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Clupeidae

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	53981	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=53981

Rank

family (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Actinopteri : Clupeiformes : Clupeidae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
superclass	Actinopterygii
class	Actinopteri
subclass	Neopterygii
-	Teleosteomorpha	Arratia et al. 2004
-	Teleostei
-	Osteoglossocephalai
-	Clupeocephala	Patterson and Rosen 1977
-	Otomorpha
-	Clupei
order	Clupeiformes	Bleeker 1859
family	Clupeoidei
family	Clupeidae	Bleeker 1859

Common Name

hering

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Teleostei	stated with evidence	Leidy, 1873
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Isospondyli	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Teleostomi	stated without evidence	Weiler, 1938
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Isospondyli	stated without evidence	David, 1943
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidei	stated without evidence	Danil'chenko, 1960
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Danil'chenko, 1967
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidea	stated without evidence	Applegate, 1970
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Thurmond and Jones, 1981
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidei	stated with evidence	Grande, 1982
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Gaemers, 1984
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidei	stated without evidence	Murray et al., 2005
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Carnevale, 2007
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidei	stated with evidence	Betancur-R et al., 2013
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Bannikov, 2014
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeoidei	stated without evidence	Marramá and Carnevale, 2015
Clupeidae	family	belongs to Clupeiformes	stated without evidence	Přikryl et al., 2016

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

107

Extant Size (PBDB)

21 (20%)

First Recorded Appearance

125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Clupeiformes)

Diet

carnivore (based on Clupeiformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. Estes. 1964. Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49:1-187

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Alosinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		6	13.8 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Clupeinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		1	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Dorosomatinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Pellonulinae subfamily	listed (PBDB)		7	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Alisea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Alosa genus	listed (PBDB)		28	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Audenaerdia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Bolcaichthys ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Chasmoclupea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Clupea genus	listed (PBDB)		28	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Clupeidarum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		8	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Engraulis genus	listed (PBDB)		8	38.0 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Eoalosa ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)	Sunrise Or Dawn Shad	1	47.8 Ma Eocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Etringus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		8	33.9 Ma Oligocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Etrumeus genus	listed (PBDB)		11	47.8 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Ganoessus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		2	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Ganolytes ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		9	23.0 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Nolfia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Opisthonema genus	listed (PBDB)		2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Pellonula ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		2	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Pomolobus genus	listed (PBDB)		7	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Quisque ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Sardina genus	listed (PBDB)		18	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Sardinella genus	listed (PBDB)		18	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Sardinius ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Trollichthys genus	listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Wisslerius ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		3	48.6 Ma Eocene	48.6 Ma Eocene
Xenophanis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Xyne ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		9	13.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Xyrinius ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		3	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1859	Clupeidae Bleeker
1873	Clupeidae Leidy p. 347
1902	Clupeidae Hay p. 390
1921	Clupeidae Jordan p. 242
1925	Xenothrissa Jordan p. 10
1925	Epelichthys Jordan p. 48
1938	Clupeidae Weiler p. 9
1943	Clupeidae David p. 3
1960	Clupeidae Danil'chenko p. 5
1963	Clupeidae Jordan p. 620
1967	Clupeidae Danil'chenko p. 5
1970	Clupeidae Applegate p. 420
1981	Clupeidae Thurmond and Jones p. 96

Year	Name and Author
1982	Clupeidae Grande p. 22
1984	Clupeidae Gaemers p. 26
1998	Clupeidae Khajuria and Prasad
2001	Clupeidae Purdy et al. p. 164
2005	Clupeidae Murray et al. p. 301
2007	Clupeidae Carnevale
2012	Clupeidae Fierstine et al. p. 16
2013	Clupeidae Betancur-R. et al.
2014	Clupeidae Bannikov p. 26
2015	Clupeidae Marramá and Carnevale
2016	Clupeidae P?ikryl et al.
2018	Clupeidae Carnevale and Godfrey p. 167

References

Estes R. (1964) Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation, eastern Wyoming, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 49, 1-187

Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Jordan D. S. (1921) The fish fauna of the California Tertiary, Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences 1 4, 237-298

Jordan D. S. (1925) The fossil fishes of the Miocene of Southern California, Stanford University Publications. University Series 4 1, 1-51

Weiler W. (1938) Neue Untersuchungen an Mitteloligozänen Fischen Ungarns, Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica 15, 1-31

David L. R. (1943) Miocene Fishes of Southern California, Geological Society of America Special Paper 43, 1-187

Danil'chenko P. G. (1960) Bony fishes of the Maikop deposits of the Caucasus, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 78, 1-247

Jordan D. S. (1963) The Genera of Fishes and a Classification of Fishes, Stanford University Press, 1-816

Applegate S. P. (1970) The vertebrate fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama, Fieldiana: Geology Memoires 3 8, 385-433

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Grande L. (1982) A revision of the fossil genus †Diplomystus, with comments on the interrelationships of clupeomorph fishes, American Museum Novitates 2728, 1-34

Gaemers P. A. M. (1984) Fish otoliths from the Bassevelde Sand (Late Tongrian) of Ruisbroek, Belgium, and the Stratigraphy of the Early Oligocene of Belgium, Mededelingen van de Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie 21 1, 13-57

Khajuria C. K., Prasad G. V. R. (1998) Taphonomy of a Late Cretaceous mammal-bearing microvertebrate assemblage from the Deccan inter-trappean beds of Naskal, peninsular India, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 137, 153-172

Purdy R. W., Schneider V. P., et al (2001) The Neogene sharks, rays, and bony fishes from Lee Creek Mine, Aurora, North Carolina, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 90, 71-202

Murray A. M., Simons E. L., et al (2005) A new clupeid fish (Clupeomorpha) from the Oligocene of Fayum, Egypt, with notes on some other fossil clupeomorphs, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 2, 300-308

Carnevale G. (2007) Fossil fishes from the Serravallian (Middle Miocene) of Torricella Peligna, Italy, Palaeontographia Italica 91, 1-67

Fierstine H. L., Huddleston R. W., et al (2012) Catalog of the Neogene bony fishes of California: A ystematic inventory of all published accounts, Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 159, 1-206

Betancur-R. R., Broughton R. E., et al (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes, PLOS Currents Tree of Life doi:10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288

Bannikov A. F. (2014) The systematic composition of the Eocene actinopterygian fish fauna from Monte Bolca, northern Italy, as known to date, Studi e ricerche sui giacimenti terziari di Bolca, XV - Miscellanea paleontologica 12, 23-34

Marramá G., Carnevale G. (2015) The Eocene sardine †Bolcaichthys catopygopterus (Woodward, 1901) from Monte Bolca, Italy: osteology, taxonomy, and paleobiology, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 6, e1014490 doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.1014490

Přikryl T., Kania I., et al (2016) Synopsis of fossil fish fauna from the Hermanowa locality (Rupelian; Central Paratethys; Poland): current state of knowledge, Swiss Journal of Geoscience doi:10.1007/s00015-016-0216-5

Carnevale G., Godfrey S. J. (2018) Miocene Bony Fishes of the Calvert, Choptank, St. Marys, and Eastover Formations, Chesapeake Group, Maryland and Virginia, Smithsonian Contribution to Paleobiology, 161-212

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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