Coloradoite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Coloradoite
Formula:
HgTe
Colour:
Iron black tending toward gray
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
8.10
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1877 by Frederick Genth for the type localities which are in Colorado.
Also, coloradoite (of Niggli), a variety of quartz latite that corresponds to the opdalitic magma-type of Niggli (1923)
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1110
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1110:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
94c352eb-0bb6-4a63-a8bf-2f92fad2c5f0
IMA Classification of Coloradoite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Coloradoite
2.CB.05a
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
B : With Zn, Fe, Cu, Ag, etc.
2.8.2.5
2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
3.5.8
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
5 : Sulphides etc. of Hg and Tl
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
5 : Sulphides etc. of Hg and Tl
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Clr | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Clr | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Pronunciation of Coloradoite
Pronunciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Coloradoite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Iron black tending toward gray
Comment:
May tarnish to dull purple
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=25 - 28 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
8.10 g/cm3 (Measured) 8.092 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Coloradoite
Anisotropism:
Moderate, dark brownish red to blue-gray
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R |
---|---|
400nm | 33.8% |
420nm | 35.4% |
440nm | 36.5% |
460nm | 36.9% |
480nm | 36.5% |
500nm | 36.1% |
520nm | 35.9% |
540nm | 36.2% |
560nm | 37.0% |
580nm | 38.2% |
600nm | 38.6% |
620nm | 38.2% |
640nm | 37.4% |
660nm | 36.7% |
680nm | 36.0% |
700nm | 35.5% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 38.6%.
Colour in reflected light:
White with a slight grayish brown tint, tarnishing to dull purple
Chemistry of Coloradoite
Mindat Formula:
HgTe
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Pb
Crystallography of Coloradoite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
4 3m - Hextetrahedral
Space Group:
F4 3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.453 Å
Unit Cell V:
268.71 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Massive, granular
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0017666 | Coloradoite | de Jong W (1926) Die Struktur des Tiemannit und Koloradoit. _cod_database_code 1010945 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 63 466-472 | 1926 | 0 | 293 | ||
0011528 | Coloradoite | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 85-237 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
0017442 | Coloradoite | Zachariasen W (1926) Die Kristallstruktur der Telluride von Zink, Cadmium und Quecksilber _cod_database_code 1010537 Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 8 302-306 | 1926 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.728 Å | (100) |
3.231 Å | (5) |
2.283 Å | (60) |
1.947 Å | (33) |
1.6154 Å | (5) |
1.4819 Å | (10) |
1.3183 Å | (10) |
1.2431 Å | (3) |
1.1419 Å | (3) |
1.0920 Å | (3) |
1.0216 Å | (2) |
0.9852 Å | (1) |
0.9525 Å | (2) |
0.9046 Å | (3) |
0.8634 Å | (3) |
0.8412 Å | (3) |
Comments:
ICDD 32-665 Synthetic
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Geological Setting:
Hydrothermal, tellurium bearing precious metal veins.
Type Occurrence of Coloradoite
Co-Type Localities:
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Coloradoite
Other Language Names for Coloradoite
Relationship of Coloradoite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Browneite | MnS | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Hawleyite | CdS | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Ishiharaite | (Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)S | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Metacinnabar | HgS | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Rudashevskyite | (Fe,Zn)S | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Sphalerite | ZnS | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Stilleite | ZnSe | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Tiemannite | HgSe | Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
86 photos of Coloradoite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
77 photos of Coloradoite associated with Gold | Au |
43 photos of Coloradoite associated with Sylvanite | AgAuTe4 |
42 photos of Coloradoite associated with Hessite | Ag2Te |
36 photos of Coloradoite associated with Hematite | Fe2O3 |
35 photos of Coloradoite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
33 photos of Coloradoite associated with Calaverite | AuTe2 |
31 photos of Coloradoite associated with Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
30 photos of Coloradoite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
15 photos of Coloradoite associated with Altaite | PbTe |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.CB. | Agmantinite | Ag2MnSnS4 |
2.CB. | Richardsite | Zn2CuGaS4 |
2.CB. | Gachingite | Au(Te1-xSex) |
2.CB. | Tolstykhite | Au3S4Te6 |
2.CB. | Hanswilkeite | KFeS2 |
2.CB. | Auroselenide | AuSe |
2.CB. | Ruizhongite | (Ag2◻)Pb3Ge2S8 |
2.CB. | Okruginite | Cu2SnSe3 |
2.CB.05a | Hawleyite | CdS |
2.CB.05a | Metacinnabar | HgS |
2.CB.05c | Polhemusite | (Zn,Hg)S |
2.CB.05b | Sakuraiite | (Cu,Zn,Fe)3(In,Sn)S4 |
2.CB.05a | Sphalerite | ZnS |
2.CB.05a | Stilleite | ZnSe |
2.CB.05a | Tiemannite | HgSe |
2.CB.05 | UM1998-15-S:CuFeZn | Cu2Fe3Zn5S10 |
2.CB.05a | Rudashevskyite | (Fe,Zn)S |
2.CB.05a | Ishiharaite | (Cu,Ga,Fe,In,Zn)S |
2.CB.07a | Shenzhuangite | NiFeS2 |
2.CB.07a | Unnamed (Cu-Mn-Sn Sulpide) | Cu2MnSnS4 |
2.CB.10a | Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
2.CB.10a | Eskebornite | CuFeSe2 |
2.CB.10a | Gallite | CuGaS2 |
2.CB.10b | Haycockite | Cu4Fe5S8 |
2.CB.10a | Lenaite | AgFeS2 |
2.CB.10b | Mooihoekite | Cu9Fe9S16 |
2.CB.10b | Putoranite | Cu1.1Fe1.2S2 |
2.CB.10a | Roquesite | CuInS2 |
2.CB.10b | Talnakhite | Cu9(Fe,Ni)8S16 |
2.CB.10a | Laforêtite | AgInS2 |
2.CB.10a | Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) | CuZn2InS4 |
2.CB.10a | UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn | Cu2Fe2Sn3S7 |
2.CB.10c | Omariniite | Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Černýite | Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Ferrokësterite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Hocartite | Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
2.CB.15a | Kësterite | Cu2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Kuramite | Cu3SnS4 |
2.CB.15b | Mohite | Cu2SnS3 |
2.CB.15a | Pirquitasite | Ag2ZnSnS4 |
2.CB.15a | Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | Stannoidite | Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 |
2.CB.15a | Velikite | Cu2HgSnS4 |
2.CB.15c | UM2006-11-S:CuFeGeZn | Cu8(Fe,Zn)3Ge2S12 (?) |
2.CB.17a v | Arsenic-bearing Renierite | Cu11GeAsFe4S16 |
2.CB.20 | Chatkalite | Cu6FeSn2S8 |
2.CB.20 | Mawsonite | Cu6Fe2SnS8 |
2.CB.30 | Argyropyrite | near Ag2Fe7S11 |
2.CB.30 | Colusite | Cu13VAs3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanite | Cu13Fe2Ge2S16 |
2.CB.30 | Germanocolusite | Cu26V2(Ge,As)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Nekrasovite | Cu26V2(Sn,As,Sb)6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Stibiocolusite | Cu13V(Sb,Sn,As)3S16 |
2.CB.30 | Ovamboite | Cu20(Fe,Cu,Zn)6W2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Maikainite | Cu20(Fe,Cu)6Mo2Ge6S32 |
2.CB.30 | Frieseite | Ag2Fe5S8 (?) |
2.CB.35a | Hemusite | Cu6SnMoS8 |
2.CB.35a | Kiddcreekite | Cu6SnWS8 |
2.CB.35a | Polkovicite | (Fe,Pb)3(Ge,Fe)1-xS4 |
2.CB.35a | Renierite | (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16 |
2.CB.35a | Vinciennite | Cu+7Cu2+3Fe2+2Fe3+2Sn(As,Sb)S16 |
2.CB.35a | Morozeviczite | (Pb,Fe)3Ge1-xS4 |
2.CB.35b | Catamarcaite | Cu6GeWS8 |
2.CB.40 | Lautite | CuAsS |
2.CB.42 | Lingbaoite | AgTe3 |
2.CB.45 | Cadmoselite | CdSe |
2.CB.45 | Greenockite | CdS |
2.CB.45 | Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
2.CB.45 | Rambergite | MnS |
2.CB.45 | Buseckite | (Fe,Zn,Mn)S |
2.CB.45 | Maletoyvayamite | Au3Se4Te6 |
2.CB.47 | Murchisite | Cr5S6 |
2.CB.50 | Zincselenide | ZnSe |
2.CB.50 | Wassonite | TiS |
2.CB.52 | Dzhezkazganite | ReMoCu2PbS6 ? |
2.CB.55a | Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.55b | Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Picotpaulite | TlFe2S3 |
2.CB.60 | Raguinite | TlFeS2 |
2.CB.65 | Argentopyrite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.65 | Sternbergite | AgFe2S3 |
2.CB.70 | Sulvanite | Cu3VS4 |
2.CB.75 | Vulcanite | CuTe |
2.CB.80 | Empressite | AgTe |
2.CB.85 | Muthmannite | AuAgTe2 |
Fluorescence of Coloradoite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Coloradoite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1110.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Coloradoite
Reference List:
Thompson, R. M. (1949) The telluride minerals and their occurrence in Canada. American Mineralogist, 34 (5-6) 341-382
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
Localities for Coloradoite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Armenia | |
| Kovalenker et al. (1990) |
Kovalenker et al. (2006) | |
| Mederer et al. (2019) |
Australia | |
| Brickell (1980) +1 other reference |
| Lawrence (2000) |
| Ehrig et al. (2012) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Canadian Mineralogist (2003) +1 other reference |
Robert Noble specimen | |
The Register newspaper (Adelaide) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) +2 other references | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Simpson (1948) +1 other reference | |
Rocks & Minerals (2010) | |
Based on specimen held in the Western Australian Museum (see photo) | |
Simpson (1948) | |
Mueller et al. (2019) | |
Robert Noble specimen | |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch (2019) |
| Paar et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| J. TAUCHER & W. H. PAAR (1993) |
| Kolitsch (2014) |
Bulgaria | |
| Cook et al. (2002) |
Burkina Faso | |
| Klemd +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Blann et al. (2006) |
| Robert C. Smit |
| Olivo et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Stefanie M. Brueckner et al. (2016) |
| Sparkes et al. (2016) |
| ontariominerals.com |
| Schandl (2004) |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:2 pp94-99 |
| ontariominerals.com |
Sabina (1991) | |
| Geological Survey of Canada +2 other references |
Sabina (2003) | |
Sabina (2003) | |
Sabina (1974) +2 other references | |
Sabina (1974) | |
Sabina (1974) | |
Sabina (2003) | |
Sabina (1974) | |
Sabina (1974) | |
| Azevedo et al. (2022) |
| Sabina (2003) |
| Am Min (1948) |
Chile | |
| Thompson et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Yanming Lu et al. (2006) +3 other references |
| Jun Lü et al. (2009) +6 other references |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| Nan et al. (2023) |
| Qiuming Chen (1990) |
| Keevil et al. (2022) |
| Keevil et al. (2022) |
| Qiu Jiansheng et al. (1999) +2 other references |
Czech Republic | |
| Lapis 2000 (4) |
| Lapis 2000 (4) |
| Mineralogy and geology prospecting |
Fiji | |
| 16th Australian Geological Convention +1 other reference |
| Econ.Geol.: 83: 395-404. +5 other references |
Finland | |
| Economic Geology (1996) |
France | |
| F. Aye |
F. Aye | |
F. Aye | |
| P. Picot |
Germany | |
| Sandmann et al. (2015) |
Ghana | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1990 54 : 617-627 +1 other reference |
Greece | |
| Voudouris et al. (2018) |
| Voudouris (2006) +2 other references |
Guyana | |
| ... |
Gabriel Voicu (1999) | |
Hungary | |
| |
India | |
| Canadian Mineralogist 40:277-309 |
Iran | |
| Asadi et al. (2000) |
Italy | |
| Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) |
Fernando Caboni et al. (2024) +1 other reference | |
Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
| Dini et al. (1995) |
Japan | |
| Aoki (1988) |
| Honma et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| 田中崇裕・濱根大輔: ... |
Kazakhstan | |
| Baibatsha et al. (2015) |
Mali | |
| Masurel et al. (2017) |
Mexico | |
| Anisimov et al. (2001) |
| |
Bonev et al. (2005) | |
Christian Rewitzer personal collection ... | |
Morocco | |
| Tuduri et al. (2018) |
New Zealand | |
| Railton et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ... |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Cameron (2013) |
Peru | |
| Gibson (1992) |
| Crespo +4 other references |
Philippines | |
| Callow et al. (1965) +2 other references |
Portugal | |
| Gaspar (2002) |
Romania | |
| Săbău et al. (2014) |
| G. Cioflica et al. (1993) |
| Andrei Ionuț Apopei et al. (2016) |
Bindi et al. (2004) +1 other reference | |
Russia | |
| Maslennikov et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Падучина et al. (2019) |
Tseluyko et al. (2019) +1 other reference | |
| Kasatkin et al. (2022) |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2018) |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2014) |
Lehmann et al. (1999) +2 other references | |
| Amplieva (2008) |
Maslennikov et al. (2013) +1 other reference | |
Vikentyev I.V. e.a. (2004) | |
Maslennikov et al. (2013) | |
| Nikolaev et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Yakich et al. (2021) |
| B. B. Damdinov et al. (2016) |
| Okrugin |
Sidorov et al. (2017, August) | |
| Sidorov et al. (2009) |
| Okrugin et al. (an Example of Mutnovsky Geothermal Area, Southern Kamchatka) |
| AA et al. (2021) |
Буханова (2018) | |
| Marian et al. (2022) |
| Silyanov et al. (2021) +1 other reference |
| Kalinin (2021) |
Chernyavsky et al. (2012) +1 other reference | |
| Nevolko et al. (2019) |
| Vikent'ev et al. (2006) |
| Simonov et al. (2006) |
| Polekhovskiy et al. (2005) |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) |
Mills et al. (2010) +1 other reference | |
Leontev et al. (2018) | |
| Kondratieva et al. (2021) |
| Kasatkin et al. (2022) |
| Lehmann et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
Azovskova et al. (2013, January) | |
| Mineralogy of Ural: native elements |
| Stepanov +11 other references |
| Kuzhuget et al. (2015) |
| Vikentyev et al. (2023) |
Slovakia | |
| Bancík et al. (2022) |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
South Africa | |
| www.minsoc.org.za (2005) |
H.F.J. Theart and C.D. de Nooy (2001) | |
| Cairncross (2004) |
Spain | |
| Ignacio Gaspar Collection |
Sweden | |
| International Geological Congress (2008) |
| Ossian Åström (2015) |
Journal of Geochemical Exploration 42 | |
Switzerland | |
| XRD and WDS analyses by Prof. Nestola (Padua, I) +2 other references |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
UK | |
| Norton et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| Mineralogical Record (1989) |
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 125. +2 other references | |
| Leicht et al. (1994) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 109 +5 other references |
| Dana 7:I:219. +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Dana 7:I:219. | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Kelly et al. (1969) |
Lovering et al. (1950) +1 other reference | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Dana 7:I:219. | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Lovering et al. (1950) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Natural History Museum Vienna collection (catalogued in 1893) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| U.S. Geological Survey Professional ... +2 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Rocks & Min.:64:500. +1 other reference |
Summerlin (2014) | |
- (2005) | |
- (2005) | |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
- (2005) | |
- (2005) | |
| POHL et al. (1990) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Kadel-Harder (2020) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185 |
Min Rec 36:2 pp143-185 | |
| Economic Geology (1996) +1 other reference |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1996 60 : 871-876 |
| Dunning (1988) +1 other reference |
- (2005) | |
- (2005) | |
- (2005) | |
Osterberg (1990) | |
- (2005) | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Cooper et al. (1991) |
| R&M 79:1 p44-54 |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Callahan |
| Callahan |
| Robert C. Smith |
| SEM-EDS analyzed by Dr. Rob Bowell. |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kovalenker (2003) +1 other reference |
Kovalenker et al. (1997) +3 other references | |
Zimbabwe | |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
Venus | |
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Smuggler Mine, Balarat Mining District, Boulder County, Colorado, USA