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Hexactinella

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2235814	https://www.gbif.org/species/2235814
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	3870	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=3870

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Sceptrulophora : Tretodictyidae : Hexactinella

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Porifera : Hexactinellida : Hexactinosa : Tretodictyidae : Hexactinella

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
phylum	Porifera	Grant 1836
class	Hexactinellida	Schmidt 1870
subclass	Hexasterophora	Schulze 1886
order	Hexactinosa	Schrammen 1903
family	Tretodictyidae	Schulze 1887
subfamily	Tretodictyinae	Schulze 1887
genus	Hexactinella	Carter 1885

Scientific Name

Hexactinella Carter, 1885

Name Published In

Carter, H.J. (1885). Report on a Collection of Marine Sponges from Japan, made by Dr. J. Anderson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. (5) 15 (89): 387-406, pls XII-XIV.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Hexactinella	genus	belongs to Hexactinosa	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Hexactinella	genus	belongs to Tretodictyinae	stated with evidence	Finks et al., 2004

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

1 (17%)

First Recorded Appearance

168 - 165 Ma
Middle Jurassic

Environment

marine (based on Hexactinellida)

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Hexactinosa)

Vision

blind (based on Hexactinellida)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Hexactinosa)

Taphonomy

silica (based on Hexactinellida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Hexactinella acanthacea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella alpina ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	129 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	129 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Hexactinella aurea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella calolepis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Hexactinella carolinensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella clampensis ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Hexactinella cyathus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella divergens species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella grimaldii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella labyrinthica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella lactum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella lata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella lingua species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella lorica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella monticularis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella nymphaea ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Hexactinella polystomata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella prisca species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	168 Ma Middle Jurassic
Hexactinella rugosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella simplex species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella spongiosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella ventilabrum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hexactinella vermiculosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1885	Hexactinella Carter
2002	Hexactinella Sepkoski, Jr.
2004	Hexactinella Finks et al. p. 504

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Finks R. M., Reid R. E. H., et al (2004) Porifera (Demospongea, Hexactinellida, Heteractinida, Calcarea), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised E 3, 1-872

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 15 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Carter, H.J. (1885). Report on a Collection of Marine Sponges from Japan, made by Dr. J. Anderson. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. (5) 15 (89): 387-406, pls XII-XIV. - via World Register of Marine Species

Reiswig, H.M. (2002). Family Tretodictyidae Schulze, 1886. pp. 1341-1354. In: Hooper, J.N.A. & van Soest, R.W.M. (ed.) Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Vol. 2 (Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers: New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow). - via World Register of Marine Species

SN2000/Van Soest, 2001 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 85-103. - via World Register of Marine Species

Hooper, John N. A., and Rob W. M. van Soest, eds., 2002: null. Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. xlviii + 1708. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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