Woodwardite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Woodwardite
Samuel Pickworth Woodward
Formula:
Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O
where (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2); Cu:Al ratios stated to fall between 1.73 and 2.03.
Colour:
Greenish-blue, turquoise-blue
Lustre:
Waxy, Dull
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.38
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named after Samuel Pickworth Woodward (17 September 1821 – 11 July 1865), English naturalist and geologist.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4314
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4314:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
6ff86477-2412-4ffb-bf02-de81d6254ce1
IMA Classification of Woodwardite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
(Cu1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2)
First published:
1866
Classification of Woodwardite
7.DD.35
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
31.2.2.1
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)6(XO4)Zq·xH2O
31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)6(XO4)Zq·xH2O
25.2.21
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Wwd | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Woodwardite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Woodwardite
Waxy, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Greenish-blue, turquoise-blue
Streak:
Pale blue
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Density:
2.38 g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Woodwardite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.552 - 1.571 nβ = 1.555 - 1.574 nγ = 1.565 - 1.576
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.013
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
strong
Chemistry of Woodwardite
Mindat Formula:
Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O
where (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2); Cu:Al ratios stated to fall between 1.73 and 2.03.
where (x < 0.5, n < 3x/2); Cu:Al ratios stated to fall between 1.73 and 2.03.
Crystallography of Woodwardite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
R3m
Setting:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.306(2) Å, c = 26.77(2) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 5.045
Unit Cell V:
652.70 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Occurs as minute, botryoidal concretions with a fine-fibrous structure; spherulitic.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.9 Å | (100) |
| 4.47 Å | (90) |
| 2.65 Å | (30) |
| 2.55 Å | (60) |
| 2.28 Å | (50) |
| 1.98 Å | (30) |
| 1.53 Å | (30) |
Comments:
See also ICDD 39-0726.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
| Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
| 42 : Sea-floor Mn nodules | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Geological Setting:
secondary mineral in the oxidized zone of copper deposits
Type Occurrence of Woodwardite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Stalactitic forms consisting of minute botryoidal aggregations. Crusts a couple millimeters in thickness, possessing the peculiar rippled appearance. Without traces of crystalline structure.
Reference:
Church, A.H. (1866) Chemical researches on new and rare Cornish minerals. Journal of the Chemical Society: 19: 130-135.
Other Language Names for Woodwardite
Relationship of Woodwardite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Honessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O | Trig. |
| Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m |
| Zincowoodwardite | Zn1-xAlx(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O | Trig. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 13 photos of Woodwardite associated with Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 7 photos of Woodwardite associated with Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Woodwardite associated with Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| 3 photos of Woodwardite associated with Carbonatecyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(CO3,SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 3 photos of Woodwardite associated with Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 3 photos of Woodwardite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 2 photos of Woodwardite associated with Redgillite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
| 2 photos of Woodwardite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 2 photos of Woodwardite associated with Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 2 photos of Woodwardite associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 7.DD. | Asagiite | NiCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.05 | Felsőbányaite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.07 | Llantenesite | Cu6Al[SeO4](OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Posnjakite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Wroewolfeite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Gobelinite | CoCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.10 | Fehrite | MgCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | Kobyashevite | Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.15 | Unnamed (Dimorph of Devilline) | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.20 | Ktenasite | ZnCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.25 | Christelite | Cu2Zn3(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Campigliaite | Mn2+Cu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Devilline | CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Orthoserpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Niedermayrite | CdCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.30 | Edwardsite | Cu3Cd2(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Carrboydite | (Ni1-xAlx)(SO4)x/2(OH)2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Glaucocerinite | (Zn1-xAlx)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Honessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Hydrohonessite | (Ni1-xFe3+x)(OH)2(SO4)x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Motukoreaite | Mg6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Mountkeithite | [(Mg1-xFe3+x)(OH)2][SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Shigaite | Mn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Wermlandite | Mg7Al2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6][SO4]2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Zincaluminite | Zn6Al6(SO4)2(OH)16 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Hydrowoodwardite | (Cu1-xAlx)(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Zincowoodwardite | Zn1-xAlx(OH)2[SO4]x/2 · nH2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Natroglaucocerinite | Zn6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.35 | Nikischerite | Fe2+6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Isselite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Lawsonbauerite | (Mn2+,Mg)9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.40 | Torreyite | (Mg,Mn2+)7◻2Mn2+2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.45 | Mooreite | Mg9◻2Mn2Zn4(SO4)2(OH)26 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.45 | Hodgesmithite | (Cu,Zn)6Zn(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.47 | Lahnsteinite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.50 | Namuwite | Zn4(SO4)(OH)6 · 4H2O |
| 7.DD.50 | Minohlite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 8H2O |
| 7.DD.52 | Lauraniite | Cu6Cd2(SO4)2(OH)12 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.55 | Bechererite | Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)] |
| 7.DD.60 | Ramsbeckite | (Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.65 | Vonbezingite | Ca6Cu3(SO4)3(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| 7.DD.70 | Redgillite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O |
| 7.DD.75 | Chalcoalumite | CuAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.75 | Nickelalumite | NiAl4(SO4)(OH)12(H2O)3 |
| 7.DD.75 | Kyrgyzstanite | ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Guarinoite | Zn6(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Schulenbergite | (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | Thérèsemagnanite | NaCo4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| 7.DD.80 | UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn | (Zn,Cu)7(SO4,CO3)2(OH)10 · 3H2O |
| 7.DD.85 | Montetrisaite | Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Notes:
Dissolves readily in dilute acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Woodwardite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4314.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Woodwardite
Reference List:
Fleischer, Michael, Cabri, Louis J., Nickel, Ernest H., Pabst, Adolf (1977) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 62 (5-6) 593-600
Localities for Woodwardite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Ashley et al. (1999) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2014) |
| U. Kolitsch (PXRD of sample collected by J. Brugger) +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch (2014) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| Schnorrer et al. (2008) | |
Canada | |
| Ronnie Van Dommelen collection |
Chile | |
| Collao et al. (2002) |
Czech Republic | |
| Sejkora et al. (2012) |
France | |
| Aufschluss 1/85 |
| SpectraLab S.r.l micro-Raman analysis |
Germany | |
| Lapis (12) |
| |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Berthold (1982) +2 other references |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Loomis (1999) |
| Gröbner J. et al. (2006) |
| Hajek (2010) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) | |
| |
Greece | |
| Branko Rieck analysis |
| LAPIS 24 (7/8) +1 other reference | |
Ireland | |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
Italy | |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2018) |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
| Exel (1987) +6 other references |
| Exel (1987) +1 other reference | |
| Folie et al. (2010) |
| Conedera M. et al. (2016) |
| EDX analysis. |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2013) |
| Sabelli C. et al. (GR) |
| J. Göske et al. (1997) |
| Franzini et al. (1992) +2 other references |
| Cristiano Batacchi et al. (2023) |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Luigi Chiappino data |
| Boscardin M. et al. (Vicenza) |
Japan | |
| Matsubara et al. (2006) |
| Takada & Matsuuchi (1981) +1 other reference |
| Watanabe et al. (2003) |
Norway | |
| Raade et al. (1990) |
| Raade et al. (1990) |
| Raade et al. (1990) |
Poland | |
| Siuda et al. (2013) |
Spain | |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2022) |
UK (TL) | |
| Mineralogical Record: 9: 113. +1 other reference |
| |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| SMLS slide library |
| Betterton (1989) +1 other reference |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) | |
| Day (1999) |
| |
USA | |
| Rob Bowell |
| Rob Bowell | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| MarekC pers. coll. 2019 |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Peter Chin |
Zambia | |
|
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Maid of Sunshine Mine, Turquoise Mining District, Cochise County, Arizona, USA