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Pseudoboleite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Pseudoboleite (126)

Pseudoboleite Gallery Search Photos of Pseudoboleite

Edit Add Synonym Edit CIF structures Clear Cache

Pseudoboleite

The Gannel Smelter slag locality, Crantock, Cornwall, England, UK

Pseudoboleite, etc.

Amelia Mine, Arroyo de la Soledad, Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Pseudoboleite, etc.

Amelia Mine, Arroyo de la Soledad, Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Pseudoboleite

The Gannel Smelter slag locality, Crantock, Cornwall, England, UK

Pseudoboleite, etc.

Amelia Mine, Arroyo de la Soledad, Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Pseudoboleite, etc.

Amelia Mine, Arroyo de la Soledad, Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Pseudoboleite

The Gannel Smelter slag locality, Crantock, Cornwall, England, UK

Pseudoboleite, etc.

Amelia Mine, Arroyo de la Soledad, Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

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About PseudoboleiteHide

Formula:

Pb₃₁Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈

Colour:

Indigo blue, green-blue

Lustre:

Vitreous, Pearly

Hardness:

2½

Specific Gravity:

4.85

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Name:

From the Greek "false" and boleite.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Closely related to boleite on which it may form epitaxial overgrowths.

See also the related blue Pb-Cu-chlorides diaboleite and cumengeite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3301

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3301:1

GUID
(UUID V4):

1f937fce-b404-4286-88eb-bff6a0018ba2

IMA Classification of PseudoboleiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

First published:

1895

Type description reference:

Lacroix, Alfred (1895) Sur quelques minéraux des mines du Boléo (Basse-Californie) Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle , S. 1 Vol. 1. Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. 39-42

Classification of PseudoboleiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

3.DB.10

3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
B : With Pb, Cu, etc.

Dana 8th ed.:

10.6.8.1

10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
6 : A_mB_n(O,OH)_pX_q

Hey's CIM Ref.:

8.8.14

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Pbol	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of PseudoboleiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Pearly

Transparency:

Translucent

Comment:

Pearly on cleavages.

Colour:

Indigo blue, green-blue

Streak:

Light green

Hardness:

2½ on Mohs scale

Cleavage:

Perfect
Perfect on {001}, nearly perfect on {101}

Density:

4.85 g/cm³ (Measured) 5.07 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of PseudoboleiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (-)

RI values:

n_ω = 2.030 n_ε = 2.000

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.030

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Very High

Chemistry of PseudoboleiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Pb₃₁Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈

Elements listed:

Cl, Cu, H, O, Pb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of PseudoboleiteHide

Crystal System:

Tetragonal

Class (H-M):

4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

I4/mmm

Cell Parameters:

a = 15.24(2) Å, c = 30.74(5) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 2.017

Unit Cell V:

7,139.60 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Rarely single crystals (pseudo-cubic, thick tabular). Commonly epitaxial overgrowths on boleite with mutually parallel {001}.

Crystal StructureHide

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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0014859	Pseudoboleite	Giuseppetti G, Mazzi F, Tadini C (1992) The crystal structure of pseudoboleite: Pb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48; its relations with the structures of boleite and cumengeite Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1992 113-126		1992	Boleo, Baja California, Mexico	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Pseudoboleite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Giuseppetti G'
'Mazzi F'
'Tadini C'
_journal_name_full 'Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte'
_journal_volume 1992 
_journal_year 1992
_journal_page_first 113
_journal_page_last 126
_publ_section_title
;
 The crystal structure of pseudoboleite: Pb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48;
 its relations with the structures of boleite and cumengeite
;
_database_code_amcsd 0014859
_chemical_compound_source 'Boleo, Baja California, Mexico'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Pb15.5 Cu12 Cl31 (O24 H24)'
_cell_length_a 15.24
_cell_length_b 15.24
_cell_length_c 30.74
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 7139.598
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      5.099
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'I 4/m m m'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  '-y,-x,z'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,1/2+z'
  'y,x,-z'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,1/2-z'
  'y,-x,-z'
  '1/2+y,1/2-x,1/2-z'
  '-y,x,z'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  'x,y,-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2+z'
  'y,x,z'
  '1/2+y,1/2+x,1/2+z'
  '-y,-x,-z'
  '1/2-y,1/2-x,1/2-z'
  '-y,x,-z'
  '1/2-y,1/2+x,1/2-z'
  'y,-x,z'
  '1/2+y,1/2-x,1/2+z'
  '-x,y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,1/2+z'
  'x,-y,-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,1/2-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Pb1   0.00000   0.27500   0.24210   1.00000   0.02890
Pb2   0.30420   0.30420   0.15100   1.00000   0.02610
Pb3   0.00000   0.50000   0.13510   1.00000   0.03080
Pb4   0.27400   0.50000   0.00000   1.00000   0.03330
Pb5a   0.00000   0.00000   0.39270   0.68700   0.02810
Pb5b   0.00000   0.00000   0.37060   0.31300   0.03140
Pb6   0.15470   0.00000   0.00000   0.47600   0.05660
Pb7   0.00000   0.00000   0.08370   0.46800   0.07130
Pb8   0.00000   0.50000   0.00000   0.44900   0.05410
Pb9   0.00000   0.00000   0.27160   0.63100   0.05270
Cu1   0.25660   0.09530   0.12670   1.00000   0.02140
Cu2   0.25650   0.25650   0.04710   1.00000   0.02220
Cl1   0.37810   0.11610   0.30760   1.00000   0.03090
Cl2   0.38370   0.38370   0.05920   1.00000   0.03230
Cl3   0.37800   0.37800   0.43830   1.00000   0.05220
Cl4   0.35790   0.35790   0.25120   1.00000   0.04100
Cl5   0.00000   0.17360   0.34020   1.00000   0.04240
Cl6   0.00000   0.37040   0.43410   1.00000   0.02950
Cl7   0.32650   0.00000   0.00000   1.00000   0.03300
Cl8   0.00000   0.00000   0.17390   1.00000   0.03850
O-H1   0.19120   0.31180   0.09430   1.00000   0.03040
O-H2   0.31080   0.31080   0.34600   1.00000   0.01830
O-H3   0.00000   0.33060   0.10510   1.00000   0.02490
O-H4   0.00000   0.21080   0.16320   1.00000   0.02330
O-H5   0.20990   0.32930   0.00000   1.00000   0.02740

Epitaxial Relationships of PseudoboleiteHide

Epitaxial Minerals:

Boleite

KPb₂₆Ag₉Cu₂₄(OH)₄₈Cl₆₂

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
4.43 Å	(100)
3.83 Å	(100)
2.707 Å	(95)
2.551 Å	(60)
2.389 Å	(60)
2.334 Å	(65)
1.990 Å	(60)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event	<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals]

Geological Setting:

Secondary mineral of lead deposits. Smelter slag immersed in seawater.

Type Occurrence of PseudoboleiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Boleo District, Santa Rosalía, Mulegé Municipality, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Reference:

Lacroix, A. (1895) Sur quelques minéraux des mines du Boléo (Basse-Californie). Bulletin du Muséum D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris: 1: 39-42.

Download:

https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/Bulletin_Museum_national_histoire_1_1895_39.pdf

Other Language Names for PseudoboleiteHide

German:Pseudoboleit

Russian:Псевдоболеит

Simplified Chinese:水氯铜铅矿

Spanish:Pseudoboleita

Traditional Chinese:水氯銅鉛礦

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

61 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Boleite	KPb₂₆Ag₉Cu₂₄(OH)₄₈Cl₆₂
17 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Cumengeite	Pb₂₁Cu₂₀Cl₄₂(OH)₄₀ · 6H₂O
14 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Phosgenite	Pb₂CO₃Cl₂
12 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Paratacamite	Cu₃(Cu,Zn)(OH)₆Cl₂
8 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Laurionite	PbCl(OH)
8 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Penfieldite	Pb₂Cl₃(OH)
7 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
5 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Bindheimite	Pb₂Sb₂O₆O
5 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Malachite	Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂
5 photos of Pseudoboleite associated with Atacamite	Cu₂(OH)₃Cl

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

3.DB.	Rickturnerite	Pb₇O₄[Mg(OH)₄](OH)Cl₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
3.DB.05	Diaboleite	Pb₂CuCl₂(OH)₄	Tet. 4mm : P4mm
3.DB.15	Boleite	KPb₂₆Ag₉Cu₂₄(OH)₄₈Cl₆₂	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Pm3m
3.DB.20	Cumengeite	Pb₂₁Cu₂₀Cl₄₂(OH)₄₀ · 6H₂O	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.DB.25	Bideauxite	Pb₂AgCl₃(F,OH)₂	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
3.DB.30	Chloroxiphite	Pb₃CuO₂Cl₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
3.DB.35	Hematophanite	Pb₄Fe₃O₈(OH,Cl)	Tet. 4mm : P4mm
3.DB.40	Asisite	Pb₇SiO₉Cl₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.DB.40	Parkinsonite	Pb₇MoO₉Cl₂	Tet.
3.DB.40	Janchevite	Pb₇V⁵⁺(O_8.5◻_0.5)Cl₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
3.DB.45	Murdochite	PbCu₆O_8-x(Cl,Br)_2x	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.DB.45	Eddavidite	Pb₂Cu₁₂O₁₅Br₂	Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fm3m
3.DB.50	Yedlinite	Pb₆Cr³⁺Cl₆(O,OH,H₂O)₈	Trig. 3 : R3
3.DB.55	Siidraite	Pb₂Cu(OH)₂I₃	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Fddd

Other InformationHide

Notes:

Soluble in HNO3.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PseudoboleiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3301.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Pseudoboleite on Webmineral

Look for Pseudoboleite on Wikipedia

Look for Pseudoboleite on Mineralien Atlas

Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for PseudoboleiteHide

Reference List:

Friedel, Georges (1906) Contribution à l'étude de la boléite et de ses congénères. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 29 (2) 14-55 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1906.2769

Goßner, B., Arm, M. (1930) VIII. Chemische und röntgenographische Untersuchungen an Stoffen und Kristallen von komplexer Bauart. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 72 (1) 202-236 doi:10.1524/zkri.1930.72.1.202

Friedel, G. (1930) XI. Sur la Boleite, la Pseudoboléite et la Cumengeite: Reponse ä MM. Gossner et Arm. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 73 (1) 147-158 doi:10.1524/zkri.1930.73.1.147

Gossner, B. (1930) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 75: 365.

Hocart-Strasbourg, R. (1930) II. Sur la détermination des paramètres de la boléite, de la pseudoboléite et de la cumengéite, au moyen des rayons X. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 74 (1) 20-24 doi:10.1524/zkri.1930.74.1.20

Abdul-Samad, Fawzy A., Alun Humphries, D., Thomas, John H., Williams, Peter A. (1981) Chemical studies on the stabilities of boleite and pseudoboleite. Mineralogical Magazine, 44 (333) 101-104 doi:10.1180/minmag.1981.44.333.16

Giuseppetti, G., Mazzi, F., Tadini, C. (1992) The crystal structure of pseudoboleite: Pb₃₁Cu₂₄Cl₆₂(OH)₄₈; its relations with the structures of boleite and cumengeite. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 1992. 113-126

Jambor, John L. (1992) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 77 (11-12) 1305-1309 p.1308

Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. - Ed. (1997) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 3 - Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona. p.1-682.pp.452-452

Frost, Ray L, Williams, Peter A (2004) Raman spectroscopy of some basic chloride containing minerals of lead and copper. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 60 (8) 2071-2077 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2003.11.007

Burke, Ernst A. J. (2008) Tidying up mineral names: an IMA-CNMNC scheme for suffixes, hyphens and diacritical marks. The Mineralogical Record, 39 (2) 131-135

(2023) Pseudoboleite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for PseudoboleiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Austria
Carinthia Sankt Veit an der Glan District Guttaring Waitschach ⓘ Slag localities	abstract in Mitt. Österr. Mineral. ... +2 other references

Chile
Antofagasta Antofagasta Province Antofagasta ⓘ Capricornio vein system	Arfè et al. (2016)
Sierra Gorda Caracoles mining district Caracoles ⓘ Beatriz Mine	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
ⓘ La Poderosa Mine	Collected by Terry Szenic and in the ...
ⓘ Margarita Mine	maurizio dini collection - analysed ...
ⓘ Santa Catalina Mine	Mr. Terry Szenics.
ⓘ La Compañia Mine	Demetrius Pohl identified AMNH 1985 +2 other references
ⓘ Rosario mine	Rob Lavinky samples +1 other reference
Tarapacá Iquique Province Alto Hospicio Huantajaya mining district ⓘ Santa Rosa Mine	SEM-EDS by Joy Desor
Tamarugal Province Pozo Almonte Cerro Challacollo ⓘ Lolón Main Mine	maurzi +1 other reference

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Loire Roanne Le Crozet ⓘ Les Rats Mine slag dumps	Chollet et al. (2013)

Germany
Lower Saxony Goslar District Langelsheim Astfeld ⓘ Herzog Julius smelter slag locality

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Lavrion Mining District Km 3 Kaminiza mines ⓘ Esperanza Mine
Sounion Cato Sounio mines ⓘ Sounion Mine No. 19	Rieck et al. (1999) +2 other references
ⓘ Lavrion slag localities	40 (in German) +1 other reference
ⓘ Agios Nikolaos Cove slag locality	Fritz Schreiber collection (SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch)
ⓘ Harakas Cove slag locality	Kolitsch et al. (2014)
ⓘ Sounion Cove slag locality ?	Ko Jansen
ⓘ Thorikos Bay slag locality	Gelaude et al. (1996)
ⓘ Vrissaki Point slag locality	Pascal Chollet collection (visual ID by Uwe Kolitsch, by comparison to SXRD-analysed specimens)

Iran
Isfahan Province Nain County Anarak District ⓘ Chah Khouni Mine	Bariand

Italy
Lazio Metropolitan City of Rome Capital Anzio ⓘ Tor Caldara slag locality	Marco Bonifazi collection (typical twinning)
Liguria Genoa Genoa Varenna Valley ⓘ Carpenara slag locality	Rivista Mineralogica Italiana (3)
Sardinia Sassari Province Sassari ⓘ Argentiera Mine (Argentiera della Nurra Mine)	Ara D. et al. (2013)
South Sardinia Province Nuxis Monte Tamara mining area ⓘ San Pietro Mine	Lecca G.C. et al. (2022)
Villaputzu ⓘ Baccu Locci Mine	Campostrini et al. (1999) +1 other reference
Tuscany Grosseto Province Massa Marittima ⓘ Bruscoline (Serrabottini North)	Bazzoni et al. (2014)
Livorno Province Piombino ⓘ Baratti slag locality	Franzini et al. (1992)

Mexico (TL)
Baja California Sur Mulegé Municipality Santa Rosalía ⓘ Boleo District (TL)	Bull. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Paris (1889) +2 other references
Arroyo de la Soledad ⓘ Amelia Mine	2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ...
Arroyo del Boleo ⓘ Curuglu Mine	Panczner (1987)

Norway
Nordland Narvik ⓘ Hundholmen	Husdal (2020)

Spain
Catalonia Girona Ribes de Freser Vall de Ribes mining district ⓘ San Miguel Mine (Maura prospect)	Pedro Mingueza et al. (2022) +1 other reference

UK
England Cornwall Crantock ⓘ The Gannel Smelter slag locality	BMS Newsletter 79 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html)
Newquay ⓘ Tolcarne Beach	Golley et al. (1995)
Tywardreath and Par ⓘ Par Smelter (Slag Locality)	Peter Trebilcock Collection.
Scotland Dumfries and Galloway Wanlockhead ⓘ Meadowfoot Smelter slag locality	Rust (2022)

USA
Arizona Maricopa County Painted Rock Mountains Painted Rock Mining District Theba ⓘ Rowley Mine	Michael Cline Collection
Pima County Sierrita Mountains Pima Mining District (Olive Mining District; Mineral Hill Mining District; Twin Buttes Mining District) San Xavier Mission complex Mineral Hill Mineral Hill Mines (Azurite group; Old Azurite Mine; Copper Glance Mine) ⓘ Daisy Mine (Daisy shaft)	Williams (1961) +1 other reference
Pinal County Mammoth Mining District Tiger St. Anthony deposit ⓘ Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine	Palache (1941) +2 other references
California San Bernardino County Silver Lake Mining District Soda Mountains Baker Otto Mountain ⓘ Bird Nest E3	PXRD analyzed by Tony Kampf.
New Mexico Hidalgo County Pyramid Mountains Lordsburg Mining District Lordsburg Virginia District ⓘ Atwood-Henry Clay Mine (Alamo Mine)	Jerry Cone Collection
Washington Pierce County Tacoma ⓘ ASARCO Smelter Site slag locality	Washington Geology

Pseudoboleite

About PseudoboleiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of PseudoboleiteHide

Classification of PseudoboleiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of PseudoboleiteHide

Optical Data of PseudoboleiteHide

Chemistry of PseudoboleiteHide

Crystallography of PseudoboleiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

Epitaxial Relationships of PseudoboleiteHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of PseudoboleiteHide

Other Language Names for PseudoboleiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for PseudoboleiteHide

References for PseudoboleiteHide

Localities for PseudoboleiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide