genus	belongs to Megathyrididae	stated with evidence	Williams et al., 2006

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

22 (32%)

First Recorded Appearance

152 - 145 Ma
Late Jurassic

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Megathyrididae)

Vision

blind (based on Rhynchonellata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Megathyrididae)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argyrotheca

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Argiope lunula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca aequicostata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca ageriana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	1.81 Ma Pleistocene
Argyrotheca akymatophora species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca altavillensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca andina ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Argyrotheca angulata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca anomala ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	38.0 Ma Eocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Argyrotheca arguta species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca australis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca barrettiana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Argyrotheca beecheri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	59.2 Ma Paleocene	59.2 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca bermudana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca bermudezi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca bitnerae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	28.1 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Argyrotheca bronnii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		32	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca cistellula species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	13.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca clevei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca coniuncta ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca cooperi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca crassa species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca cuneata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		24	28.1 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca cyrtiniformis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca dalli ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Argyrotheca dubia species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca furtiva species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca grandicostata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca hatchetigbeensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca hewatti species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca hirundo ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		12	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca inconstans ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca intercalata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca jacksoni species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca johnsoni species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca kupei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	21.7 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca lacunosa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca laevis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca londinensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca lowei species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca lunula ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca lutea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca macneili ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	61.6 Ma Paleocene	61.6 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca magnicostata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca mayi species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca megapora ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca michelottina ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca microscopica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca neocaledonensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca obourgensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca peculiaris ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca piperipyxis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca plana ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca plicata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Argyrotheca popielae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		26	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca powersi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca proviliacensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca quadrata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca retrorsa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	152 Ma Late Jurassic	152 Ma Late Jurassic
Argyrotheca rubrocostata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca rubrotincta species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca saltmountainensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca schrammi species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca schucherti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca semicostata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Argyrotheca semicostata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca serrata ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca somaliensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca squamata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	13.7 Ma Miocene	13.7 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca stevensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		23	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Argyrotheca subcordata species	listed (PBDB)		3	13.7 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca sublamellosa ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Argyrotheca thurmanni species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca tokodensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Argyrotheca vidali ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Argyrotheca wegemanni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Argyrotheca woodwardiana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Argyrotheca zenobiae ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Cistella altavillensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cistella plicata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cistella subcordata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cistellarcula dubia ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Cistellarcula wrigleyi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Cistela Rollier, 1919	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Megathyrididae : *Cistela*
Cistella Gray, 1853	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Terebratulida : Megathyrididae : *Cistella*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1900	Argyrotheca Dall
1954	Cistellarcula Elliott p. 726
1979	Argyrotheca Cooper p. 17
1995	Argyrotheca Pacaud and Le Renard p. 151
2002	Argyrotheca Sepkoski, Jr.
2002	Cistellarcula Sepkoski, Jr.
2006	Argyrotheca Williams et al. p. 2217
2017	Argyrotheca Bitner and Müller p. 216

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Elliott G. F. (1954) New Brachiopoda from the Eocene of England, France and Africa, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Twelfth Series 7, 721-728

Cooper G. A. (1979) Tertiary and Cretaceous Brachiopods from Cuba and the Caribbean, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 37, 1-45

Pacaud J.-M., Le Renard J. (1995) Révision des Mollusques Paléogénes du Bassin de Paris. IV - Liste systématique actualisée, Cossmanniana 3 4, 155-187

Williams A., Brunton C. H. C., et al (2006) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part H, Brachiopoda. Volume 5: Rhynchonelliformea (part) 5, 1689-2320

Bitner M. A., Müller A. (2017) Late Eocene (Priabonian) brachiopod fauna from Dnipropetrovsk, eastern Ukraine, Bulletin of Geosciences 92, 211-231

Rödlistningsarbetet (2005) Synonymikhantering i samband med rödlistningsprocessen inför 2005 års rödlista. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

WoRMS (2016) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Hallan, J. (2000-current). Biology Catalog. Web compilation accessible at http://bug.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/ (accessed June 2012). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nautilus, 14 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Foster, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Hayward, P.J.; Ryland, J.S. (Ed.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-857356-1. 627 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Howson, C.M. (2001). Brachiopoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 334 - via World Register of Marine Species

Logan, A. (2007). Geographic distribution of extant articulated brachiopods. In: Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H, Brachiopoda (revised), vol.6, 3082–3115. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas. - via World Register of Marine Species

Dall, W. H. (1900). Some names which must be discarded. Nautilus. 14:44–45. - via World Register of Marine Species

Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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