Dwornikite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Dwornikite
Formula:
Ni(SO4) · H2O
Colour:
White, faint greenish tint (perhaps from impurities)
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
3.34 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1982 by Charles Milton, Howard T. Evans, Jr., and Robert G. Johnson in honor of Edward J. Dwornik [March 23, 1920 USA - August 7, 2004 Lewes, Delaware, USA], analytical chemist and mineralogist for the United States Geological Survey.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Dwornikite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1336
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1336:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
4659f01a-c76d-455f-94ea-17d67d32870d
IMA Classification of Dwornikite
Approved
Approval year:
1981
First published:
1982
Classification of Dwornikite
7.CB.05
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
29.6.2.6
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
25.12.10
25 : Sulphates
12 : Sulphates of Co and Ni
25 : Sulphates
12 : Sulphates of Co and Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Dwo | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Dwornikite
Colour:
White, faint greenish tint (perhaps from impurities)
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Density:
3.34 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Dwornikite
Type:
Biaxial
Dispersion:
r > v
Chemistry of Dwornikite
Mindat Formula:
Ni(SO4) · H2O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Dwornikite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/b
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.83 Å, b = 7.58 Å, c = 7.47 Å
β = 117.85°
β = 117.85°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.901 : 1 : 0.985
Unit Cell V:
341.94 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0014854 | Dwornikite | Wildner M, Giester G (1991) The crystal structures of kieserite-type compounds. I. Crystal structures of Me(II)SO4*H2O (Me = Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Zn) Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1991 296-306 | 1991 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.342 Å | (100) |
4.732 Å | (70) |
3.024 Å | (70) |
4.754 Å | (50) |
3.293 Å | (35) |
2.491 Å | (35) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47b : [Sulfates and sulfites] |
Type Occurrence of Dwornikite
General Appearance of Type Material:
White aggregates of very fine-grained particles mixed with other minerals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
George Washington University, Washington, DC
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Milton, C., Evans, H.T., Johnson, R.G. (1982) Dwornikite, (Ni,Fe)SO4·H2O, a member of the kieserite group from Minasragra, Peru. Mineralogical Magazine: 46: 351-355.
Synonyms of Dwornikite
Other Language Names for Dwornikite
Relationship of Dwornikite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Ermeloite | Al(PO4) · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Serrabrancaite | MnPO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.CB. | Sarvodaite | Al2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.02 | Voudourisite | CdSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Gunningite | ZnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Kieserite | MgSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szmikite | MnSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Szomolnokite | FeSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.05 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4 · H2O |
7.CB.07 | Sanderite | MgSO4 · 2H2O |
7.CB.10 | Bonattite | CuSO4 · 3H2O |
7.CB.12 | Belogubite | CuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2O |
7.CB.15 | Aplowite | (Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Boyleite | (Zn,Mg)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Ilesite | (Mn,Zn,Fe)SO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Rozenite | FeSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Starkeyite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Drobecite | CdSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.15 | Cranswickite | MgSO4 · 4H2O |
7.CB.20 | Chalcanthite | CuSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Jôkokuite | MnSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Pentahydrite | MgSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.20 | Siderotil | FeSO4 · 5H2O |
7.CB.25 | Bianchite | Zn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Chvaleticeite | Mn(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Ferrohexahydrite | FeSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Hexahydrite | MgSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Moorhouseite | Co(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.25 | Nickelhexahydrite | Ni(SO4) · 6H2O |
7.CB.30 | Retgersite | NiSO4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.35 | Bieberite | CoSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Boothite | CuSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Mallardite | MnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Melanterite | Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O |
7.CB.35 | Zincmelanterite | (Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.35 | Alpersite | (Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Epsomite | MgSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Goslarite | ZnSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.40 | Morenosite | NiSO4 · 7H2O |
7.CB.45 | Alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O |
7.CB.45 | Meta-alunogen | Al2(SO4)3 · 12H2O |
7.CB.50 | Aluminocoquimbite | Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.50 | Lazaridisite | 3CdSO4 · 8H2O |
7.CB.52 | Pararaisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Coquimbite | AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Paracoquimbite | Fe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O |
7.CB.55 | Rhomboclase | (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O |
7.CB.55 | Raisaite | CuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2O |
7.CB.57 | Caichengyunite | Fe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2O |
7.CB.60 | Kornelite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 7H2O |
7.CB.65 | Quenstedtite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 11H2O |
7.CB.70 | Lausenite | Fe2(SO4)3 · 5H2O |
7.CB.75 | Lishizhenite | ZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.75 | Römerite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O |
7.CB.80 | Ransomite | CuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2O |
7.CB.85 | Apjohnite | Mn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Bílinite | Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Dietrichite | (Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Halotrichite | FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Pickeringite | MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Redingtonite | (Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.85 | Wupatkiite | (Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2O |
7.CB.90 | Meridianiite | MgSO4 · 11H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Dwornikite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1336.html
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References for Dwornikite
Reference List:
Localities for Dwornikite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Peru (TL) | |
| Milton et al. (1982) |
Portugal | |
| Marques de Sá et al. (2010) |
Russia | |
| RRUFF specimen ID: R070379 |
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Lipovka Mine, Lipovsk pegmatite field, Rezhevsky District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia