Alcaparrosaite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Alcaparrosaite
Formula:
K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2
Colour:
pale yellow
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
2.80
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named for the type locality.
Unique combination of elements (among the approved mineral species); currently the second purely sulfate mineral with species-defining titanium (after calamaite), and the third Ti-rich sulfate-bearing mineral (after the latter and innelite).
Compare Unnamed (Na-Ti-Fe sulfate).
Compare Unnamed (Na-Ti-Fe sulfate).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
42525
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:42525:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
bc0f6717-826f-40b3-89e2-cedc3103e18d
IMA Classification of Alcaparrosaite
Approved
Approval year:
2011
First published:
2012
Classification of Alcaparrosaite
7.DF.
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Apr | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Alcaparrosaite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
pale yellow
Streak:
white
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
2.80(3) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.807 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Alcaparrosaite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.643(1) nβ = 1.655(1) nγ = 1.680(1)
2V:
Measured: 70° (2), Calculated: 70.3°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.037
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
strong parallel dispersion, r < v
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Alcaparrosaite
Mindat Formula:
K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2
Crystallography of Alcaparrosaite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Setting:
C2/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.5594(1) Å, b = 16.7923(3) Å, c = 12.1783(9) Å
β = 94.076(7)°
β = 94.076(7)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.45 : 1 : 0.725
Unit Cell V:
1,542.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Blades and tapering prisms, flattened on {010} and elongated along [100]. Observed crystal forms are {010}, {110}, {1.13.0} and {021}.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0019768 | Alcaparrosaite | Kampf A R, Mills S J, Housley R M, Williams P A, Dini M (2012) Alcaparrosaite, K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2, a new hydrophobic Ti4+ sulfate from Alcaparrosa, Chile Mineralogical Magazine 76 851-861 | 2012 | Alcaparrosa, Chile | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
6.907 Å | (41) |
3.628 Å | (34) |
3.320 Å | (32) |
3.096 Å | (100) |
3.000 Å | (40) |
2.704 Å | (38) |
1.928 Å | (30) |
1.841 Å | (31) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Alcaparrosaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
blades and tapering prisms up to 4 mm in length
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, USA. Cat. nos. 63519, 63520 and 63521.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
oxidation of pyritic masses under increasingly arid conditions
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Kampf, A.R., Mills, S.J., Housley, R.M., Williams, P.A., Dini, M. (2012) Alcaparrosaite, K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2, a new hydrophobic Ti4+ sulfate from Alcaparrosa, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine: 76: 851-861.
Synonyms of Alcaparrosaite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Alcaparrosaite associated with Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
2 photos of Alcaparrosaite associated with Pertlikite | K2(Fe2+,Mg)2Mg4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
1 photo of Alcaparrosaite associated with Krausite | KFe(SO4)2 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.DF. | Aldridgeite | (Cd,Ca)(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF. | Chromschieffelinite | Pb10Te6+6O20(OH)14(CrO4)(H2O)5 |
7.DF. | Bairdite | Pb2Cu2+4Te6+2O10(OH)2(SO4) · H2O |
7.DF. | Carlsonite | (NH4)5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 7H2O |
7.DF. | Ammoniomathesiusite | (NH4)5(UO2)4(SO4)4(VO5) · 4H2O |
7.DF. | Erssonite | Mg7Fe3+2(OH)18[Ca(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 12H2O |
7.DF. | Flaggite | Pb4Cu2+4Te6+2(SO4)2O11(OH)2(H2O) |
7.DF. | Poellmannite | Ca6Al3(OH)18[Na(H2O)6](SO4)2 · 6H2O |
7.DF. | Haywoodite | [Pb(H2O)10][Zn12(OH)20(H2O)(SO4)3] |
7.DF. | Cherokeeite | [Pb2Zn(OH)4](SO4) · H2O |
7.DF. | Cuprocherokeeite | [Pb8Zn3Cu2+(OH)16](SO4)4 · 4H2O |
7.DF. | Tzeferisite | CaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9 |
7.DF.05 | Uklonskovite | NaMg(SO4)F · 2H2O |
7.DF.10 | Kainite | KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O |
7.DF.10 | Kaliochalcite | KCu2(SO4)2[(OH)(H2O)] |
7.DF.15 | Natrochalcite | NaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
7.DF.17 | Unnamed (Ba-Sb Silicate-Sulphate-Hydroxide-Hydrate) | Ba3Sb5+[(Si,S)O3(OH)]2(OH,O)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.17 | Genplesite | Ca3Sn(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.20 | Metasideronatrite | Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · H2O |
7.DF.20 | Sideronatrite | Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH) · 3H2O |
7.DF.25 | Despujolsite | Ca3Mn4+(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.25 | Fleischerite | Pb3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.25 | Schaurteite | Ca3Ge(SO4)2(OH)6 · 4H2O |
7.DF.25 | Mallestigite | Pb3Sb5+(SO4)(AsO4)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.30 | Slavíkite | (H3O+)3Mg6Fe15(SO4)21(OH)18 · 98H2O |
7.DF.35 | Metavoltine | K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O |
7.DF.40 | Lannonite | Mg2Ca4Al4(SO4)8F8 · 24H2O |
7.DF.40 | Vlodavetsite | AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl · 4H2O |
7.DF.45 | Peretaite | Ca(SbO)4(SO4)2(OH)2 · 2H2O |
7.DF.50 | Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
7.DF.50 | Calamaite | Na2TiO(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
7.DF.52 | Scordariite | K8(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)[Fe3+3O(SO4)6]2 · 14H2O |
7.DF.52 | Huizingite-(Al) | [(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6] |
7.DF.55 | Clairite | (NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O |
7.DF.55 | Giacovazzoite | K5Fe3+3O(SO4)6 · 10H2O |
7.DF.57 | Magnanelliite | K3Fe3+2(SO4)4(OH)(H2O)2 |
7.DF.60 | Arzrunite | Cu4Pb2(SO4)(OH)4Cl6 · 2H2O (?) |
7.DF.60 | Evdokimovite | Tl4(VO)3(SO4)5(H2O)5 |
7.DF.62 | Bridgesite-(Ce) | CaCe2Cu6(SO4)4(OH)12 · 8H2O |
7.DF.65 | Elyite | Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O |
7.DF.70 | Lautenthalite | PbCu4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
7.DF.70 | Yecoraite | Fe3+3Bi5(Te6+O4)2(Te4+O3)O9 · 9H2O |
7.DF.75 | Riomarinaite | Bi(SO4)(OH) · H2O |
7.DF.80 | Dukeite | Bi3+24Cr6+8O57(OH)6 · 3H2O |
Fluorescence of Alcaparrosaite
none
Other Information
Notes:
Hydrophobic, insoluble in cold and hot water, very slowly soluble in acids and decomposes slowly in bases.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Alcaparrosaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-42525.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Alcaparrosaite
Reference List:
Williams, P. A., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2011) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2011, CNMNC Newsletter No. 10. Mineralogical Magazine, 75 (5) 2549-2561 doi:10.1180/minmag.2011.075.5.2549
Localities for Alcaparrosaite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile (TL) | |
| Williams et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2017) |
Quick NavTopAbout AlcaparrosaiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Alcaparrosa Mine, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile