Patrónite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Patrónite
Formula:
VS4
Colour:
Lead-gray on fresh surface, gray-black on exposed surface
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2
Specific Gravity:
2.82
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Antenor Rizo-Patrona (1866–1948) metallurgist of the Huaraucaca smelter, who discovered the ore.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3131
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3131:4
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
3f3c6561-27ef-45ff-b658-ccfcecb5b191
IMA Classification of Patrónite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1906
Type description reference:
Classification of Patrónite
2.EC.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
C : M:S = 1:>2
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
C : M:S = 1:>2
2.16.21.1
2 : SULFIDES
16 : Miscellaneous
2 : SULFIDES
16 : Miscellaneous
3.7.1
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
7 : Sulphides etc. of V, As, Sb and Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Pat | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Patrónite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Lead-gray on fresh surface, gray-black on exposed surface
Hardness:
2 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Very Good
Pronounced columnar cleavage
Pronounced columnar cleavage
Density:
2.82(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.834 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Patrónite
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 20.2% | 29.9% |
420nm | 20.0% | 30.0% |
440nm | 19.8% | 30.1% |
460nm | 19.8% | 30.8% |
480nm | 20.0% | 31.9% |
500nm | 20.1% | 32.6% |
520nm | 20.1% | 32.9% |
540nm | 20.0% | 32.8% |
560nm | 19.8% | 32.4% |
580nm | 19.6% | 31.4% |
600nm | 19.1% | 30.5% |
620nm | 18.9% | 29.6% |
640nm | 18.8% | 29.6% |
660nm | 19.0% | 29.8% |
680nm | 19.2% | 30.3% |
700nm | 19.5% | 31.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 32.9%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Dark gray
Pleochroism:
Strong
Chemistry of Patrónite
Mindat Formula:
VS4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Patrónite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.11(1) Å, b = 10.42(1) Å, c = 6.775(5) Å
β = 100.8°
β = 100.8°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.162 : 1 : 0.65
Unit Cell V:
839.77 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Massive, and as aggregates of columnar crystals
Comment:
Space Group: I2/c.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.604 Å | (100) |
5.181 Å | (65) |
2.473 Å | (30) |
2.216 Å | (30) |
2.047 Å | (25) |
3.151 Å | (20) |
2.962 Å | (20) |
Comments:
Synthetic
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Type Occurrence of Patrónite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Massive and aggregates of columnar crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard Mineralogical Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 100822 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Ore mineral in vanadium deposit.
Reference:
Hewett, F. (1906) A new occurrence of vanadium in Peru. Engineering and Mining Journal: 82: 385-385.
Synonyms of Patrónite
Other Language Names for Patrónite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
47 photos of Patrónite associated with Melanovanadite | Ca(V5+,V4+)4O10 · 5H2O |
10 photos of Patrónite associated with Minasragrite | (V4+O)(SO4) · 5H2O |
7 photos of Patrónite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
3 photos of Patrónite associated with Stanleyite | (V4+O)(SO4) · 6H2O |
3 photos of Patrónite associated with Fernandinite | (Ca,K)(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 10H2O |
3 photos of Patrónite associated with Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
2 photos of Patrónite associated with Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
1 photo of Patrónite associated with Dwornikite | Ni(SO4) · H2O |
1 photo of Patrónite associated with Bravoite | (Fe,Ni)S2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.EC.05 | Kieftite | CoSb3 |
2.EC.05 | Nickelskutterudite | (Ni,Co,Fe)As3 |
2.EC.05 | Skutterudite | CoAs3 |
2.EC.05 | Ferroskutterudite | (Fe,Co)As3 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Patrónite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3131.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Patrónite
Localities for Patrónite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Stillwell (1932) +1 other reference |
El Salvador | |
| Joan Rosell (2023) |
Finland | |
| Peltola (1960) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Karpenko et al. (2011) |
Bernard et al. (2004) | |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
Peru | |
| Hewett (1910) |
| Hewett (1906) +3 other references |
Russia | |
| Vakh et al. (2009, March) +1 other reference |
| Koval'chuk et al. (2008) |
Spain | |
| Dill et al. (2023) |
Dill et al. (2023) |
Quick NavTopAbout PatróniteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Ragra Mine, Huayllay District, Pasco Province, Pasco, Peru