Wakabayashilite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wakabayashilite
Dr. Yaichiro Wakabayashi
Formula:
[(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5]
Colour:
Lemon-yellow to orange-yellow
Lustre:
Resinous
Hardness:
1½
Specific Gravity:
3.98
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named after Yaichiro Wakabayashi (30 August 1874, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan - 1943, Tokyo, Japan), mineralogist, Mitsubishi Mining Company (Japan). The mineral was discovered in his collection.
This page provides mineralogical data about Wakabayashilite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4232
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4232:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
586a7bd3-8902-412c-adad-2631bfa1ecce
IMA Classification of Wakabayashilite
Classification of Wakabayashilite
2.FA.40
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
A : With As, (Sb), S
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
A : With As, (Sb), S
2.11.4.1
2 : SULFIDES
11 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:3
2 : SULFIDES
11 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:3
3.7.12
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Wak | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Wakabayashilite
Resinous
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Silky as fibers, resinous as single crystals
Colour:
Lemon-yellow to orange-yellow
Streak:
Orange-yellow
Hardness:
1½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
Density:
3.98 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.06 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wakabayashilite
Anisotropism:
Weak
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R |
|---|---|
| 400nm | 28.4% |
| 440nm | 27.2% |
| 480nm | 24.5% |
| 520nm | 22.5% |
| 560nm | 21.8% |
| 600nm | 21.6% |
| 640nm | 21.4% |
| 680nm | 21.2% |
| 700nm | 21.2% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 28.4%.
Internal Reflections:
Golden yellow
Pleochroism:
Strong
Chemistry of Wakabayashilite
Mindat Formula:
[(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5]
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Wakabayashilite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mm2 - Pyramidal
Space Group:
Pna21
Cell Parameters:
a = 25.262 Å, b = 14.563 Å, c = 6.492 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.735 : 1 : 0.446
Unit Cell V:
2388.4 ų
Z:
4
Twinning:
Reticular merohedry
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0003797 | Wakabayashilite | Bonazzi P, Lampronti G I, Bindi L, Zandari S (2005) Wakabayashilite, [(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5]: crystal structure, psuedosymmetry, twinning, and revised chemical formula American Mineralogist 90 1108-1114 |  | 2005 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0020479 | Wakabayashilite | Bindi L, Bonazzi P, Zoppi M, Spry P G (2014) Chemical variability in wakabayashilite: a real feature or an analytical artifact Mineralogical Magazine 78 693-702 | 2014 | Jas Roux, Hautes-Alpes, France | 0 | 293 | |
| 0020480 | Wakabayashilite | Bindi L, Bonazzi P, Zoppi M, Spry P G (2014) Chemical variability in wakabayashilite: a real feature or an analytical artifact Mineralogical Magazine 78 693-702 | 2014 | White Caps mine, Nevada, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.28 Å | (100) |
| 3.488 Å | (80) |
| 4.78 Å | (70) |
| 3.239 Å | (40) |
| 3.078 Å | (40) |
| 2.423 Å | (40) |
| 1.590 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Wakabayashilite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Felt-like aggregates of fibers.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan, MA5635.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, C252, 98012, 94600.
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, C252, 98012, 94600.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Wakabayashilite
Other Language Names for Wakabayashilite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 30 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Realgar | As4S4 |
| 23 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 10 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Stibnite | Sb2S3 |
| 8 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Orpiment | As2S3 |
| 7 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Chabournéite | AgzTl8-x-zPb4+2xSb40-x-yAsyS68 with 0.00 < x < 0.40(9), 16.15(3)< y < 19.11(10), 0.04(4) < z < 0.11(6) |
| 6 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Smithite | AgAsS2 |
| 6 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Getchellite | AsSbS3 |
| 3 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Twinnite | Pb0.8Tl0.1Sb1.3As0.8S4 |
| 3 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Sarabauite | CaSb3+10S6O10 |
| 3 photos of Wakabayashilite associated with Wollastonite | Ca3(Si3O9) |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.FA. | Anorpiment | As2S3 |
| 2.FA. | Bonazziite | As4S4 |
| 2.FA. | Paradimorphite | As4S3 |
| 2.FA.05 | Duranusite | As4S |
| 2.FA.10 | Dimorphite | As4S3 |
| 2.FA.15b | Pararealgar | As4S4 |
| 2.FA.15a | Realgar | As4S4 |
| 2.FA.15d | UM1970-18-S:As | As4S4 |
| 2.FA.20 | Alacránite | As8S9 |
| 2.FA.25 | Uzonite | As4S5 |
| 2.FA.30 | Laphamite | As2Se3 |
| 2.FA.30 | Orpiment | As2S3 |
| 2.FA.35 | Getchellite | AsSbS3 |
| 2.FA.40 | Kalgoorlieite | As2Te3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wakabayashilite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4232.html
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References for Wakabayashilite
Localities for Wakabayashilite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Chile | |
| Oviedo et al. (1991) |
China | |
| Baogui Zhang (1985) |
| Xianxiao Xiong (2000) |
| Xianxiao Xiong (2000) |
| Xianxiao Xiong (2000) |
France | |
| Am Min 90:1108-1114 +1 other reference |
Georgia | |
| Am Min 90:1108-1114 |
Japan (TL) | |
| Introd.Japan.Min. (1970) +2 other references |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Kolesar et al. (1993) |
| Kolesar et al. (1993) +2 other references | |
Malaysia | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Romania | |
| A. Januszewska PXRD data / Januszewska et al. (in preparation) |
Russia | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Mikhail Tsyganko +2 other references |
USA | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Gibbs (1985) |
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White Caps Mine, Manhattan, Manhattan Mining District, Toquima Range, Nye County, Nevada, USA