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Hybodontoidea ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	56962	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=56962

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Hybodontiformes : Hybodontoidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Chondrichthyes	Huxley 1880
subclass	Elasmobranchii	Bonaparte 1838
infraclass	Euselachii
-	Hybodontida
order	Hybodontiformes
superfamily	Hybodontoidea	Zangerl 1981

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated with evidence	Zangerl, 1981
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Selachii	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	implied	Murry, 1989
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated with evidence	Kindlimann, 1990
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated without evidence	Biddle, 1993
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated with evidence	Johns, 1997
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated without evidence	Delsate et al., 2002
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Hybodontiformes	stated with evidence	Chhabra and Mishra, 2002
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated with evidence	Delsate, 2003
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated without evidence	Duncan, 2004
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Hybodontiformes	stated without evidence	Everhart, 2004
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated with evidence	Rees and Underwood, 2008
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Euselachii	stated without evidence	Chrzastek, 2008
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Hybodontiformes	stated with evidence	Ginter et al., 2010
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Hybodontiformes	stated without evidence	Pinheiro et al., 2013
Hybodontoidea	superfamily	belongs to Hybodontiformes	stated with evidence	Stumpf and Kriwet, 2019

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

281

First Recorded Appearance

383 - 372 Ma
Late/Upper Devonian

Last Recorded Appearance

7.25 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Chondrichthyes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Chondrichthyes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. Zangerl. 1981. Chondrichthyes I: Paleozoic Elasmobranchii. In H.P. Schultze (ed.), Handbook of Paleoichthyology 3a

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Acrodontidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	236	299 Ma Carboniferous	7.25 Ma Miocene
Distobatidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	1	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Homalodontidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	3	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	251 Ma Early/Lower Triassic
Hybodontes ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	508	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	23.0 Ma Miocene
Lonchidiidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	175	315 Ma Carboniferous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Polyacrodontidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	132	290 Ma Permian	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ptychodontidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	47	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	16.0 Ma Miocene
Tristychiidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	1	336 Ma Carboniferous	336 Ma Carboniferous
Acrorhizodus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Arctacanthus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	11	260 Ma Permian	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Diablodontus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	1	279 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Lissodus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	125	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trichorhipis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1837	Hybodus strictus Agassiz p. 45
1854	Asteracanthus semiverrucosus Egerton
1854	Asteracanthus verrucosus Egerton
1889	Hybodus strictus Woodward p. 275
1889	Asteracanthus verrucosus Woodward p. 313
1916	Hybodus strictus Woodward p. 13
1916	Asteracanthus verrucosus Woodward p. 16
1916	Asteracanthus semiverrucosus Woodward p. 17
1981	Hybodontoidea Thurmond and Jones p. 39
1981	Hybodontoidea Zangerl
1989	Hybodontoidea Murry p. 253
1990	Hybodontoidea Kindlimann p. 834
1993	Hybodontoidea Biddle p. 196
1997	Hybodontoidea Johns p. 30
1998	Hybodontoidea Duffin p. 241

Year	Name and Author
1998	Hybodontoidea Mutter p. 517
2001	Hybodontoidea Duffin
2002	Hybodontoidea Chhabra and Mishra p. 152
2002	Hybodontoidea Delsate et al. p. 8
2003	Hybodontoidea Delsate p. 4
2004	Hybodontoidea Duncan p. 419
2004	Hybodontoidea Everhart
2004	Hybodontoidea Heckert p. 72
2004	Hybodontoidea Yamagishi p. 567
2008	Hybodontoidea Chrzastek p. 228
2008	Hybodontoidea Rees and Underwood p. 120
2010	Hybodontoidea Ginter et al. p. 89
2013	Hybodontoidea Pinheiro et al.
2013	Hybodontoidea Pla et al. p. 771
2019	Hybodontoidea Stumpf and Kriwet p. 640

References

Zangerl R. (1981) Chondrichthyes I: Paleozoic Elasmobranchii, Handbook of Paleoichthyology 3a

Agassiz L. , Recherches Sur Les Poissons Fossiles. Tome III (livr. 8-9). Imprimérie de Petitpierre, Neuchatel, viii-72

Woodward A. S. , Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History) Part 1, 1-613

Woodward A. S. (1916) The fossil fishes of the English Wealden and Purbeck Formations, Palaeontographical Society, London 1915, 1-48

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Murry P. A. (1989) Microvertebrate fossils from the Petrified Forest and Owl Rock Members (Chinle Formation) in Petrified Forest National Park and vicinity, Arizona, Dawn of the Age of Dinosaurs in the American Southwest, New Mexico Museum of Natural History, Albuquerque, 249-277

Kindlimann R. (1990) Ein Nachweis von Acrodus nobilis Agassiz aus dem Sinemurien der Tongrube Gruhalde, Frick, Kt. Aargau (Nordschweiz), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 83, 829-843

Biddle J. P. (1993) Les Elasmobranches de l'Albien inferieur et moyen (Cretace inferieur) de la Marne et de la Haute-Marne (France), Belgian Geological Survey 264, 191-240

Johns M. J. (1997) Systematics, in Taxonomy and Biostratigraphy of middle and late Triassic Elasmobranch Ichthyoliths from Northeastern British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 502, 1-238

Duffin C. J. (1998) New shark remains from the British Rhaetian (latest Triassic) 2. Hybodonts and palaeospinacids, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1998 4, 240-256

Mutter R. J. (1998) Zur systematischen Stellungh einiger Bezahnugsreste von Acrodus georgii sp. nov. (Selachii, Hybodontoidea) aus der Grenzbitumenzone (Mittlere Trias) des Monte San Giorgio (Kanton Tessin, Schweiz), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 91, 513-519

Duffin C. J. (2001) The hybodont shark, Priohybodus d'Erasmo, 1960, (Early Cretaceous, northern Africa), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133, 303-308

Chhabra N. L., Mishra V. P. (2002) Middle Triassic fish teeth from the Kalapani Limestone of Malla Johar, Chamoli District (Uttaranchal) 47, 151-155

Delsate D., Duffin C. J., et al (2002) A new microvertebrate fauna from the Middle Hettangian (Early Jurassic) of Fontenoille (Province of Luxembourg, south Belgium), Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium 48, 3-83

Delsate D. (2003) Une nouvelle faune des poissons et requins Toarciens du sud du Luxembourg (Dudelange) et de L'Allemange (Schömberg), Bulletin de l'Académie Lorrain des Sciences 42, 13-49

Duncan M. (2004) Chondrichthyan genus Lissodus from the Lower Carboniferous of Ireland, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 49 3, 417-428

Everhart M. J. (2004) First record of the hybodont shark genus, "Polyacrodus" sp., (Chondrichthyes; Polyacrodontidae) from the Kiowa Formation (Lower Cretaceous) of McPherson County, Kansas, Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 107 1/2, 83-87

Heckert A. B. (2004) Late Triassic microvertebrates from the lower Chinle Group (Otischalkian-Adamanian: Carnian), southwestern U.S.A., New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 27, 1-170

Yamagishi H. (2004) Elasmobranch remains from the Taho Limestone (Lower-Middle Triassic) of Ehime Prefecture, Southwest Japan, Mesozoic Fishes 3 - Systematics, Paleoenvironments and Biodiversity 3, 565-574

Chrzastek A. (2008) Vertebrate remains from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Górne (North-Sudetic Basin, SW Poland), Geological Quarterly 52, 225-238

Rees J., Underwood C. (2008) Hybodont sharks of the English Bathonian and Callovian (Middle Jurassic), Palaeontology 51 1, 117-147

Ginter M., Hampe O., et al (2010) Chondrichthyes, Paleozoic Elasmobranchii: Teeth, Handbook of Paleoichthyology 3D, 1-168

Pinheiro F., de Figueiredo A. E. Q., et al (2013) Planohybodus marki sp. nov., a new fresh-water hybodontid shark from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern Brazil, Cretaceous Research 41, 210-216 doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.12.005

Pla C., Márquez-Aliaga A., et al (2013) The Chondrichthyan Fauna from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian)of the Iberian Range (Spain), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33, 770-785

Stumpf S., Kriwet J. (2019) A new Pliensbachian elasmobranch (Vertebrata, Chondrichthyes) assemblage from Europe, and its contribution to the understanding of late Early Jurassic elasmobranch diversity and distributional patterns, PalZ 93, 637-658

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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