Quick Links : Mindat手册 The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]

主页关于 Mindat Mindat手册 Mindat的历史版权 Who We Are 联系我们于 Mindat.org刊登广告

捐赠给 Mindat Corporate Sponsorship 赞助板页已赞助的板页在 Mindat刊登广告的广告商于 Mindat.org刊登广告

Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

搜索矿物的性质搜索矿物的化学 Advanced Locality Search 随意显示任何一种矿物 Random Locality 使用minID搜索邻近产地 Search Articles 搜索词汇表更多搜索选项

Mindat手册添加新照片 Rate Photos 产区编辑报告 Coordinate Completion Report 添加词汇表项目

Mining Companies 统计会员列表 Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations 矿物展及活动 The Mindat目录表设备设置 The Mineral Quiz

照片搜索 Photo Galleries Search by Color 今天最新的照片昨天最新的照片用户照片相集过去每日精选照片相集 Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Triakidae

Photos

Photo Gallery

Description

Houndsharks, the Triakidae, are a family of ground sharks, consisting of about 40 species in nine genera. In some classifications, the family is split into two subfamilies, with Mustelus, Scylliogaleus, and Triakis in the subfamily Triakinae, and the remaining genera in the subfamily Galeorhininae.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triakidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2206	https://www.gbif.org/species/2206
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	83176	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=83176

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Triakidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carchariniformes : Triakidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Chondrichthyes	Huxley 1880
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii
-	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
-	Selachii
superorder	Galeomorphi
order	Carchariniformes
family	Triakidae	Gray 1851

Common Name

hound shark

Scientific Name

Triakidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Triakidae	family	belongs to Carcharhiniformes	stated without evidence	Cappetta, 1992

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

5 (20%)

First Recorded Appearance

133 - 129 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Carchariniformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Carchariniformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. W. Purdy, V. P. Schneider, and S. P. Applegate, J. H. McLellan, R. L. Meyer, B. H. Slaughter. 2001. The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90:71-202

Common Name(s)

Hound Sharks, Houndsharks, Smooth Dogfishes, Smooth-hounds, Topes, Whiskery Sharks, émissoles, Cazones, Hound Shark, Hundhajar, Glatthaifamilien, ドチザメ, Ruwe En Gladde Haaien

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triakidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Galeorhinini ✝ tribe	listed (PBDB)
Triakini tribe	listed (PBDB)		6	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Furgaleus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Galeorhinus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	School Shark	87	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Gogolia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hemitriakis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Hypogaleus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Iago genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Mustelus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		31	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Pachygaleus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		15	59.2 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Palaeogaleus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	55.8 Ma Eocene
Paratriakis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Scylliogaleus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Triakis genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Triakididae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Triakididae
Eugaleidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Eugaleidae
Emissolidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Emissolidae
Scylliogaleidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Chordata : Elasmobranchii : Carcharhiniformes : Scylliogaleidae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1851	Triakidae Gray
1992	Triakidae Cappetta p. 644
1993	Triakidae Cvancara and Hoganson p. 9
1999	Triakidae Underwood et al. p. 292
2000	Triakidae Long and Stilwell p. 350
2001	Triakidae Purdy et al. p. 139

Year	Name and Author
2006	Triakidae Underwood p. 234
2009	Triakidae Cicimurri and Knight p. 635
2017	Triakidae Engelbrecht et al. p. 2
2018	Triakidae Kent p. 104
2019	Triakidae Ebersole et al. p. 61

References

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Cappetta H. (1992) Carcharhiniformes nouveaux (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii) de l'Ypresien du Bassin de Paris, Geobios 25 2, 639-646 doi:10.1016/0016-6995(92)80103-K

Cvancara A. M., Hoganson J. W. (1993) Vertebrates of the Cannonball Formation (Paleocene) in North and South Dakota, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13 1, 1-23

Underwood C. J., Michell S. F., et al (1999) Shark and Ray teeth from the Hauterivian (Lower Cretaceous) of north-east England, Palaeontology 42 2, 287-302

Long D. J., Stilwell J. D. (2000) Fish remains from the Eocene of Mount Discovery, East Antarctica, Paleobiology and Paleoenvironments of Eocene Rocks, McMurdo Sound, East Antarctica. Antarctic Research Series 76, 349-353

Underwood C. J. (2006) Diversification of the Neoselachii (Chondrichthyes) during the Jurassic and Cretaceous, Paleobiology 32 2, 215-235

Cicimurri D. J., Knight J. L. (2009) Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54 4, 627-647

Engelbrecht A., Mörs T., et al (2017) New carcharhiniform sharks (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the early to middle Eocene of Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 6, e1371724 doi:10.1080/02724634.2017.1371724

Kent B. W. (2018) The Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 100, 45-160

Ebersole J. A., Cicimurri D. J., et al (2019) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, European Journal of Taxonomy 585, 1-274 doi:10.5852/ejt.2019.585

Kullander (2007) Nationalnyckeln Broskfiskar manus - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Compagno, Leonard J. V., 1984: Sharks of the World: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, no. 125, vol. 4, pt. 2. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Branstetter, Steven / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds., 2002: Smooth Dogfishes: Family Triakidae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. 37-38. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Compagno, Leonard J. V. / Hamlett, William C., ed., 1999: Checklist of Living Elasmobranchs. Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. 471-498. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Compagno, Leonard J. V., 1988: null. Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. xxii + 486. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

WoRMS (2016) Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Nelson, Joseph S., 1994: null. Fishes of the World, Third Edition. xvii + 600. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2019). Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2019. - via World Register of Marine Species

Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa. 3882(1): 1-230. - via World Register of Marine Species

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Eschmeyer online (Jul 2012) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 - via World Register of Marine Species

FishBase - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop External Images Fossil Distribution Subtaxa Obsolete Names Synonymy List References

Go to top of page