Linarite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored by Richard Eddy
About Linarite
Formula:
PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Colour:
Deep azure blue; deep blue in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.35
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1839 by Ernst Friedrich Glocker for the type locality, Linares, Linares-La Carolina District, Jaén, Andalusia, Spain.
Type Locality:
The S (sulfate(VI)) analogue of franksousaite.
Usually found as small to microscopic azure blue crystals, either tabular or elongated, in clusters or as crusts.
Usually found as small to microscopic azure blue crystals, either tabular or elongated, in clusters or as crusts.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Linarite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2403
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2403:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
7d99ac1d-5cdf-483e-bf20-094ca58ff681
IMA Classification of Linarite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
CuPb(SO4)(OH)2
First published:
1822
Type description reference:
Classification of Linarite
7.BC.65
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 7th ed.:
30.2.3.1
30.2.3.1
30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
2 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
25.7.6
25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Lna | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Linarite
Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Deep azure blue; deep blue in transmitted light.
Comment:
Similar to azurite but not as deep.
Streak:
Pale blue.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {100}, perfect; on {001}, imperfect.
On {100}, perfect; on {001}, imperfect.
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
5.35 g/cm3 (Measured) 5.33 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Linarite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.809 nβ = 1.838 nγ = 1.859
2V:
Measured: 80° , Calculated: 78°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.050
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
Strong r < v
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X ^c~ -24° = Pale blue
Y = Clear blue
Z = b = Prussian-blue
Y = Clear blue
Z = b = Prussian-blue
Chemistry of Linarite
Mindat Formula:
PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Crystallography of Linarite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.682(2) Å, b = 5.646(1) Å, c = 4.683(6) Å
β = 102.66(1)°
β = 102.66(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.715 : 1 : 0.829
Unit Cell V:
249.9 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals thin to thick tabular {101} and {001}, also elongated parallel to [010]; usually found as small to microscopic clusters or crusts.
Twinning:
Twinning on {100} common; reported on {001}.
Comment:
a = 9.81, b = 5.65, c = 4.70, β = 104.7 (Bachmann and Zemann 1961). a = 9.701(2), b = 5.650(2), c = 4.690(2), β = 102.65(2) (Effenberger 1987). a = 9.682(2), b = 5.646(1), c = 4.683(6), β = 102.66(1) (Schofield et al. 2009, at 293 K)
Crystallographic forms of Linarite
Crystal Atlas:
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0006293 | Linarite | Schofield P F, Wilson C C, Knight K S, Kirk C A (2009) Proton location and hydrogen bonding in the hydrous lead copper sulfates linarite, PbCu(SO4)(OH)2, and caledonite, Pb5Cu2(SO4)3CO3(OH)6 The Canadian Mineralogist 47 649-662 | 2009 | Leadhills, Lanarkshire, Scotland | 0 | 293 | |
0014611 | Linarite | Effenberger H (1987) Crystal structure and chemical formula of schmiederite, Pb2Cu2(OH)4(SeO3)(SeO4), with a comparison to linarite PbCu(OH)2(SO4) Mineralogy and Petrology 36 3-12 | 1987 | Leadhills, Scotland | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
4.85 Å | (40) |
4.52 Å | (60) |
3.63 Å | (30) |
3.56 Å | (60) |
3.15 Å | (100) |
3.11 Å | (40) |
2.71 Å | (30) |
2.59 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] | |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
55 : Anthropogenic mine minerals | |
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Geological Setting:
An uncommon secondary mineral found in the oxidation zone of lead mineral deposits.
Type Occurrence of Linarite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Easily cleaved, brilliant blue crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Mining Academy, Freiberg, Germany 46.527.
Reference:
Brooke, H.I. (1822) On a new lead ore. The Annals of Philosophy: 4: 117-119.
Synonyms of Linarite
Other Language Names for Linarite
Relationship of Linarite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Chenite | Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Franksousaite | PbCu(Se6+O4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Munakataite | Pb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Schmiederite | Pb2Cu2(Se6+O4)(Se4+O3)(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
522 photos of Linarite associated with Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
430 photos of Linarite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
395 photos of Linarite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
306 photos of Linarite associated with Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
291 photos of Linarite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
290 photos of Linarite associated with Anglesite | PbSO4 |
266 photos of Linarite associated with Galena | PbS |
93 photos of Linarite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
92 photos of Linarite associated with Serpierite | Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O |
90 photos of Linarite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.BC. | Adranosite-(Fe) | (NH4)4NaFe3+2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
7.BC. | Adranosite | (NH4)4NaAl2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
7.BC. | D'Ansite-(Mn) | Na21Mn2+(SO4)10Cl3 |
7.BC. | Agaite | Pb3CuTeO5(OH)2(CO3) |
7.BC. | D'Ansite-(Fe) | Na21Fe2+(SO4)10Cl3 |
7.BC. | Acmonidesite | (NH4,K,Pb)8NaFe2+4(SO4)5Cl8 |
7.BC. | Backite | Pb2AlTeO6Cl |
7.BC. | Hagstromite | Pb8Cu2+(Te6+O6)2(CO3)Cl4 |
7.BC. | Wildcatite | CaFe3+Te6+O5(OH) |
7.BC. | Franksousaite | PbCu(Se6+O4)(OH)2 |
7.BC. | Zincochenite | Pb4Zn(OH)6(SO4)2 |
7.BC. | Viskontite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(SeO3)(OH)6 |
7.BC.05 | D'Ansite | Na21Mg(SO4)10Cl3 |
7.BC.07 | Apatelite | Fe3(SO4)2(OH)5 · 0.5H2O |
7.BC.07 | Unnamed (Ba-Fe Vanadate) | Ba, Fe, V, O, H |
7.BC.10 | Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Ammonioalunite | (NH4)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Ammoniojarosite | (NH4)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Argentojarosite | AgFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Beaverite-(Cu) | Pb(Fe3+2Cu)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Dorallcharite | TlFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Huangite | Ca0.5Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Hydroniumjarosite | (H3O)Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Jarosite | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Natroalunite-2c | (Na,Ca0.5,K)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Natroalunite | NaAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Natrojarosite | NaFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Osarizawaite | Pb(Al2Cu2+)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Plumbojarosite | Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Schlossmacherite | (H3O)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Walthierite | Ba0.5Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.10 | Beaverite-(Zn) | Pb(Fe3+2Zn)(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.15 | Ye'elimite | Ca4Al6(SO4)O12 |
7.BC.20 | Atlasovite | K(BiO)Cu6Fe3+(SO4)5O3Cl |
7.BC.20 | Nabokoite | KCu7(SO4)5(Te4+O3)OCl |
7.BC.20 | Puninite | Na2Cu3O(SO4)3 |
7.BC.25 | Chlorothionite | K2Cu(SO4)Cl2 |
7.BC.30 | Euchlorine | KNaCu3(SO4)3O |
7.BC.30 | Fedotovite | K2Cu3(SO4)3O |
7.BC.35 | Kamchatkite | KCu3(SO4)2OCl |
7.BC.40 | Piypite | K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl |
7.BC.45 | Klyuchevskite | K3Cu3(Fe3+,Al)(SO4)4O2 |
7.BC.45 | Alumoklyuchevskite | K3Cu3(Al,Fe3+)(SO4)4O2 |
7.BC.45 | Belousovite | KZn(SO4)Cl |
7.BC.47 | Müllerite | Pb2Fe3+(Te6+O6)Cl |
7.BC.50 | Caledonite | Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6 |
7.BC.50 | Elasmochloite | Na3Cu6BiO4(SO4)5 |
7.BC.52 | Eleomelanite | (K2Pb)Cu4O2(SO4)4 |
7.BC.55 | Wherryite | Pb7Cu2(SO4)4(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
7.BC.55 | Falgarite | K4(VO)3(SO4)5 |
7.BC.57 | Krasheninnikovite | KNa2CaMg(SO4)3F |
7.BC.60 | Mammothite | Pb6Cu4AlSb5+O2(OH)16Cl4(SO4)2 |
7.BC.60 | Wulffite | K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4 |
7.BC.60 | Parawulffite | K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8 |
7.BC.62 | Shuvalovite | K2(Ca2Na)(SO4)3F |
7.BC.65 | Schmiederite | Pb2Cu2(Se6+O4)(Se4+O3)(OH)4 |
7.BC.65 | Munakataite | Pb2Cu2(Se4+O3)(SO4)(OH)4 |
7.BC.65 | Therasiaite | (NH4)3KNa2Fe2+Fe3+(SO4)3Cl5 |
7.BC.65 | Saccoite | Ca2Mn3+2F(OH)8 · 0.5(SO4) |
7.BC.70 | Chenite | Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6 |
7.BC.75 | Krivovichevite | Pb3Al(OH)6(SO4)(OH) |
7.BC.80 | Anhydrokainite | KMg(SO4)Cl |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Linarite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2403.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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Mineral Dealers:
References for Linarite
Reference List:
Phillips, William, Alger, Francis (1844) An Elementary Treatise on Mineralogy (5th ed.) William D. Ticknor & Co., Boston, MA. p.552
Brugnatelli (1897) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 28: 307.
Bachmann, H. G., Zemann, J. (1961) Die Kristallstruktur von Linarit PbCuSO4(OH)2. Acta Crystallographica, 14 (7) 747-753 doi:10.1107/s0365110x61002254
Araki, Takaharu (1962) The crystal structure of linarite, reexamined. Mineralogical Journal, 3 (5) 282-295 doi:10.2465/minerj1953.3.282
Effenberger, H. (1987) Crystal structure and chemical formula of schmiederite, Pb2Cu2(OH)4(SeO3)(SeO4), with a comparison to linarite, PbCu(OH)2(SO4) Mineralogy and Petrology, 36 (1) 3-12 doi:10.1007/bf01164365
Cook, Robert B. (2006) Linarite Mammoth-St. Anthony Mine, Tiger, Pinal County, Arizona. Rocks & Minerals, 81 (3) 208-213 doi:10.3200/rmin.81.3.208-213
Lane, M. D. (2007) Mid-infrared emission spectroscopy of sulfate and sulfate-bearing minerals. American Mineralogist, 92 (1) 1-18 doi:10.2138/am.2007.2170
Localities for Linarite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) |
Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2020) | |
STELZNER (1873) +1 other reference | |
Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2020) | |
| Morello et al. (2016) |
| de Brodtkorb +2 other references |
| Bordese et al. (2016) |
| Philip Persson specimen |
| Brodtkorb (2006) |
Australia | |
| |
Cook (2006) | |
McQueen +3 other references | |
| Dieter Mylius collection |
| Dieter Mylius collcetion |
| Crocoite.com |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
Minerals of Broken Hill | |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Worner et al. (et al) +1 other reference |
Hibbs et al. (2002) | |
| Tate Museum Collection # 15774 |
| Museum Victoria collection |
| Haupt |
| Pring et al. (2000) |
| Minerals from Bundaleer and the ... |
| Kolitsch et al. (1999) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill et al. (2020) |
Bottrill et al. (2008) | |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| M. Latham Collection 2011 |
| Nickel et al. (1993) |
Grice et al. (1991) | |
| |
Hancock et al. (2007) | |
| Morris (1961) |
| Downes et al. (2017) |
Downes et al. (2017) | |
Downes et al. (2017) | |
| Downes et al. (2011) |
Austria | |
| |
| G. Blass (2001) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Auer & Kolitsch (2017) |
Meixner (1976) +1 other reference | |
Kolitsch et al. (2013) | |
| Meixner (1976) |
| Meixner (1976) |
Palache et al. (1951) | |
| G. Blass (2000) |
Puttner (1987) +1 other reference | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Puttner (1987) +3 other references |
Chris Auer | |
C.Auer (2021) | |
| Puttner (1987) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) |
Pichler (2009) | |
| C.Auer (2013) |
| |
J. Taucher: Carinthia II 186./106.:132 (1996) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Pichler (1990) |
Pichler (1990) +1 other reference | |
Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20 (11) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
| Puttner (1996) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2007) |
| A.Pichler (2012) |
| Carinthia II (2013) |
| Kirchner et al. (2007) |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20 (11) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2010) |
Exel (1993) | |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Niedermayr (2008) |
| R.Poeverlein (2016) |
R.Poeverlein (2016) | |
| Mrazek et al. (1992) |
Schnorrer et al. (2000) | |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
C.Auer (1988) | |
Strasser (1989) | |
Neschen (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| P. Tomazic et al. (2012) |
| Gerald Gesselbauer (2010) |
| Auer (2023) |
| Leikauf et al. (2005) +2 other references |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| [Lapis 1992: 2 p.19-30] |
| MEIXNER (1941) +2 other references |
| Meixner (1976) |
| Hlawatsch (1924) +1 other reference |
| Jakely (2008) |
| 54. +1 other reference |
| - (n.d.) |
| Poeverlein et al. (2007) |
| Der Aufschluß (2006) |
Poeverlein et al. (2007) | |
A.Pichler (2012) | |
| 58. +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch et al. (2020) |
| Kolitsch (2013) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2011) |
Kolitsch (2013) | |
Belgium | |
| Ottenburgs et al. (1998) |
| van Tassel et al. (1979) +1 other reference |
| Hatert et al. (2002) |
| Arnold Van Herreweghe Collection |
Hatert et al. (2000) +1 other reference | |
| José Dehove collection |
| Blondieau (1997) +1 other reference |
| van Tassel. R. (1979) |
| Blondieau (1997) +1 other reference |
| Blondieau (1997) |
Bolivia | |
| F. Ahlfeld & J. Munoz-Reyes (1955) |
Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009) +1 other reference | |
| Wilson (2001) +1 other reference |
| doi:10.3390/min7050068 +2 other references |
| Kempff et al. (2003) |
| Petrov et al. (2006) |
| Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955) |
Bulgaria | |
| Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Annual ... |
| Ivan Pojarevski (bulgarianminerals.com) |
Canada | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 +1 other reference |
| Personal collection of John Dagenais |
| Rocks & Minerals 81: 208-213. +1 other reference |
| Mark Mauthner specimen |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 +1 other reference |
| Jambor (1967b) |
Chile | |
| Sample from the collection of Copiapó ... |
| Tartakowsky (1921) |
| "Apuntes sobre algunas minas de la ... +2 other references |
| |
| "Geología del distrito Zapallar de ... +2 other references |
"Geología del distrito minero Zapallar ... +2 other references | |
| collected and analysed by french ... |
| Wet Chemical by Gerhard Möhn |
samples analysed by Gerhard Moehn | |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. ... |
H. Flores W. (1941) | |
| Arliguie M collection |
Maurizio Dini collection | |
| various added photos |
| "Alteración Hidrotermal y ... +2 other references |
| A.Molina collection +1 other reference |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
| M.Dini collection |
China | |
| Personally collected David Clayton ... |
Czech Republic | |
| RÜSENBERG et al. (1996) |
| Řídkošil |
| Ondruš et al. (1989) |
[Bull.N.M.Praha 2002 | |
[Bull.N.M.Praha 2002 | |
| Ondruš et al. (1989) |
| [Lapis 1995 |
| Pauliš P. et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| František Novák et al. (2002) |
| Fengl +3 other references |
| Fojt |
| Pauliš et al. (2023) |
Novotný et al. (rozrážka u Pomocné jámy) | |
Pauliš | |
| Roman Gramblička collection |
Pauliš (2012) | |
Č +4 other references | |
| Roman Gramblicka collection |
| Pauliš P. +1 other reference |
Egypt | |
| Fawzy et al. (2021) |
Europe | |
| Jansa et al. (Č) +4 other references |
Finland | |
| Jyrki Autio collection |
France | |
| Boisson et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Several AFM members collection |
| Gol (2012) |
| "Les minéraux et al. (1977) |
| Nino Pastoors collection |
| R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) |
| R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) |
| Roman Gramblička collection |
| Duarte (2014) |
| Designolle J-L. (1993) |
| Chollet et al. (2013) |
Vernay (1997) +1 other reference | |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
| Y. Vessely collection +1 other reference |
| P.-C. Guiollard (2002) +1 other reference |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
| Coueille (1988) |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
| Favreau G. et al. (1996) |
Jean Chervet collection | |
| Chollet Pascal collection - collected ... |
Valverde J. (1999) | |
Chollet Pascal Collection | |
| De Ascençao Guedes et al. (2000) |
| De Ascencao Guedes R. (2001) |
| various photographs |
various added photos | |
PASSAQUI J.-P. et al. (2007) | |
| Kolitsch (1997) |
Kolitsch (1997) | |
Fabrice Moreau | |
| Pierrot et al. (1975) |
P. Le Roch collection | |
| Pierrot R. et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
| Germain C. et al. (1990) |
| R.PIERROT et al. (1973) |
| R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) |
| HP Schröder collection |
| R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
P&T N°23-24 et al. (Haut-Rhin) | |
| Wittern et al. (2004) |
| Mines |
Mines | |
Mines +1 other reference | |
T. Brunsperger | |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Cédrick Gineste 22.12.2012. |
| Cédrick Gineste photo & specimen |
| Remy Ph. (2003) |
| Gol (2014) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
| www.zampano.com (n.d.) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
Berbain et al. (2005) | |
| Pierrot +1 other reference |
| www.pangeaminerals.com (2005) |
Leconte J. et al. (2016) | |
Pierrot | |
| Jean-Marie LAURENT collection |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
R.De ASCENÇAO GUEDES (2004) | |
| Jean-Marie LAURENT collection |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
Pierrot | |
| Le Cahier des micromonteurs |
| Several AFM members collection |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Gol et al. (2010) |
| Gourault C. (1997) |
| Font Philippe collection |
Gol et al. (2010) | |
| Marcel Valladares collection |
No References | |
| Lheur et al. (1998) |
| Jean-Marie LAURENT collection |
| D. Gol (2009) |
| Mineralogical Record 2011 42:0-32 +1 other reference |
| BERBAIN et al. (2010) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) |
| Bernadi et al. (2014) |
| Jean-Vincent Coureau collection |
| R. Pierrot |
| Jean-Luc Portes Collection |
| R. Pierrot |
| Found by A. Santi |
| Self collected by S. MAURY |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection +1 other reference |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Emser Hefte 15 (3) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Walenta (1992) | |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Walenta (1992) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Walenta (1992) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis 21 (12) |
| Steen et al. (1993) |
www.mineralienatlas.de (2021) | |
| Wittern (1995) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Lapis 21 (12) |
| Kaiser (1983) +1 other reference |
| Metz et al. (1957) +2 other references |
| |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
Walenta (1992) | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis 8 (4) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Obermüller (2003) |
| Hauner (2024) |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
Lapis 25 (2) | |
Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
Lapis (10) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| ... |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Dana 6: 928. |
| Dana 6:928. |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Joachim Gröbner (2019) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg et al. (2007) |
Weiß (1990) | |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Wittern et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
Ko Jansen +1 other reference | |
"Lithothek" collection of the ... | |
Gröbner et al. (2011) | |
Gröbner et al. (2009) | |
| |
Gröbner et al. (2011) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| |
| van den Berg et al. (1990) |
Neschen (n.d.) | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
hède frédéric | |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Gröbner et al. (2011) | |
| |
| J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg et al. (2007) |
| Gröbner (2007) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Collection of Elmar Lackner |
| Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich) |
| |
| Lapis (2) |
| Weiß (1990) +1 other reference |
| www.alterbergbau.de |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1986) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Andreas Gerstenberg collection |
Weiß (1990) | |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Reinhardt et al. (2016) | |
| Johannes Markus Henrich +2 other references |
Schnorrer-Köhler (1987) | |
| Rolf Golze +3 other references |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
Blaß et al. (1995) | |
Blaß et al. (1995) | |
| Graf et al. (1982) |
| GeoMontanus: Die Mineralien von Rescheid |
| GeoMontanus: Die Mineralien von Rescheid |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Weiß (1990) | |
| Remmert (2023) +2 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
| Nino Martincevic Collection |
| Harms (2010) |
Lapis 1988 (1) | |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
| Volker Reppke Collection |
| Schüller et al. (2013) |
| in the collection of Frank de Witt |
| Emser Hefte 1990 (1) |
Golze +3 other references | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
Weiß (1990) | |
Henrich (2007) | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| www.mineralienfreunde-der-pfalz.de (2020) |
| www.mgas.de (2003) |
| Günter Frenz collection +1 other reference |
| www.mgas.de (2003) |
| Lapis (2) |
| Kohout (2008) |
| Lapis (5) |
Lapis (5) | |
Wittern (2001) | |
Wittern (2001) | |
| Graf et al. (1991) |
| Thomas Kleser Collection |
| Markl et al. (1990) |
| Lapis (9) |
| Lapis (3) |
| Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen et al. (Munich) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| 58 (in German) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Vanrusselt (2023) |
| Alain Hanson collection |
| Th. Lühr collection |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| collection H.J. Haas |
| Thomas Luehr collection |
| Thomas Lühr Collection |
| Thomas Luehr collection |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
Gröbner et al. (2011) | |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Neschen (n.d.) |
| Mineralien Welt Jg.15 Heft 2 ... |
Besteman | |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
Wittern (2001) | |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Lapis (4) |
| Roman Gramblička collection |
| U. Ludwig |
| Loomis (1999) |
| Gröbner J. et al. (2006) |
| Kleeberg et al. (1992) |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| |
| Wittern (2001) |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (2016) |
| 43-47 +2 other references |
| J. Gröbner & J. Wesiger (2008) |
| Wittern (2001) |
Greece | |
| Katerinopoulos et al. (1994) |
| Steve Rust collection. |
Gröbner (2001) | |
| |
| Lapis et al. (1999) |
| Branko Rieck collection |
| |
| Lapis et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
58. +1 other reference | |
| Rocks and Minerals (2009) |
| |
Greenland | |
| Sørensen (2001) +1 other reference |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya +2 other references |
Szakáll: Minerals of Rudabánya | |
| Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei: Mineral ... |
| Szakáll: Minerals of Szár Hill |
| GEODA" New minerals in Hungary" +1 other reference |
Szakáll-Gatter-Jánosi: Minerals of ... | |
Iran | |
| Wilke (1977) |
Bariand | |
| Vachik Hairapetian collection |
| Scharizer (1888) |
| Wilke (1977) |
Ireland | |
| Sweeney et al. (2021) |
| |
| Moreton et al. (1992) |
| S. Moreton |
| Dr Richard Unitt (unpublished find) |
| Moreton et al. (2007) |
| S. Moreton |
S. Moreton | |
Moreton et al. (2007) | |
S. Moreton | |
| Russell (1906) |
S. Moreton | |
| Moreton et al. (2007) |
| |
S. MORETON et al. (1999) | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1959 32 : ... |
Dr Richard Unitt Collection | |
Moreton (1999) | |
Isle of Man | |
| Day (1999) |
Italy | |
| Bloise et al. (2019) |
| Russo et al. (2004) +2 other references |
Pelloux (1927) +2 other references | |
| Russo et al. (2014) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| IR analysis at Zannato Museum of Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza) +1 other reference |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2015) |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana (Avril/Juin) |
| M.E. Ciriotti Probed 2005 +1 other reference |
| Castellaro (2008) |
| G.M.Gramaccioli |
| Appiani R. et al. (1994) |
| Maida (2002) |
Maida et al. (2012) | |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana |
| Vergani et al. (2021) |
Collection Luigi Possenti-Giancarlo ... | |
| Carmagnola et al. (2019) |
| Luigi Possenti Collection |
Vergani et al. (2020) | |
| Vergani et al. (2021) |
Luigi Possenti Collection | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Orlandi et al. (1) |
| Sergio Varvello collection |
| Parola et al. (2023) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Campostrini (2001) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2019) |
Ciriotti et al. (2019) | |
| Guastoni et al. (2006) +2 other references |
Guastoni A. et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
| Mauro Savia collection |
| Luigi Chiappino data |
| Fernando Caboni et al. (2023) |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
| Stara et al. (1999) |
| Gamboni et al. (2006) |
| Olmi F. et al. (1995) |
| Pelloux (1904) +2 other references |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Traverso (1898) +1 other reference |
| Stara P. (1996) |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Brizzi G. et al. (1989) | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Fenoglio M. (1932) +1 other reference | |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| Brizzi et al. (1994) |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Preite et al. (2007) |
| Brugnatelli (1897) +2 other references |
Stara et al. (1996) | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Stara et al. (1995) |
Lovisato (1908) +2 other references | |
Antonio Gamboni collection | |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana 4/1992-"I minerali del giacimento di Monte Tamara (Nuxis) |
| Stara et al. (1993) |
Stara et al. (1993) | |
Stara et al. (1993) | |
Stara et al. (1993) | |
Stara et al. (1993) | |
| Stara et al. (1996) |
| [AmMin 85:1563] +1 other reference |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Conedera M. et al. (2016) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
| Bortolozzi G.M. et al. (2022) |
| Dario Cericola Collection (HCl test) |
| Canal et al. (2012) |
| Rocchetti I. (2012) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
| Boscardin (1973) |
| Campostrini et al. (2005) |
| Bortolozzi (n.d.) |
Bortolozzi et al. (2021) | |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
Fabio Tosato +3 other references | |
| Bazzoni C. et al. (2011) |
Bazzoni C. et al. (2011) | |
Sabelli C. et al. (GR) | |
Bazzoni et al. (2007) | |
| "Lithothek der Münchener Micromounter" ... |
| Biagioni et al. (2013) |
Jansen et al. (1998) | |
www.comune.pisa.it (2000) | |
Biagioni et al. (2013) | |
| Cerutti et al. (1995) |
| Jansen et al. (1998) |
| Luigi Chiappino data |
| Bazzoni et al. (2016) |
| |
| Sergio Pegoraro et al. (2022) +2 other references |
| Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) |
Bortolozzi (n.d.) | |
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) | |
Pegoraro S. et al. (2009) | |
Boscardin | |
| Boscardin M. et al. (Vicenza) |
| Maini et al. (2000) |
Japan | |
| Sadanaga et al. (1974) |
Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Tsunashirō Wada (1904) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| |
Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) | |
Sadanaga et al. (1974) | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Tsunashirō Wada (1904) +1 other reference |
| - (n.d.) |
- (Tada-ginzan article in the show guide for the 5th Osaka mineral show) | |
Masutomi Museum specimen | |
| Yamada (2004) |
| |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference |
| Uehara et al. (2014) |
| Ohnishi et al. (2001) |
| - (unpublished species lists maintained by local collectors) +1 other reference |
Yamada (2004) | |
| Uehara et al. (2014) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analythical data of ... |
| Evseev (1995) +1 other reference |
| Chukhrov (1945) +1 other reference |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Mexico | |
| Megaw |
| Megaw (2023) |
Querol +1 other reference | |
| Origlieri |
| Dana 7:I:518. +1 other reference |
| Panczner (1987) |
| Lapis 2001 (1) |
Morocco | |
| Georges Favreau collection |
| Jordi Fabre +1 other reference |
| Barral et al. (2008) |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Dietrich et al. (2005) | |
Georges Favreau collection | |
Myanmar | |
| Dill et al. (2013) |
Namibia | |
| von Bezing (2007) |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| von Bezing (2007) |
New Zealand | |
| Courtney et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-6626 |
Raade (1972) +2 other references | |
Juul Nilsen (1993) | |
Juul Nilsen (1993) | |
Juul Nilsen (1993) | |
Knut Edvard Larsen collection MM # 277 | |
| Raade (1993) +1 other reference |
| Raade (1995) |
Rune S. Selbekk (2010) | |
Raade (1995) | |
Pakistan | |
Ikram Mineralogy | |
| Ikram Mineralogy |
Portugal | |
| Antonio Jesus Pimentel specimen |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
Pedro Alves collection. | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
| Pedro Alves collection |
| Alves et al. (2017) |
| Pedro Alves collection |
| Pedro Alves collection |
Romania | |
| Szakáll (2002) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Russia | |
| Pekov et al. (2011) |
| Local geolofist S.V.Kolesnichenko data |
| Nikolaev et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Serafimova et al. (1994) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Kuzhuget et al. (2015) |
| Dana (1892) +1 other reference |
Slovakia | |
| Števko et al. (2016) |
| Števko M. et al. (2018) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Števko M. (2014) |
Števko M. (2015) | |
Martin Števko-unpublished | |
| Ozdín D. & Gregor M. |
| Pauliš P. |
| Mrázek |
Slovenia | |
| Žorž et al. (2002) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Meulenbeld et al. (2014) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Wight (2002) | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
SAMS (South African Micromount Society) | |
| Species list by Dr. Hans Börner |
| Reeks (2007) +1 other reference |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Meyer et al. (1986) | |
Spain | |
| Valladares et al. (2021) |
| Castro et al. (2019) |
| Georges Favreau collection |
| Georges Favreau collection |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2021) |
Carmona Ruiz et al. (2018) | |
| Calvo Rebollar (2014) |
| Carmona Ruiz +2 other references |
| Calvo Rebollar (2014) |
César Menor Salván et al. (2014) | |
| José Miguel Sola |
| Calvo Rebollar (2014) |
Handb. Mineralogie (1839) +2 other references | |
Calvo Rebollar et al. (2022) | |
Colectivo Arrayanes et al. (2008) | |
| Romero Silva JC (2003) |
| Calvo Rebollar (2014) |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Calvo (2008) |
| López (n.d.) |
| Calvo Rebollar et al. (2018) |
| Sáinz de Baranda et al. (2004) |
www.foro-minerales.com (2022) +1 other reference | |
www.foro-minerales.com (2022) +1 other reference | |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Joan Rosell |
| Pedro Mingueza et al. (2022) |
| Abella i Creus (2018) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (2008) |
| Minerals as determined by analysis by ... |
| SEM/EDS analysis by Joan Rosell (Rosell Minerales) |
| Menor et al. (2010) |
| Calvo (2015) |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Calvo (2014) |
| Calvo et al. (2020) |
Switzerland | |
| Schweizer Strahler |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Schmutz et al. (1986) | |
Le Cristallier Suisse (7) | |
Vanini F. et al. (1998) | |
| Cuchet et al. (2012) |
| Ansermet S. (1996) |
| Cuchet et al. (2016) |
Stalder et al. (1998) | |
| EDXS analyses in May 2022 by Philippe ... |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Cuchet (1993) +1 other reference |
| S. Cuchet (1995) |
86. (in German) +2 other references | |
Ansermet (2012) | |
Ansermet (2012) | |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
Thailand | |
| Števko M. et al. (2020) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| |
| Braithwaite et al. (1982) |
| S. Rust collection. |
| Golley et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Starkey (2012) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
Rob Bowell (Cardiff University analysis) | |
| Collins (1871) |
| |
Steve Rust collection | |
Golley et al. (1995) | |
A.K. Hamilton Jenkin: Annotations to ... | |
| Clayton et al. (2000) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
Golley et al. (1995) | |
| Norman Wilson collection |
| Bridges TF and Young B. Supergene Minerals of the Northern Pennine Orefield-A Review. in Journal of the Russell Society 7 (1) |
| Mike Rumsey |
| Jarvis +2 other references |
| Day (1999) |
| W Creighton specimen |
Hartley (1984) +1 other reference | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) |
Hartley (1984) +1 other reference | |
Hartley (1984) +2 other references | |
Davidson et al. (1951) +4 other references | |
| Hartley (1984) +2 other references |
Mike Leppington collection (visual ID) | |
| Hartley (1984) +1 other reference |
Shaw (1972) +1 other reference | |
Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference | |
Greg et al. (1858) +3 other references | |
Greg et al. (1858) +12 other references | |
comprising a familiar account of ... +12 other references | |
Davidson et al. (1951) +2 other references | |
Hartley (1984) +1 other reference | |
Day (1999) | |
Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Paul Nicholson Collection |
| Paul Nicholson |
Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference | |
| Day (1999) |
| Steve Rust collection |
| BMS Collection |
Claringbull (1951) +4 other references | |
Hartley (1984) +1 other reference | |
Kingsbury (xxxx) +1 other reference | |
Hartley (1984) +1 other reference | |
Briscoe et al. (2008) | |
| Day (1999) |
| M.Wirth collection |
| BMS Collection |
| Collection of RJ Martin |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
Ford et al. (1993) | |
| Ford et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| Paul De Bondt collection |
P Haas collection | |
| Collection Richard De Nul |
| |
| Rumsey et al. (2008) |
| Day (1999) |
| Ex Bernie Day Collection |
| Specimen Collected George Fletcher |
| Braithwaite (1982) |
| Render (n.d.) |
| Rust (1995) |
Ford et al. (1993) | |
| Day (1999) |
| Livingstone et al. (1976) +1 other reference |
| Russell (1936) |
| Render (n.d.) |
Green (1987) +2 other references | |
S. Rust collection | |
| |
S.Rust Collection | |
S.Rust Collection | |
| |
| |
S Rust collection | |
| S Rust collection |
| |
Rob Bowell | |
National Museum of Scotland specimen ... | |
| Day (1999) |
S Rust collection | |
S.Rust Collection | |
| Render (n.d.) |
| Minerals of Machen Quarry |
| Bevins (1994) |
| Day (1999) |
Rust et al. (1988) | |
| Chris Popham Collection |
| S Rust collection |
| S. Rust collection |
| |
| S.Rust collection |
Day (1999) | |
Jones (1987) | |
| Day (1999) |
| |
| |
Chris Popham Collection | |
| Green et al. (1996) +2 other references |
Chris Popham Collection | |
Chris Popham Collection | |
| |
S. Rust collection | |
| Day (1999) |
Chris Popham Collection | |
| Mason et al. (1997) |
| BMS Collection |
| S.Rust Collection |
| Render (n.d.) |
Render (n.d.) | |
S.Rust Collection | |
Render (n.d.) | |
| Day (1999) |
| Cotterell et al. (2011) |
| Render (n.d.) |
Render (n.d.) | |
| Render (n.d.) |
Render (n.d.) | |
Render (n.d.) | |
| Green (1995) |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Rob Bowell | |
Robert Bowell and Rolf Luetcke | |
| "The Accidental Pocket" talk presented ... |
Ron Layton self collected | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
Bob Jenkins | |
| MRDS database Dep. ID file #10039392 |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
Rob Bowell | |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Georges Favreau collection |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Keith (1972) +1 other reference |
| Jones (1980) +2 other references |
MRDS database Dep. ID #10039485 | |
| Rocks & Min.: 61:55-56 +1 other reference |
| Allen et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
| Galbraith (1959) +2 other references |
| Arthur L. Flagg Specimen No. 3856 |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Guild (1911) +4 other references |
| MRDS database Dep. ID #10098429 |
MRDS database Dep. ID #10039965 | |
| Ronald C Render |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Eckhard D. Stuart | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Michael T Feehan Collection |
| Rocks & Min.: 63:122 +1 other reference |
| NHM of LA analysis and specimen |
| Cloudman et al. (1919) +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299. +2 other references |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299. +2 other references | |
| |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| Wilson L. Kenneth (1943) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299 +5 other references |
Rocks & Min.: 23:504-507. | |
| [… (abstract) +4 other references |
| Eakle (1908) +4 other references |
| with a section on the stratigraphy of ... +9 other references |
WARING +2 other references | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299 +4 other references |
| Adams (2017) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299 +7 other references |
| Robert M. Housley (2005) |
Robert M. Housley (2005) | |
Robert M. Housley (2005) | |
| California Division of Mines and ... |
| Hall (1963) +2 other references |
| Adams (2001) |
| Keck Museum (Reno, Nevada) |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| collected by Keith Wentz |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299 +4 other references |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Self collected by Bob Griffis. |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Daniel J. Evanich visual identification |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Paul M. Adams (2003) |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Marty et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Murdoch (1966) | |
| Crowley (1977) +3 other references |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 299 +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| - (1984) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Patrick Haynes |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Frank Karasti |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| self collected by Brent Thorne |
| Rocks & Minerals 82:368-380 |
Rocks & Minerals 82:368-380 | |
| Eckhard D. Stuart +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. ... |
| 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... +1 other reference |
| Schooner (circa 1980s) |
| Jeremy Zolan Collecton- Specimens ... |
| Cook (1978) |
| - (2005) |
| Chris DeGrave Collection |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Ream (1995) |
| Ream (1995) |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Rocks & Min. 70:255 |
Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 | |
Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 | |
- (2005) | |
| Ream (1995) |
Rocks & Min. 70:261 +1 other reference | |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
Ream (2004) | |
| Ream (1995) |
Ream (1995) | |
| The Kansas University Quarterly |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Minerals (2006) |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 |
| Thompson et al. (1998) |
| Dunn et al. (1975) |
| C. DeGrave (pers.comm.) |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 +1 other reference |
| - (2005) |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:340-355 |
| Gobla (2012) |
| Jensen et al. (2012) |
| Geology and Ore Deposits of the Elkhorn ... +2 other references |
| Rob Lavinsky |
| Rocks & Minerals 81: 208-213. +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Minerals |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Rocks & Minerals +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Minerals |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Doebrich +2 other references | |
NBMG Bull 58 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference | |
| NBMG Bull 58 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
NBMG Bull 58 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Am Min 49:1143-1145 +1 other reference | |
| Rocks & Min. 80:256 (2005) |
| A. Plante collection +4 other references |
| |
| |
| Donald Volkman Personal Collection |
| Cook (1973) +1 other reference |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 | |
Mineralogical Record: 20: 25-30. +1 other reference | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... +1 other reference | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| R&M 71:1 p66-68 +1 other reference |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
R & J DeMark Minerals of the Carnahan ... | |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Rocks & Min.: 64:30. |
Jesse Crawford specimen | |
Dan Weinrich Minefals | |
New Mexico Bureau of Geology Mineral ... | |
Ian Merkel | |
Michael C Michayluk Collection | |
Min News 21:8 p 8 | |
Mineralization of the Hansonburg Mining ... | |
| |
[Mineralogical Record 30:337] +1 other reference | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
New Mexico Bureau of Geology Mineral ... | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Rocks & Minerals 81:208-213 +2 other references |
| NY State Museum spec. no. 16228 |
| J.E.Pogue |
| Jason B. Smith collection |
| Smith et al. (1977) |
| Sloto (1989) |
| Sloto (1989) |
| Smith and Hioff (1984) |
| MATRIX v11 +1 other reference |
Boucot (1949) | |
Smith (1977) | |
Smith (1977) | |
Rocks & Min. | |
| Butler (1913) +1 other reference |
| Am Min 41:441-445 |
Patrick Haynes. Most minerals ID'd via ... | |
Butler (1913) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
King (n.d.) | |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
In the collection of Alex Earl | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
Bullock (1981) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Bullock (1981) | |
Bullock (1981) | |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... |
collected by Brent Thorne +1 other reference | |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... +2 other references |
| Rocks & Minerals 83:1 pp 52-62 |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Dietrich (1990) +1 other reference |
Dietrich (1990) | |
| Friis (2012) |
| Visual identity in corroded galena rind ... |
Zambia | |
| Kampunzu et al. (2009) |
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Grand Reef Mine, Laurel Canyon, Grand Reef Mountain, Klondyke, Aravaipa Mining District, Graham County, Arizona, USA